FragmentManager与FragmentTransaction

Activity管理Fragment主要依赖于FragmentManager
FragmentManager主要有一下几个功能：
1、使用findFragmentById()或findFragmentByTag()方法来获取指定Fragment。
2、调用popBackStack()方法将Fragment从后台栈中弹出（模拟用户按下BACK按键）。
3、调用addOnBackStackChangeListener()注册一个监听器，用于监听后台栈的变化。
**如果需要添加、删除、替换Fragment，则需要借助FragmentTransaction对象，FragmentTransaction代表Activity对Fragment执行多个改变。

提示：FragmentTransaction也被翻译成Fragment事务。与数据库事务类似的是，数据库事务代表了底层数组的多个更新操作；而Fragment事务代表了Activity对Fragment执行多个改变操作。
可以通过FragmentManager来获得FragmentTransaction:

        FragmentManager fragmentManager=getFragmentManager();
        FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction=fragmentManager.beginTransaction();

每个FragmentTransaction可以包含多个对Fragment的修改，比如包含调用了多个add()、remove()、和replace()操作，最后调用commit()方法提交事务。

Maintivity:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
}

LeftFragment:

public class LeftFragment extends Fragment{
    private Button btn_1;
    private Button btn_2;
    private Button btn_3;
    private FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction;
    private FragmentManager fragmentManager;
    private RightFragment rightFragment;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        fragmentManager=getFragmentManager();
        fragmentTransaction=fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.rightfragment, new RightFragment());
        fragmentTransaction.commit();
    }
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.left_fragment, container,false);
        btn_1=(Button) view.findViewById(R.id.btn_1);
        btn_2=(Button) view.findViewById(R.id.btn_2);
        btn_1.setOnClickListener(listener);
        btn_2.setOnClickListener(listener);
        return view;
    }
    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onPause();
    }
    private View.OnClickListener listener=new View.OnClickListener() {

        public void onClick(View v) {
            fragmentTransaction=fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btn_1:
                fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.rightfragment, new RightFragment1());

                break;

            case R.id.btn_2:
                fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.rightfragment, new RightFragment2());

                break;
            default:

                break;
            }
            fragmentTransaction.commit();       
        }


    };

}

RightFragment:

public class RightFragment extends Fragment{
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    }
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.right_fragment, container, false);
        return view;
    }

}

RightFragment1:

public class RightFragment1 extends Fragment{
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    }
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.right_fragment1, container, false);
        return view;
    }

}

RightFragment2:

public class RightFragment2 extends Fragment{
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    }
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.right_fragment2, container, false);
        return view;
    }

}