ICMP是(Internet Control Message Protocol)Internet控制报文协议。它是
TCP/IP协议族
的一个子协议,用于在IP主机、
路由
器之间传递控制消息。控制消息是指网络通不通、主机是否可达、路由是否可用等网络本身的消息。这些控制消息虽然并不传输用户数据,但是对于用户数据的传递起着重要的作用。
折腾半天,原来ICMP也是TCP/IP其中一种协议.那么监测网络是否ping的通,就跟TCP协议差不多了。
步骤简单归纳为:1.绑定套接字,2.发送数据包 3.接收数据包 4.解析数据包
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#define PACKET_SIZE 4096
#define ERROR 0
#define SUCCESS 1
//效验算法(百度下有注释,但是还是看不太明白)
unsigned short cal_chksum(unsigned short *addr, int len)
{
int nleft=len;
int sum=0;
unsigned short *w=addr;
unsigned short answer=0;
while(nleft > 1)
{
sum += *w++;
nleft -= 2;
}
if( nleft == 1)
{
*(unsigned char *)(&answer) = *(unsigned char *)w;
sum += answer;
}
sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);
sum += (sum >> 16);
answer = ~sum;
return answer;
}
// Ping函数
int ping( char *ips, int timeout)
{
struct timeval *tval;
int maxfds = 0;
fd_set readfds;
struct sockaddr_in addr;
struct sockaddr_in from;
// 设定Ip信息
bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));
addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ips);
int sockfd;
// 取得socket
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
if (sockfd < 0)
{
printf("ip:%s,socket error\n",ips);
return ERROR;
}
struct timeval timeo;
// 设定TimeOut时间
timeo.tv_sec = timeout / 1000;
timeo.tv_usec = timeout % 1000;
if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, &timeo, sizeof(timeo)) == -1)
{
printf("ip:%s,setsockopt error\n",ips);
return ERROR;
}
char sendpacket[PACKET_SIZE];
char recvpacket[PACKET_SIZE];
// 设定Ping包
memset(sendpacket, 0, sizeof(sendpacket));
pid_t pid;
// 取得PID,作为Ping的Sequence ID
pid=getpid();
struct ip *iph;
struct icmp *icmp;
icmp=(struct icmp*)sendpacket;
icmp->icmp_type=ICMP_ECHO; //回显请求
icmp->icmp_code=0;
icmp->icmp_cksum=0;
icmp->icmp_seq=0;
icmp->icmp_id=pid;
tval= (struct timeval *)icmp->icmp_data;
gettimeofday(tval,NULL);
icmp->icmp_cksum=cal_chksum((unsigned short *)icmp,sizeof(struct icmp)); //校验
int n;
// 发包
n = sendto(sockfd, (char *)&sendpacket, sizeof(struct icmp), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
if (n < 1)
{
printf("ip:%s,sendto error\n",ips);
return ERROR;
}
// 接受
// 由于可能接受到其他Ping的应答消息,所以这里要用循环
while(1)
{
// 设定TimeOut时间,这次才是真正起作用的
FD_ZERO(&readfds);
FD_SET(sockfd, &readfds);
maxfds = sockfd + 1;
n = select(maxfds, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeo);
if (n <= 0)
{
printf("ip:%s,Time out error\n",ips);
close(sockfd);
return ERROR;
}
// 接受
memset(recvpacket, 0, sizeof(recvpacket));
int fromlen = sizeof(from);
n = recvfrom(sockfd, recvpacket, sizeof(recvpacket), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, (socklen_t *)&fromlen);
if (n < 1) {
break;
}
char *from_ip = (char *)inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr);
// 判断是否是自己Ping的回复
if (strcmp(from_ip,ips) != 0)
{
printf("NowPingip:%s Fromip:%s\nNowPingip is not same to Fromip,so ping wrong!\n",ips,from_ip);
return ERROR;
}
iph = (struct ip *)recvpacket;
icmp=(struct icmp *)(recvpacket + (iph->ip_hl<<2));
printf("ip:%s\n,icmp->icmp_type:%d\n,icmp->icmp_id:%d\n",ips,icmp->icmp_type,icmp->icmp_id);
// 判断Ping回复包的状态
if (icmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY && icmp->icmp_id == pid) //ICMP_ECHOREPLY回显应答
{
// 正常就退出循环
break;
}
else
{
// 否则继续等
continue;
}
}
int main()
{
char cPing[16];
printf("Please input ping IP:");
scanf("%s",cPing);
if(ping(cPing,10000))
{
printf("Ping succeed!\n");
}
else
{
printf("Ping wrong!\n");
}
}
测试结果:
root@an-virtual-machine:~/wyz/test# ./testping
Please input ping IP:192.168.1.155
Nowip:192.168.1.155 Fromip:192.168.1.133
Nowip is not same to Fromip,so ping wrong!
Ping wrong!
root@an-virtual-machine:~/wyz/test# ./testping
Please input ping IP:192.168.1.188
ip:192.168.1.188
,icmp->icmp_type:0
,icmp->icmp_id:27865
Ping succeed!
Please input ping IP:192.168.1.155
Nowip:192.168.1.155 Fromip:192.168.1.133
Nowip is not same to Fromip,so ping wrong!
Ping wrong!
root@an-virtual-machine:~/wyz/test# ./testping
Please input ping IP:192.168.1.188
ip:192.168.1.188
,icmp->icmp_type:0
,icmp->icmp_id:27865
Ping succeed!