《利用Python进行数据分析》第二章pivot_table报错问题

学习《利用Python进行数据分析》第二章的时候，处理1880-2010年间全美婴儿姓名数据，有句代码总是报错：

<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">total_births<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">=</span>names<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>pivot_table(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'births'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">rows</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">=</span><span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'year'</span>,cols<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">=</span><span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'sex'</span>,aggfunc<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">=</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">sum</span>)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

报错信息如下：

<code class="hljs sql has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">Traceback (most recent <span class="hljs-operator" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">call</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">last</span>):


  File <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<ipython-input-75-8bbcd2a6b8ca>"</span>, line <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">in</span> <<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">module</span>>
    total_births=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">names</span>.pivot_table(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'births'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">rows</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'year'</span>,cols=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'sex'</span>,aggfunc=<span class="hljs-aggregate" style="box-sizing: border-box;">sum</span>)


TypeError: pivot_table() got an unexpected keyword argument <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'rows'</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>

查了有关资料，将rows改成index，cols写成全名”columns”:

<code class="hljs axapta has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">total_births=names.pivot_table(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'births'</span>,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">index</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'year'</span>,columns=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'sex'</span>,aggfunc=<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">sum</span>) </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

便可得到正确处理结果：