Gitlab搭建

下面是gitlab官网上面的安装说明，复制过来的。因为折腾起来的确挺费劲，所以这里把要注意的几个没说清楚的地方记录下。

Overview

The GitLab installation consists of setting up the following components:
Packages / Dependencies
Ruby
System Users
GitLab shell
Database
GitLab
Nginx
1. Packages / Dependencies
sudo is not installed on Debian by default. Make sure your system is up-to-date and install it.
# run as root!
apt-get update -y
apt-get upgrade -y
apt-get install sudo -y
Note: During this installation some files will need to be edited manually. If you are familiar with vim set it as default editor with the commands below. If you are not familiar with vim please skip this and keep using the default editor.

# Install vim and set as default editor
sudo apt-get install -y vim
sudo update-alternatives --set editor /usr/bin/vim.basic
Install the required packages:

sudo apt-get install -y build-essential zlib1g-dev libyaml-dev libssl-dev libgdbm-dev libreadline-dev libncurses5-dev libffi-dev curl openssh-server redis-server checkinstall libxml2-dev libxslt-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libicu-dev logrotate
Make sure you have the right version of Python installed.

# Install Python
sudo apt-get install -y python

# Make sure that Python is 2.5+ (3.x is not supported at the moment)
python --version

# If it's Python 3 you might need to install Python 2 separately
sudo apt-get install -y python2.7

# Make sure you can access Python via python2
python2 --version

# If you get a "command not found" error create a link to the python binary
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2

# For reStructuredText markup language support install required package:
sudo apt-get install -y python-docutils
Make sure you have the right version of Git installed

# Install Git
sudo apt-get install -y git-core

# Make sure Git is version 1.7.10 or higher, for example 1.7.12 or 1.8.4
git --version
Is the system packaged Git too old? Remove it and compile from source.

# Remove packaged Git
sudo apt-get remove git-core

# Install dependencies
sudo apt-get install -y libcurl4-openssl-dev libexpat1-dev gettext libz-dev libssl-dev build-essential

# Download and compile from source
cd /tmp
curl --progress https://git-core.googlecode.com/files/git-1.8.4.1.tar.gz | tar xz
cd git-1.8.4.1/
make prefix=/usr/local all

# Install into /usr/local/bin
sudo make prefix=/usr/local install

# When editing config/gitlab.yml (Step 6), change the git bin_path to /usr/local/bin/git
Note: In order to receive mail notifications, make sure to install a mail server. By default, Debian is shipped with exim4 whereas Ubuntu does not ship with one. The recommended mail server is postfix and you can install it with:

sudo apt-get install -y postfix
Then select 'Internet Site' and press enter to confirm the hostname.

2. Ruby
Remove the old Ruby 1.8 if present

sudo apt-get remove ruby1.8
Download Ruby and compile it:

mkdir /tmp/ruby && cd /tmp/ruby
curl --progress ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/2.0/ruby-2.0.0-p353.tar.gz | tar xz
cd ruby-2.0.0-p353
./configure --disable-install-rdoc
make
sudo make install
Install the Bundler Gem:

sudo gem install bundler --no-ri --no-rdoc
3. System Users
Create a git user for Gitlab:

sudo adduser --disabled-login --gecos 'GitLab' git
4. GitLab shell
GitLab Shell is an ssh access and repository management software developed specially for GitLab.

# Go to home directory
cd /home/git

# Clone gitlab shell
sudo -u git -H git clone https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlab-shell.git -b v1.7.9

cd gitlab-shell

sudo -u git -H cp config.yml.example config.yml

# Edit config and replace gitlab_url
# with something like 'http://domain.com/ '这里如果只有ip，没有domain，就改成ip,'http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/'
sudo -u git -H editor config.yml

# Do setup
sudo -u git -H ./bin/install
5. Database

To setup the MySQL/PostgreSQL database and dependencies please see doc/install/databases.md.(数据库的安装和配置见该链接，这里用的是mysql)

6. GitLab
# We'll install GitLab into home directory of the user "git"
cd /home/git
Clone the Source

# Clone GitLab repository
sudo -u git -H git clone https://github.com/gitlabhq/gitlabhq.git -b 6-3-stable gitlab

# Go to gitlab dir
cd /home/git/gitlab
Note: You can change 6-3-stable to master if you want the bleeding edge version, but never install master on a production server!

Configure it

cd /home/git/gitlab

# Copy the example GitLab config
sudo -u git -H cp config/gitlab.yml.example config/gitlab.yml

# Make sure to change "localhost" to the fully-qualified domain name of your
# host serving GitLab where necessary
# 上面是说将所有有必要将localhost，改成上面改过的domain name（gitlab_url中的ip地址）。^_^比如: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx。 注意不要加开头的http或者结尾的/否则会出现非常诡异的错误。
# If you installed Git from source, change the git bin_path to /usr/local/bin/git
sudo -u git -H editor config/gitlab.yml

# Make sure GitLab can write to the log/ and tmp/ directories
sudo chown -R git log/
sudo chown -R git tmp/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX  log/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX  tmp/

# Create directory for satellites
sudo -u git -H mkdir /home/git/gitlab-satellites

# Create directories for sockets/pids and make sure GitLab can write to them
sudo -u git -H mkdir tmp/pids/
sudo -u git -H mkdir tmp/sockets/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX  tmp/pids/
sudo chmod -R u+rwX  tmp/sockets/

# Create public/uploads directory otherwise backup will fail
sudo -u git -H mkdir public/uploads
sudo chmod -R u+rwX  public/uploads

# Copy the example Unicorn config
sudo -u git -H cp config/unicorn.rb.example config/unicorn.rb

# Enable cluster mode if you expect to have a high load instance
# Ex. change amount of workers to 3 for 2GB RAM server
sudo -u git -H editor config/unicorn.rb

# Copy the example Rack attack config
sudo -u git -H cp config/initializers/rack_attack.rb.example config/initializers/rack_attack.rb

# Configure Git global settings for git user, useful when editing via web
# Edit user.email according to what is set in gitlab.yml 这里是说将user.email改成前面在gitlab中替换localhost的相应值
sudo -u git -H git config --global user.name "GitLab"
sudo -u git -H git config --global user.email "gitlab@localhost"
sudo -u git -H git config --global core.autocrlf input
Important Note: Make sure to edit both gitlab.yml and unicorn.rb to match your setup.

Configure GitLab DB settings

# Mysql
sudo -u git cp config/database.yml.mysql config/database.yml

# Make sure to update username/password in config/database.yml. 修改用户名密码，用户名前面是在mysql中创建的git，密码是自己的密码
# You only need to adapt the production settings (first part).
# If you followed the database guide then please do as follows:
# Change 'secure password' with the value you have given to $password
# You can keep the double quotes around the password 将'secure password'改成前面替换$password的值，可以保留引号
sudo -u git -H editor config/database.yml

or

# PostgreSQL
sudo -u git cp config/database.yml.postgresql config/database.yml

# Make config/database.yml readable to git only
sudo -u git -H chmod o-rwx config/database.yml
Install Gems

cd /home/git/gitlab

# For MySQL (note, the option says "without ... postgres")
sudo -u git -H bundle install --deployment --without development test postgres aws

# Or for PostgreSQL (note, the option says "without ... mysql")
sudo -u git -H bundle install --deployment --without development test mysql aws
Initialize Database and Activate Advanced Features

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:setup RAILS_ENV=production

# Type 'yes' to create the database.

# When done you see 'Administrator account created:'
Install Init Script

Download the init script (will be /etc/init.d/gitlab):

sudo cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab /etc/init.d/gitlab
And if you are installing with a non-default folder or user copy and edit the defaults file:

sudo cp lib/support/init.d/gitlab.default.example /etc/default/gitlab
If you installed gitlab in another directory or as a user other than the default you should change these settings in /etc/default/gitlab. Do not edit /etc/init.d/gitlab as it will be changed on upgrade.

Make GitLab start on boot:

sudo update-rc.d gitlab defaults 21
Set up logrotate

sudo cp lib/support/logrotate/gitlab /etc/logrotate.d/gitlab
Check Application Status

Check if GitLab and its environment are configured correctly:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:env:info RAILS_ENV=production
Start Your GitLab Instance

sudo service gitlab start
# or
sudo /etc/init.d/gitlab restart
Compile assets

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake assets:precompile RAILS_ENV=production
7. Nginx
Note: Nginx is the officially supported web server for GitLab. If you cannot or do not want to use Nginx as your web server, have a look at the GitLab recipes.

Installation

sudo apt-get install -y nginx
Site Configuration

Download an example site config:

sudo cp lib/support/nginx/gitlab /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/gitlab
Make sure to edit the config file to match your setup:

# Change YOUR_SERVER_FQDN to the fully-qualified
# domain name of your host serving GitLab. 这里将YOUR_SERVER_FQDN改成前面的domainname，nginx默认采用80端口
sudo editor /etc/nginx/sites-available/gitlab
Restart

sudo service nginx restart
Done!
Double-check Application Status

To make sure you didn't miss anything run a more thorough check with:

sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:check RAILS_ENV=production
If all items are green, then congratulations on successfully installing GitLab! 全是绿的，说明没有出错。

Initial Login

Visit YOUR_SERVER in your web browser for your first GitLab login. The setup has created an admin account for you. You can use it to log in:

admin@local.host
5iveL!fe
Important Note: Please go over to your profile page and immediately change the password, so nobody can access your GitLab by using this login information later on.

Enjoy!