springcloud+springboot+Eureka+Feign+Ribbon+Hystrix+Zuul

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-17 22:33:17 发布

木炎2019

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-17 22:33:17 发布

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分类专栏： springcloud 微服务文章标签： springcloud springboot eureka feign ribbon

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiaming08240316/article/details/86131426

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Springcloud集成Eureka

Eureka服务端和客户端

本实例采用springboot,eureka和feign/ribbon,hystrix，zuul，mybatis,redis

1. 新建项目springcloud-muyan-service-common-dependencies,这个项目只是统一管理pom中的jar，详细的pom文件为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.muyan</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-muyan-service-dependencies</name>
    <url>http://www.funtl.com</url>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <properties>
        <!-- Environment Settings -->
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <!-- Spring Settings -->
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RC1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.1</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
                <version>8.0.11</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- alibaba的druid数据库连接池 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>1.1.0</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Compiler 插件, 设定 JDK 版本 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- 打包 jar 文件时，配置 manifest 文件，加入 lib 包的 jar 依赖 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <configuration>
                            <archive>
                                <manifest>
                                    <!-- Add directory entries -->
                                    <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
                                    <addDefaultSpecificationEntries>true</addDefaultSpecificationEntries>
                                    <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                                </manifest>
                            </archive>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <!-- resource -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- install -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- clean -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- ant -->
            <!--<plugin>-->
                <!--<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>-->
                <!--<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>-->
            <!--</plugin>-->

            <!-- dependency -->
            <!--<plugin>-->
                <!--<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>-->
                <!--<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>-->
            <!--</plugin>-->
        </plugins>

        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- Java Document Generate -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>jar</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>

                <!-- YUI Compressor (CSS/JS压缩) -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>net.alchim31.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>yuicompressor-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>1.5.1</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>compress</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                    <configuration>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                        <jswarn>false</jswarn>
                        <nosuffix>true</nosuffix>
                        <linebreakpos>30000</linebreakpos>
                        <force>true</force>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*.js</include>
                            <include>**/*.css</include>
                        </includes>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.js</exclude>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.css</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <!-- 资源文件配置 -->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos-s</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</project>

2. 新建一个注册中心，让其他的服务能够将服务暴露在注册中心上，所以此处新建项目springcloud-muyan-service-eureka

2.1 在pom文件中加入jar依赖下面为详细的pom文件，主要是引入

    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

详细的pom如下：


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.muyan</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../springcloud-muyan-service-common-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-eureka</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-muyan-service-eureka</name>
    <description>eureka server</description>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.springcloud.muyan.service.eureke.EurekaApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2.2 因为此项目只是作为一个注册中心，所以不需要过多的代码，只需要启动此项目，并说明是注册中心，所以在项目的启动类上加上Eureka的注解@EnableEurekaServer表示为注册中心服务,下面为详细代码：

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

/**
 * @ClassName EurekaApplication
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 14:53
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class,args);
    }
}

2.3 在配置文件中做些说明，提供对外服务名称，具体暴露服务的ip和端口，在application.yml中加入Eureka的配置，详见如下：

说明：因为此项目本身就是个服务，需要别的服务来注册到自己的项目上，本身自己不需要向注册自己注册自己，所以加上registerWithEureka: false和fetchRegistry: false

spring:
  application:
    # 对外的服务名
    name: springcloud-muyan-service-eureka

server:
  #分配端口
  port: 8001

eureka:
  instance:
    #eureka的主机
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    #不向注册中心注册自己
    registerWithEureka: false 
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      #对外提供的服务地址
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

2.4 启动此项目，通过地址查看Eureka是否启动成功,http://localhost:8081,如下图所以表示我们的注册中心启动正常，只是我们还没有写任何服务，所以都是空的。

3. 我们注册中心已经完成了，现在我们需要建立服务提供方，新建项目springcloud-muyan-service-provider，取名为服务，所以我们就上全套，在此服务和后台数据库交互，查出来数据和写一条数据，并且我们也加入缓存机制，所以我们既要引入Eureka的客户端，还要引入Mybatis和Redis

3.1 在pom文件中加入Eureka的相关jar，详细内容如下：因为我们的常用jar都在项目common-dependeance,所以我们加入

<parent>
        <groupId>com.muyan</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../springcloud-muyan-service-common-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

注意：我们新建的是服务，所以必须引入web和jdbc、mysql、redis，下面是详细的pom文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.muyan</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../springcloud-muyan-service-common-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-provider</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-muyan-service-provider</name>
    <description>eureka provider client</description>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <version>8.0.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- alibaba的druid数据库连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--redis缓存-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
            <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0</version>
            <type>jar</type>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.springcloud.muyan.service.ProviderApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3.2 下面我们介绍一下服务提供者的具体配置文件，首先应该是数据库的配置，因为我们是要具体链接数据库的，这个大家都知道和springmvc区别不大，只是yml和properties的书写方式不同、完了就是redis的配置了，自己安装一个redis并启动起来，在此处链接到redis即可、完了就是向哪个注册中心去注册，当然是我们刚刚写好的注册中心了，还记得吗我们的端口是

#eureka的配置
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/

还有就是告诉系统我们的mybatis的配置文件在哪里，因为一般情况mybatis默认不打印sql，所以我们加入logging.level
在resources文件夹下的application.xml中的配置如下

spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-muyan-service-provider
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/world?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false
    #GMT%2B8代表： 东八区
    username: root
    password: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    filters: stat
    maxActive: 20
    initialSize: 1
    maxWait: 60000
    minIdle: 1
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: select 'x'
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true
    maxOpenPreparedStatements: 20
  redis:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 6379
    password:
    timeout: 1000
    database: 0
    jedis:
      pool:
        max-active: 10
        max-idle: 8
        min-idle: 2
        max-wait: 100
server:
  port: 8082
#eureka的配置
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/
mybatis:
  mapperLocations: classpath:config/*.xml
  typeAliasesPackage: com.springcloud.muyan.service.dao
#日志输出mybatis里面的sql
logging:
  level:
    com.springcloud.muyan.service.dao: debug

3.3 因为是服务提供者，本实例中加入redis和mybatis，所以在resources下新建config文件夹，用来存放mapper的xml文件,名称为UserMapper.xml，此处我们默认mybatis的基础知识大家都已经掌握的差不多了，如果不懂的同学，先去学习一些mybatis在springmvc中的使用。

切记在springboot中，所以的配置文件必须放到resources下面，不能再java下面

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.springcloud.muyan.service.dao.UserMapper">
    <!-- 获取用户中所有的信息-->
    <select id="getUser"  resultType="com.springcloud.muyan.service.pojo.UserPojo" >
        select * from user_t
    </select>

    <!-- 新增一条用户信息到数据库中 -->
    <insert id="insertUser" useGeneratedKeys="false" parameterType="com.springcloud.muyan.service.pojo.UserPojo" >
        insert into user_t(username,password,age) values (#{userName},#{password},#{age})
    </insert>
</mapper>

3.4 此处我们是单表的增删改查，所以我们新建实体类，此处为UserPojo,内容详见下：

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @ClassName UserPojo
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 17:29
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class UserPojo  implements Serializable {
    //id
    private int id;
    //用户名
    private String userName;
    //密码
    private String password;
    //年龄
    private int age;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "World[id="+id+",userName="+userName+",password="+password+",age="+age+"]";
    }

}

3.5 编写完了UserMapper的xml文件，那我们新建与之对应的接口，新建mapper.xml文件的接口UserMapper.java

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.dao;

import com.springcloud.muyan.service.pojo.UserPojo;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @InterfaceName UserMapper
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 17:28
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {

    //获取用户中所有的信息
    public List<UserPojo> getUser();

    //新增一条用户信息到数据库中
    public void insertUser(UserPojo userPojo);
}

3.6 有了mapper，那我们是不是该写业务层了，那我们新建service接口和service接口的实现类

因为我们使用了redis，所以在业务层我们加入redis的注解@Cacheable(value="allUserInfo")和@CacheEvict(value = "allUserInfo" ,allEntries = true),Spring为我们提供了几个注解来支持Spring Cache。其核心主要是@Cacheable和@CacheEvict。使用@Cacheable标记的方法在执行后Spring Cache将缓存其返回结果，而使用@CacheEvict标记的方法会在方法执行前或者执行后移除Spring Cache中的某些元素

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.service;

import com.springcloud.muyan.service.pojo.UserPojo;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @InterfaceName ProviderService
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 17:05
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public interface ProviderService {

    //获取用户中所有的信息
    public List<UserPojo> getUser();

    //新增一条用户信息到数据库中
    public void insertUser(UserPojo userPojo);
}

实现类：

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.service.impl;

import com.springcloud.muyan.service.dao.UserMapper;
import com.springcloud.muyan.service.pojo.UserPojo;
import com.springcloud.muyan.service.service.ProviderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ClassName ProviderServiceImpl
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 17:05
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Service
public class ProviderServiceImpl implements ProviderService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    /**
     * 获取用户中所有的信息
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    @Cacheable(value="allUserInfo")
    public List<UserPojo> getUser(){
//        System.out.println("开始查询.....");
//        try {
//            Thread.sleep(3 * 1000l);
//        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//            e.printStackTrace();
//        }
//        System.out.println("查询结束......");
        return userMapper.getUser();
    }


    /**
     * 新增一条用户信息到数据库中
     * @param userPojo
     * 说明：
     * 1：采用redis中的CacheEvict，新增一条数据之后，必须清除整个获取用户的redis缓存，这样保证数据每次都是最新的
     * 2：allEntries是否刷新所有的缓存，设置为false，不刷新所有，只刷新当前这一个缓存
     */
    @Override
    @Transactional
    @CacheEvict(value = "allUserInfo" ,allEntries = true)
    public void insertUser(UserPojo userPojo) {
        System.out.println( "新增用户的信息为：username=" + userPojo.getUserName() + ",password=" + userPojo.getPassword() + ",age=" + userPojo.getAge() );
        userMapper.insertUser(userPojo);
    }
}

3.7 有了业务层，我们需要一个controller新建providerController，里面就三个方法啊，第一个是获取端口号，第二个是查询所有数据到前台，最后一个方法是向数据库中插入一条数据。用来调用service

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.controller;

import com.springcloud.muyan.service.pojo.UserPojo;
import com.springcloud.muyan.service.service.ProviderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ClassName ProviderController
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 15:10
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@RestController
public class ProviderController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String port;

    @Autowired
    private ProviderService providerService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "getName", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getName(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name){
        String result = "获取的名字是：" + name + ",端口是：" + port;
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 获取所有用户信息
     * @Author muyan
     * @param
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "getUser",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<UserPojo> getUser(){
        long beginTime=System.currentTimeMillis();
        List<UserPojo> list  = providerService.getUser();
        long time=System.currentTimeMillis()-beginTime;
        System.out.println("消耗查询的时间为:" + time);
        return list;
    }


    /**
     * 新增用户
     * @Author muyan
     * @param userPojo
     * @return
     * 说明:
     * 参数传递是的是对象，所以此处必须是用@RequestBody修饰参数，否则会出现参数传递是空
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/insertUser")
    public String insertUser(@RequestBody UserPojo userPojo){
        String result = "新增成功";
        try {
            System.out.println( "controller===>新增用户的信息为：username=" + userPojo.getUserName() + ",password=" + userPojo.getPassword() + ",age=" + userPojo.getAge() );
            providerService.insertUser( userPojo );
        }catch (Exception e){
            result = "新增失败";
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }
}

3.8 一切貌似都已经合情合理了，那我们就准备启动，所以在启动类上，我们需要做些注解，告诉spring我们要启动加载哪些东西，编写启动类，启动类上要加入注解@EnableEurekaClient和@MapperScan，是EnaleEnrekaClient不在是Server了。

package com.springcloud.muyan.service;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

/**
 * @ClassName ProviderApplication
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 15:09
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@ComponentScan("com.springcloud.muyan.service")
@MapperScan(value = {"classpath:config/*.xml","com.springcloud.muyan.service.dao"})
public class ProviderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class,args);
    }

    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    public DataSource druidDataSource(){
        DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        return  druidDataSource;
    }
}

做完了我们是不是该试一下了，看看我们的服务能够正常启动，并注册到注册中心上。我们先看我们的Eureka注册中心 http://localhost:8081 出现在注册中心了，表示注册没问题，那我们访问以下controller，看看里面调用方法是否合适。没问题，返回似乎xml而不是我们要的json，那我们做个处理，只需要在方法的requestMapping里面加入produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"}，完了重启再访问,好了一个服务可以了，我们此处加入redis，那我们再测试一下redis是不是合适，我们再controller中有调用service之前取系统时间，和调用之后的时间，完了相减看出耗费的时间，并在redis客户端查看，

@RequestMapping(value = "getUser",method = RequestMethod.GET,produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"})
    public List<UserPojo> getUser(){
        long beginTime=System.currentTimeMillis();
        List<UserPojo> list  = providerService.getUser();
        long time=System.currentTimeMillis()-beginTime;
        System.out.println("消耗查询的时间为:" + time);
        return list;
    }

注意看图中绿色文字说明，一目了然。

4: 既然已经有了服务了，那我们是不是可以再写服务来相互调用了，原谅我的懒惰，我就不再写一个复杂服务了，因为要集成mybatis和redis等，作为实例我随便写个简单的服务，此处模拟一个消费方来远程调用我们刚编写好的服务类。新建消费方，本实例只做了一个服务和一个消费方，消费方调用有两种实现方法RestTemplate+Ribbon和Feign,下面就分别介绍两种调用方法，先看Feign的方法

4.1 新建服务消费方springcloud-muyan-service-web-feign,主要是依赖feign包，故此我们需要加入

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

详细的pom文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.muyan</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../springcloud-muyan-service-common-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-web-feign</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-muyan-service-web-feign</name>
    <description>eureka cosumer client for feign</description>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->

        <!-- 解决 thymeleaf 模板引擎一定要执行严格的 html5 格式校验问题 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId>
            <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--hystrix依赖，主要是用  @HystrixCommand -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hystrix 仪表盘 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.WebFeignApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

4.2 配置文件也没别的过多说明，只是将自己注册到Eureka的服务中，新建配置文件application.xml

spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-muyan-service-web-feign
  thymeleaf:
    cache: false
    mode: LEGACYHTML5
    encoding: UTF-8
    servlet:
      content-type: text/html

server:
  port: 10003

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/

#开启feign支持hystrix  (注意，一定要开启，旧版本默认支持，新版本默认关闭)
# #修改调用超时时间（默认是1秒就算超时）
# 设置为true表示开启熔断hystrix，设置false表示关闭熔断机制
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
  client:
    config:
      default:
        connectTimeout: 10000 #10s就超时
        readTimeout: 10000

4.3 新建实体类UserPojo

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @ClassName UserPojo
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 18:25
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class UserPojo  implements Serializable {

    //id
    private int id;

    //用户名
    private String userName;
    //密码
    private String password;
    //年龄
    private int age;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "World[id="+id+",userName="+userName+",password="+password+",age="+age+"]";
    }

}

4.4 负责的服务需要自己再编写该服务的service和mybatis，此处只是展示如何调用远程服务，所以此服务的service层和mapper层都省略，新建service接口，专门负责调用远程服务，需要把调用的远程服务的接口声明到这里，这是feign调用远程服务的方式

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.services;

import com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.pojo.UserPojo;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @InterfaceName FeignService
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 16:39
 * @Version 1.0
 * fallback = FeignClientFallback.class，后面是你自定义的降级处理类，降级类一定要实现FeignService
 * 采用feign方法调用远程服务，必须编写一个接口，此接口声明需要调用远端服务的声明方法，
 * FeignClient中的value为调用远程服务的名称
 **/
@FeignClient(value = "springcloud-muyan-service-provider" ,fallback = FeignClientFallback.class)
public interface FeignService {

    @RequestMapping(value = "getName",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getName(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);

    @RequestMapping(value = "getUser",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<UserPojo> getUser();

    @RequestMapping(value = "insertUser")
    public String insertUser(@RequestBody UserPojo userPojo);
}

不知道同学们有没有发现新奇之处，这里采用一个注解@FeignClient，value里面是要调用哪个服务，我们调用是我们新建的服务Provider,我们已经启动的服务查看自己的服务名在哪里呢，对就在每个服务自己的application.yml文件中，我们的服务名叫：

spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-muyan-service-provider

我们的value的值刚好是这个里面的name，他会告诉feign到注册中心找名字为springcloud-muyan-service-provider的服务，通过注册中心会找到我们需要的服务，而不管我们的服务是在那台机器上，端口是多少，这不是我们消费方该管的，我们只需告诉注册中心服务名就可以实现调用远程服务，神奇吧。“没办法就是这么强大哈哈哈” 完了在这个类中给需要调用的远程服务编写一个接口，因为我们的服务提供类中有三个方法，所以我们此处也编写这三个方法的接口。

不知道有没有同学想过，如果我们消费方调用服务提供方，如果服务挂掉了怎么办，会出现上面情况呢，大家有没有碰到，对！会出现浏览器转圈，等待超时，这对我们互联网访问是不允许的，不能让用户在电脑旁边等待呀，那怎么办呢，这里就有给大家说说熔断机制了，这里采用Hystrix,相信大家已经发现我们pom文件中加入了

<!--hystrix依赖，主要是用  @HystrixCommand -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Hystrix 仪表盘 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

并且我们再FeignService中加入了fallback = FeignClientFallback.class,这样告诉系统，如果调用远程服务出现任何错误问题导致失败时，执行类FeignClientFallback，那我们看看这个类里到底有什么

4.5 因为我们采用熔断机制hystrix，所以我们要用服务的降级处理，所以我们新建类FeignClientFallback类，这个类是给那个远程接口降级，那我们就实现哪个接口，它是对降级接口的处理，所以要实现类FeignService

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.services;

import com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.pojo.UserPojo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 针对调用远端服务，错降级处理
 * @ClassName FeignClientFallback
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2019/1/2 19:05
 * @Version 1.0
 * 因为是对FeignService进行降级处理，所以必须实现目标的接口，符合面向接口变成规范
 **/
@Component
public class FeignClientFallback implements  FeignService{
    @Override
    public String getName(String name) {
        String message = "调用springcloud-muyan-service-provider服务失败，熔断getName方法";
        System.out.println( "调用springcloud-muyan-service-provider服务失败，熔断getName方法" );
        return message;
    }

    @Override
    public List<UserPojo> getUser() {
        System.out.println( "请求超时，熔断getUser方法" );
        UserPojo userPojo = new UserPojo();
        List<UserPojo> list = new ArrayList<UserPojo>(  );
        list.add( userPojo );
        return list;
    }

    @Override
    public String insertUser(UserPojo userPojo) {
        String message = "调用springcloud-muyan-service-provider服务失败，熔断insertUser方法";
        System.out.println( "调用springcloud-muyan-service-provider服务失败，熔断insertUser方法" );
        return message;
    }
}

这样我们调用任何一个远程失败，我们都立即给浏览器返回接口调用异常，请稍后重试等提示。为了我们可以经常监控哪些服务在哪些服务下会经常性的失败，我们加入hystrix的仪表盘，用于监控！并且可以配置多长时间返回给客户端，为此我们在application.yml中加入以下配置:

#开启feign支持hystrix  (注意，一定要开启，旧版本默认支持，新版本默认关闭)
# #修改调用超时时间（默认是1秒就算超时）
# 设置为true表示开启熔断hystrix，设置false表示关闭熔断机制
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
  client:
    config:
      default:
        connectTimeout: 10000 #10s就超时
        readTimeout: 10000

4.6 对熔断机制我们要做监控，所以加入熔断仪表盘，新建类HystrixDashboardConfiguration

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.config;

import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.metrics.eventstream.HystrixMetricsStreamServlet;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @ClassName HystrixDashboardConfiguration
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2019/1/3 10:40
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Configuration
public class HystrixDashboardConfiguration {

    /**
     * 因为此处springboot里面没有web.xml，所以此处采用代码注册一下servlet
     * servlet的名称是：HystrixMetricsStreamServlet
     * servlet的url为：hystrix.stream
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean getServlet(){
        HystrixMetricsStreamServlet hystrixMetricsStreamServlet = new HystrixMetricsStreamServlet();
        ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean( hystrixMetricsStreamServlet );
        servletRegistrationBean.setLoadOnStartup( 1 );
        servletRegistrationBean.addUrlMappings( "/hystrix.stream" );
        servletRegistrationBean.setName( "HystrixMetricsStreamServlet" );
        return  servletRegistrationBean;
    }
}

4.7 说了这么多，我们换没有新建我们的controller了，新建feign的controller类，用来通过feign调用远程服务

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.controller;

import com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.pojo.UserPojo;
import com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign.services.FeignService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @ClassName FeignController
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 16:41
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@RestController
public class FeignController {

    @Autowired
    private FeignService feignService;

    /**
     * 获取具体调用哪个微服务，如果后台将provider服务启动两个端口，多次调用，会打印不同的微服务端口，模拟负载均衡
     * @param name
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getName",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getName(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name){
        return  feignService.getName(name);
    }

    /**
     * 从provider服务中获取所有用户信息
     * 这里加了produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"}  可以将后台查询出来的结果，从xml变成json
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getUser",method = RequestMethod.GET,produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"})
    public List<UserPojo> getUser(){
        return feignService.getUser();
    }

    /**
     * 向远处服务发送新增一条用户请求
     * @param name
     * @param password
     * @param age
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "insertUser",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String insertUser(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name,
                             @RequestParam(value = "password") String password,
                             @RequestParam(value = "age") int age){
        UserPojo userPojo  = new UserPojo();
        userPojo.setUserName( name );
        userPojo.setPassword( password );
        userPojo.setAge( age );
        System.out.println( "客户端===》新增用户的信息为：username=" + userPojo.getUserName() + ",password=" + userPojo.getPassword() + ",age=" + userPojo.getAge() );
        return feignService.insertUser( userPojo );
    }


}

4.8 启动类需要加入一些特殊的注解@EnableDiscoveryClient,@EnableFeignClients,@EnableCircuitBreaker,@EnableHystrixDashboard告诉spring启动的时候我们要启动hystrix的相关服务。

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.feign;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

/**
 * @ClassName WebFeignApplication
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 16:35
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
//添加熔断降级注解
@EnableCircuitBreaker
//开启熔断器仪表盘监控
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class WebFeignApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(WebFeignApplication.class,args);
    }
}

先启动我们看看Eurek服务中是不是已经注册进去了访问http://localhost:8001

为了模拟集群，我们需要模拟将我们的服务部署到不同的虚拟机上，我们启动两次我们的服务，只是将我们服务的application.yml中的server.port修改为不同的值，再次启动服务我们访问http://localhost:8001 我们访问我们的服务消费方localhost:10003来调用远程服务，先测试负载均衡是不是实现了访问集群每次访问以下，调用不同的服务，采用轮训的客户端负载均衡，这和nginx的服务端负载均衡不一样。再调用远程的服务获取用户所有信息那我们再试试熔断机制，将其中的一个服务停了，再访问试试，会出现以下情况这是什么情况呢：因为我们再熔断机制中实现了这个方法。

@Override
    public List<UserPojo> getUser() {
        System.out.println( "请求超时，熔断getUser方法" );
        UserPojo userPojo = new UserPojo();
        List<UserPojo> list = new ArrayList<UserPojo>(  );
        list.add( userPojo );
        return list;
    }

我们判断如果调用失败，返回个空的结果给浏览器。

我们再看看熔断监控，我们访问http://localhost:10003/hystrix 填写完dashboard访问地址之后，填写title，点击Monitor Stream查看具体监控

说完了feign的调用方式，那我们再简单看看ribbon的方式。

5 采用resttemplate+ribbon的方法调用远程服务,新建项目springcloud-muyan-service-web-ribbon

5.1 新建pom文件，具体内容包括主要是加入

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

详细的pom文件内容为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.muyan</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../springcloud-muyan-service-common-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-web-ribbon</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-muyan-service-web-ribbon</name>
    <description>eureka consumer client for ribbon</description>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->

        <!-- 解决 thymeleaf 模板引擎一定要执行严格的 html5 格式校验问题 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId>
            <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--hystrix依赖，主要是用  @HystrixCommand -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Hystrix 仪表盘 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon.WebRibbonApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

5.2 还是老样子，接下来我们需要看一下配置文件，新建application.xml，用来加入配置

spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-muyan-service-web-ribbom
  thymeleaf:
    cache: false
    mode: LEGACYHTML5
    encoding: UTF-8
    servlet:
      content-type: text/html

server:
  port: 10002

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/

5.3 唯一和feign相差大的是因为ribbon需要借助于类RestTemplate,我们只使用了RestTemplate中最简单的一个功能getForEntity发起了一个get请求去调用服务端的数据，同时，我们还通过配置@LoadBalanced注解开启客户端负载均衡，RestTemplate的功能不可谓不强大,新建初始化resttemplate,新建类RestTemplateConfiguration类

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * @ClassName RestTemplateConfiguration
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 15:51
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfiguration {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return  new RestTemplate();
    }
}

注意：@LoadBalanced，就是因为加了这个的注解，是的ribbon可以实现轮训的客户端负载均衡。

5.4 和feign一样新建一个实体类UserPojo，方便我们传递参数

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon.pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @ClassName UserPojo
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2019/1/3 15:57
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
public class UserPojo  implements Serializable {

    //id
    private int id;

    //用户名
    private String userName;
    //密码
    private String password;
    //年龄
    private int age;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "World[id="+id+",userName="+userName+",password="+password+",age="+age+"]";
    }
}

5.5 和feign一样，调用远程需要借助单独的类和接口，feign是编写一个接口，而ribbon是编写一个类RibbonServices，在这个类中我们就可以通过resttemplate来调用远程服务

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon.service;

import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.javanica.annotation.HystrixCommand;
import com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon.pojo.UserPojo;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ClassName RibbonServices
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 15:53
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Service
public class RibbonServices {

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "failGetName")
    public String getName(String name){
        System.out.println("name======" + name);
        return  restTemplate.getForObject("http://springcloud-muyan-service-provider/getName?name="+name,String.class);
    }


    @HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "failGetUser")
    public List<UserPojo> getUser(){
        return  restTemplate.getForObject( "http://springcloud-muyan-service-provider/getUser",List.class );
    }

    public List<UserPojo> failGetUser(){
        UserPojo userPojo = new UserPojo();
        List<UserPojo> list = new ArrayList<UserPojo>(  );
        System.out.println( "调用远程服务springcloud-muyan-service-provider失败，熔断getUser方法" );
        return list;
    }

    public String failGetName(){
        return "调用远程服务springcloud-muyan-service-provider失败，熔断getName方法";
    }
}

说明：和feign一样，我们加入了熔断机制，所以此处我们要加上注解@HystrixCommand,里面的fallbackmethod来实现熔断降级之后的处理方法

5.6 编写ribbon的controller类

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon.controller;

import com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon.pojo.UserPojo;
import com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon.service.RibbonServices;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @ClassName RibbonController
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 15:50
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@RestController
public class RibbonController {

    @Autowired
    private RibbonServices ribbonServices;

    @RequestMapping(value = "getName",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getName(@RequestParam String name){
        return ribbonServices.getName(name);
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "getUser",method = RequestMethod.GET,produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"})
    public List<UserPojo> getUser(){
        return  ribbonServices.getUser();
    }


}

5.7 启动类，需要加入如下的注解@EnableDiscoveryClient,@EnableHystrix,@EnableHystrixDashboard

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.web.ribbon;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.EnableHystrix;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.dashboard.EnableHystrixDashboard;

/**
 * @ClassName WebRibbonApplication
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2018/12/29 15:47
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableHystrix
@EnableHystrixDashboard
public class WebRibbonApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(WebRibbonApplication.class,args);
    }
}

< 不知道大家有没有发现问题，ribbon采用get方式拼接参数，那如果参数很多怎么办，是不是很麻烦，并且还要借助RestTemplate类。是不是此时觉得feign要好很多，其实呢，feign是在ribbon的基础上做了封装而已，所以他们都能实现负载均衡。要想了解这哥俩的详细信息，大家可以自己上网查查！

6: 网关Zuul在微服务中的使用

在 SpringCloud 体系中，Zuul 担任着网关的角色，对发送到服务端的请求进行一些预处理，比如安全验证、动态路由、负载分配等，这里我们只是简单的做个动态路由

6.1 新建项目springcloud-muyan-service-zuul,主要是依赖jar包为：

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

具体的pom文件为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.muyan</groupId>
        <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../springcloud-muyan-service-common-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>springcloud-muyan-service-zuul</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud-muyan-service-zuul</name>
    <description>eureka client for zuul</description>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.springcloud.muyan.service.zuul.ZuulApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

6.2 因为zuul只是个相当于过滤器的作用，所以项目中过多的代码不用，先看配置文件，编写application.yml文件，

spring:
  application:
    name: springcloud-muyan-service-zuul

server:
  port: 10004
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8001/eureka/
zuul:
  routes:
    feign:
      path: /feign/**
      serviceId: springcloud-muyan-service-web-feign
    ribbon:
      path: /ribbon/**
      serviceId: springcloud-muyan-service-web-ribbom

这里加入routes，当path为/feign/**时，将请求连接到feign的请求服务中去，而当path的值为/ribbon/**时，将请求连接到ribbon的请求服务中去，这样可以简单实现动态路由的作用，详细的待大家详细去了解。

6.3 在启动类上加上注解@EnableZuulProxy,是的项目启动的时候能够加载Zuul

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.zuul;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

/**
 * @ClassName ZuulApplication
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2019/1/3 15:48
 * @Version 1.0
 **/

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ZuulApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run( ZuulApplication.class,args );
    }
}

这样会出现个问题，由于网络或者其他原因导致我们的zuul跳转有时候会失败，为此我们加入一个fallback，让其失败之后我们重新做定向。我们此处分配了两个路由连接feign和ribbon，所以为此我们必须写两个fallback，分别做失败之后的处理

6.4 新建类WebFeignFallbackProvider实现FallbackProvider这个接口，具体实现参照下方代码：

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.zuul.fallback;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.route.FallbackProvider;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @ClassName WebFeignFallbackProvider
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2019/1/3 17:24
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Component
public class WebFeignFallbackProvider implements FallbackProvider {
    @Override
    public String getRoute() {
        return "springcloud-muyan-service-web-feign";
    }

    /**
     * 请求服务失败，则返回指定的信息给调用者
     * @param route
     * @param cause
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse fallbackResponse(String route, Throwable cause) {
        return new ClientHttpResponse(){
            @Override
            public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
                return HttpStatus.OK;
            }

            @Override
            public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
                return HttpStatus.OK.value();
            }

            @Override
            public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
                return HttpStatus.OK.getReasonPhrase();
            }

            @Override
            public void close() {

            }

            @Override
            public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
                ObjectMapper ob = new ObjectMapper(  );
                Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>(  );
                map.put( "status",200 );
                map.put( "message","网络异常，连接失败！" );
                return new ByteArrayInputStream(ob.writeValueAsString( map ).getBytes("UTF-8"));
            }

            @Override
            public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
                HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
                httpHeaders.setContentType( MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8 );
                return httpHeaders;
            }
        };
    }
}

ribbon的实现类为：

package com.springcloud.muyan.service.zuul.fallback;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.filters.route.FallbackProvider;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @ClassName WebRibbonFallbackProvider
 * @Description
 * @Author muyan
 * @Date2019/1/3 17:35
 * @Version 1.0
 **/
@Component
public class WebRibbonFallbackProvider implements FallbackProvider {

    @Override
    public String getRoute() {
        return "springcloud-muyan-service-web-ribbom";
    }

    /**
     * 请求服务失败，则返回指定的信息给调用者
     * @param route
     * @param cause
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse fallbackResponse(String route, Throwable cause) {
        return new ClientHttpResponse(){
            @Override
            public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
                return HttpStatus.OK;
            }

            @Override
            public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
                return HttpStatus.OK.value();
            }

            @Override
            public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
                return HttpStatus.OK.getReasonPhrase();
            }

            @Override
            public void close() {

            }

            @Override
            public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
                ObjectMapper ob = new ObjectMapper(  );
                Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>(  );
                map.put( "status",200 );
                map.put( "message","网络异常，连接失败！" );
                return new ByteArrayInputStream(ob.writeValueAsString( map ).getBytes("UTF-8"));
            }

            @Override
            public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
                HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
                httpHeaders.setContentType( MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8 );
                return httpHeaders;
            }
        };
    }
}

访问先用/feigin/**

访问再用/ribbon/**

调用新增

代码下载地址：

https://github.com/muyan2019/SpringCloud

木炎2019

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springcloud+springboot+Eureka+Feign+Ribbon+Hystrix+Zuul

Springcloud集成EurekaEureka服务端和客户端本实例采用springboot,eureka和feign/ribbon,hystrix，zuul，mybatis,redis1. 新建项目springcloud-muyan-service-common-dependencies,这个项目只是统一管理pom中的jar，详细的pom文件为：<?xml vers...
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