/*
带符号合并行列转换(2007-11-19于海南三亚)
有表tb,其数据如下:
a b
1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
2 2
3 1
如何转换成如下结果:
a b
1 1,2,3
2 1,2
3 1
*/
create table tb
(
a int,
b int
)
insert into tb(a,b) values(1,1)
insert into tb(a,b) values(1,2)
insert into tb(a,b) values(1,3)
insert into tb(a,b) values(2,1)
insert into tb(a,b) values(2,2)
insert into tb(a,b) values(3,1)
go
--创建一个合并的函数
create function f_hb(@a int)
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + ',' + cast(b as varchar) from tb where a = @a
set @str = right(@str , len(@str) - 1)
return(@str)
End
go
--调用自定义函数得到结果:
select distinct a ,dbo.f_hb(a) as b from tb
drop table tb
drop function f_hb
/*
结果
a b
----------- ------
1 1,2,3
2 1,2
3 1
(所影响的行数为 3 行)
*/
----------------------------------------------------
/*
多个前列的合并
数据的原始状态如下:
ID PR CON OP SC
001 p c 差 6
001 p c 好 2
001 p c 一般 4
002 w e 差 8
002 w e 好 7
002 w e 一般 1
用SQL语句实现,变成如下的数据
ID PR CON OPS
001 p c 差(6),好(2),一般(4)
002 w e 差(8),好(7),一般(1)
*/
create table tb
(
id varchar(10),
pr varchar(10),
con varchar(10),
op varchar(10),
sc int
)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('001', 'p', 'c', '差', 6)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('001', 'p', 'c', '好', 2)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('001', 'p', 'c', '一般', 4)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('002', 'w', 'e', '差', 8)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('002', 'w', 'e', '好', 7)
insert into tb(ID,PR,CON,OP,SC) values('002', 'w', 'e', '一般', 1)
go
--创建一个合并的函数
create function f_hb(@id varchar(10) , @pr varchar(10) , @con varchar(10))
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + ',' + cast(OP as varchar) + '('
+ cast(sc as varchar) + ')'
from tb where id = @id and @pr = pr and @con = con
set @str = right(@str , len(@str) - 1)
return(@str)
End
go
--调用自定义函数得到结果:
select distinct id , pr , con , dbo.f_hb(id,pr,con) as ops from tb
drop table tb
drop function f_hb
/*
结果
id pr con ops
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------
001 p c 差(6),好(2),一般(4)
002 w e 差(8),好(7),一般(1)
(所影响的行数为 2 行)
*/
----------------------------------------------------
/*如何将一列中所有的值一行显示
数据源
a
b
c
d
e
结果
a,b,c,d,e
*/
create table tb(col varchar(20))
insert tb values ('a')
insert tb values ('b')
insert tb values ('c')
insert tb values ('d')
insert tb values ('e')
go
--方法一
declare @sql varchar(1000)
set @sql = ''
select @sql = @sql + t.col + ',' from (select col from tb) as t
set @sql='select result = ''' + @sql + ''''
exec(@sql)
/*
result
----------
a,b,c,d,e,
*/
--方法二
declare @output varchar(8000)
select @output = coalesce(@output + ',' , '') + col from tb
print @output
/*
a,b,c,d,e
*/
drop table tb
合并列值
原著:邹建
改编:爱新觉罗.毓华 2007-12-16 广东深圳
表结构,数据如下:
id value
----- ------
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id values
------ -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即:group by id, 求 value 的和(字符串相加)
1. 旧的解决方法(在sql server 2000中只能用函数解决。)
--1. 创建处理函数
create table tb(id int, value varchar(10))
insert into tb values(1, 'aa')
insert into tb values(1, 'bb')
insert into tb values(2, 'aaa')
insert into tb values(2, 'bbb')
insert into tb values(2, 'ccc')
go
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar(8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value FROM tb WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')
END
GO
-- 调用函数
SELECt id, value = dbo.f_str(id) FROM tb GROUP BY id
drop table tb
drop function dbo.f_str
/*
id value
----------- -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(所影响的行数为 2 行)
*/
--2、另外一种函数.
create table tb(id int, value varchar(10))
insert into tb values(1, 'aa')
insert into tb values(1, 'bb')
insert into tb values(2, 'aaa')
insert into tb values(2, 'bbb')
insert into tb values(2, 'ccc')
go
--创建一个合并的函数
create function f_hb(@id int)
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(8000)
set @str = ''
select @str = @str + ',' + cast(value as varchar) from tb where id = @id
set @str = right(@str , len(@str) - 1)
return(@str)
End
go
--调用自定义函数得到结果:
select distinct id ,dbo.f_hb(id) as value from tb
drop table tb
drop function dbo.f_hb
/*
id value
----------- -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(所影响的行数为 2 行)
*/
2. 新的解决方法(在sql server 2005中用OUTER APPLY等解决。)
create table tb(id int, value varchar(10))
insert into tb values(1, 'aa')
insert into tb values(1, 'bb')
insert into tb values(2, 'aaa')
insert into tb values(2, 'bbb')
insert into tb values(2, 'ccc')
go
-- 查询处理
SELECT * FROM(SELECT DISTINCT id FROM tb)A OUTER APPLY(
SELECT [values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(
SELECT value FROM tb N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N
drop table tb
/*
id values
----------- -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
declare @names varchar(512)
set @names=''
select @names = @names+','+name
from yourtable
where datas = '2007-12-1'
set @names = left(@names,len(@names)-1)
create table tb (datas datetime ,name varchar(10))
insert into tb select '2007-12-1','bb'
insert into tb select '2007-12-1','cc'
insert into tb select '2007-12-1','dd'
create function hebing(@datas datetime)
returns varchar(100)
as
begin
declare @sql varchar(8000)
select @sql=isnull(@sql+',','')+name from tb where datas=@datas
return @sql
end
select datas,dbo.hebing(datas) as hb from tb group by datas