在驱动程序中初始化入口函数中,向内核注册一个设备后,往往要注册一个类
例如
static int __init mydriver_init(void) //驱动程序的初始化
{
……
MYDRIVER_Major = register_chrdev(0, DEVICE_NAME, &mydriver_fops); //向内核注册一个设备,返回值为注册的主设备号
if (MYDRIVER_Major < 0)
{
printk(DEVICE_NAME " can't register major number\n");
return MYDRIVER_Major;
}
……
mydriver_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, DEVICE_NAME); //注册一个类,使mdev可以在"/dev/"目录下 面建立设备节点
……
//创建一个设备节点,节点名为DEVICE_NAME
device_create(mydriver_class, NULL, MKDEV(MYDRIVER_Major, 0), NULL, DEVICE_NAME);
……
}
从linux内核2.6的某个版本之后,devfs不复存在,udev成为devfs的 替代。相比devfs,udev有很多优势,在此就不罗嗦了,提醒一点,udev是应用层的东东,不要试图在内核的配置选项里找到它;加入对udev的支 持很简单,以作者所写的一个字符设备驱动为例,在驱动初始化的代码里调用class_create为该设备创建一个class,再为每个设备调用 class_device_create创建对应的设备。大致用法如下:
struct class *myclass = class_create(THIS_MODULE, “my_device_driver”);
class_device_create(myclass, NULL, MKDEV(major_num, 0), NULL, “my_device”);
这样的module被加载时,udev daemon就会自动在/dev下创建my_device设备文件。
class_create()
-------------------------------------------------
linux-2.6.22/include/linux/device.h
struct class *class_create(struct module *owner, const char *name)
class_create - create a struct class structure
@owner: pointer to the module that is to "own" this struct class
@name: pointer to a string for the name of this class.
在/sys/class/下创建类目录
class_device_create()
-------------------------------------------------
linux-2.6.22/include/linux/device.h
struct class_device *class_device_create(struct class *cls,
struct class_device *parent,
dev_t devt,
struct device *device,
const char *fmt, ...)
class_device_create - creates a class device and registers it with sysfs
@cls: pointer to the struct class that this device should be registered to.
@parent: pointer to the parent struct class_device of this new device, if any.
@devt: the dev_t for the char device to be added.
@device: a pointer to a struct device that is assiociated with this class device.
@fmt: string for the class device's name
对于没有指定dev->parent的dev都将被添加到/sys/devices/virtual/tty/ 目录下,如果指定了dev->parent,那么同时该dev->class存在,同时parent->class存在,那么该dev->name目录将被添加到parent->class所在目录下
****@*****:~$
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 2009-06-30 09:40 /sys/class/tty/console->../../devices/virtual/tty/console
****@*****:~$ ls -a/sys/devices/virtual/tty/console/
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4.0K 2009-06-30 10:51 uevent
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 0 2009-06-30 10:51 power
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 2009-06-30 10:57 subsystem-> ../../../../class/tty
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 4.0K 2009-06-30 10:57 dev
来看看linux2.6.25内核源码,是怎么做得.
device_create(tty_class, NULL, MKDEV(TTYAUX_MAJOR, 1),"console");
==>device_register
==>device_add
==>setup_parent
==>get_device_parent
==>dev->kobj.parent= kobj("/sys/devices/virtual/tty");//所以所有的文件添加都将指向该目录
#ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED
static struct kobject *get_device_parent(struct device*dev,
{
}
#else
static struct kobject*get_device_parent(struct device *dev,
{
// 名在/sys/devices/virtual/目录下创建以tty_class的name为目录名的目录[luther.gliethttp]
}
#endif