ajax学习之常见的http ContentType 设置

ajax开发中, 常遇到下面的几种情况:

1 服务端需要返回一段普通文本给客户端 
2 服务端需要返回一段HTML代码给客户端 
3 服务端需要返回一段XML代码给客户端 
4 服务端需要返回一段javascript代码给客户端 
5 服务端需要返回一段json串给客户端

对于每一种返回类型，规范的做法是要在服务端指定 response的contentType。
(当然 不指定绝大多数情况下也没什么问题 尤其是返回"非xml"的时候)

代码 
    普通文本 : text/plain
    HTML代码 : text/html
    XML代码 : text/xml
以上三个可以说是毫无争议的, 但是另外两种情况 就要注意一下了. 
javascript 的 contentType 按最标准的写法 应该是 application/javascript. 
而常用的 text/javascript 已经被 rfc定义为废弃的. 
但是，在这里暂时不建议使用 application/javascript
因为很多老旧浏览器并不支持 application/javascript 
而所有浏览器都支持 text/javascript. 
在标准和广泛的兼容性之间 还是暂且选择后者吧.

json 的 contentType 常见写法有: text/json & text/javascript . 
但是 这个 text/json 其实是根本不存在的, 而 text/javascript 在有些时候客户端处理起来会有歧义. 
对于json的contentType , rfc里定义的标准写法是 :application/json.

在这里毫无疑问 我们应该选择标准写法的 application/json

 

最后，附一下ContentType清单：

常用的：

 

1. text/plain   
2. text/HTML  
3. text/xml  
4. test/javascript  
5. application/json  
6. image/GIF  
7. image/JPEG  

 

清单：

 

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1. ".*"="application/octet-stream"   
2. ".001"="application/x-001"   
3. ".301"="application/x-301"   
4. ".323"="text/h323"   
5. ".906"="application/x-906"   
6. ".907"="drawing/907"   
7. ".a11"="application/x-a11"   
8. ".acp"="audio/x-mei-aac"   
9. ".ai"="application/postscript"   
10. ".aif"="audio/aiff"   
11. ".aifc"="audio/aiff"   
12. ".aiff"="audio/aiff"   
13. ".anv"="application/x-anv"   
14. ".asa"="text/asa"   
15. ".asf"="video/x-ms-asf"   
16. ".asp"="text/asp"   
17. ".asx"="video/x-ms-asf"   
18. ".au"="audio/basic"   
19. ".avi"="video/avi"   
20. ".awf"="application/vnd.adobe.workflow"   
21. ".biz"="text/xml"   
22. ".bmp"="application/x-bmp"   
23. ".bot"="application/x-bot"   
24. ".c4t"="application/x-c4t"   
25. ".c90"="application/x-c90"   
26. ".cal"="application/x-cals"   
27. ".cat"="application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat"   
28. ".cdf"="application/x-netcdf"   
29. ".cdr"="application/x-cdr"   
30. ".cel"="application/x-cel"   
31. ".cer"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"   
32. ".cg4"="application/x-g4"   
33. ".cgm"="application/x-cgm"   
34. ".cit"="application/x-cit"   
35. ".class"="java/*"   
36. ".cml"="text/xml"   
37. ".cmp"="application/x-cmp"   
38. ".cmx"="application/x-cmx"   
39. ".cot"="application/x-cot"   
40. ".crl"="application/pkix-crl"   
41. ".crt"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"   
42. ".csi"="application/x-csi"   
43. ".css"="text/css"   
44. ".cut"="application/x-cut"   
45. ".dbf"="application/x-dbf"   
46. ".dbm"="application/x-dbm"   
47. ".dbx"="application/x-dbx"   
48. ".dcd"="text/xml"   
49. ".dcx"="application/x-dcx"   
50. ".der"="application/x-x509-ca-cert"   
51. ".dgn"="application/x-dgn"   
52. ".dib"="application/x-dib"   
53. ".dll"="application/x-msdownload"   
54. ".doc"="application/msword"   
55. ".dot"="application/msword"   
56. ".drw"="application/x-drw"   
57. ".dtd"="text/xml"   
58. ".dwf"="Model/vnd.dwf"   
59. ".dwf"="application/x-dwf"   
60. ".dwg"="application/x-dwg"   
61. ".dxb"="application/x-dxb"   
62. ".dxf"="application/x-dxf"   
63. ".edn"="application/vnd.adobe.edn"   
64. ".emf"="application/x-emf"   
65. ".eml"="message/rfc822"   
66. ".ent"="text/xml"   
67. ".epi"="application/x-epi"   
68. ".eps"="application/x-ps"   
69. ".eps"="application/postscript"   
70. ".etd"="application/x-ebx"   
71. ".exe"="application/x-msdownload"   
72. ".fax"="image/fax"   
73. ".fdf"="application/vnd.fdf"   
74. ".fif"="application/fractals"   
75. ".fo"="text/xml"   
76. ".frm"="application/x-frm"   
77. ".g4"="application/x-g4"   
78. ".gbr"="application/x-gbr"   
79. ".gcd"="application/x-gcd"   
80. ".gif"="image/gif"   
81. ".gl2"="application/x-gl2"   
82. ".gp4"="application/x-gp4"   
83. ".hgl"="application/x-hgl"   
84. ".hmr"="application/x-hmr"   
85. ".hpg"="application/x-hpgl"   
86. ".hpl"="application/x-hpl"   
87. ".hqx"="application/mac-binhex40"   
88. ".hrf"="application/x-hrf"   
89. ".hta"="application/hta"   
90. ".htc"="text/x-component"   
91. ".htm"="text/html"   
92. ".html"="text/html"   
93. ".htt"="text/webviewhtml"   
94. ".htx"="text/html"   
95. ".icb"="application/x-icb"   
96. ".ico"="image/x-icon"   
97. ".ico"="application/x-ico"   
98. ".iff"="application/x-iff"   
99. ".ig4"="application/x-g4"   
100. ".igs"="application/x-igs"   
101. ".iii"="application/x-iphone"   
102. ".img"="application/x-img"   
103. ".ins"="application/x-internet-signup"   
104. ".isp"="application/x-internet-signup"   
105. ".IVF"="video/x-ivf"   
106. ".java"="java/*"   
107. ".jfif"="image/jpeg"   
108. ".jpe"="image/jpeg"   
109. ".jpe"="application/x-jpe"   
110. ".jpeg"="image/jpeg"   
111. ".jpg"="image/jpeg"   
112. ".jpg"="application/x-jpg"   
113. ".js"="application/x-javascript"   
114. ".jsp"="text/html"   
115. ".la1"="audio/x-liquid-file"   
116. ".lar"="application/x-laplayer-reg"   
117. ".latex"="application/x-latex"   
118. ".lavs"="audio/x-liquid-secure"   
119. ".lbm"="application/x-lbm"   
120. ".lmsff"="audio/x-la-lms"   
121. ".ls"="application/x-javascript"   
122. ".ltr"="application/x-ltr"   
123. ".m1v"="video/x-mpeg"   
124. ".m2v"="video/x-mpeg"   
125. ".m3u"="audio/mpegurl"   
126. ".m4e"="video/mpeg4"   
127. ".mac"="application/x-mac"   
128. ".man"="application/x-troff-man"   
129. ".math"="text/xml"   
130. ".mdb"="application/msaccess"   
131. ".mdb"="application/x-mdb"   
132. ".mfp"="application/x-shockwave-flash"   
133. ".mht"="message/rfc822"   
134. ".mhtml"="message/rfc822"   
135. ".mi"="application/x-mi"   
136. ".mid"="audio/mid"   
137. ".midi"="audio/mid"   
138. ".mil"="application/x-mil"   
139. ".mml"="text/xml"   
140. ".mnd"="audio/x-musicnet-download"   
141. ".mns"="audio/x-musicnet-stream"   
142. ".mocha"="application/x-javascript"   
143. ".movie"="video/x-sgi-movie"   
144. ".mp1"="audio/mp1"   
145. ".mp2"="audio/mp2"   
146. ".mp2v"="video/mpeg"   
147. ".mp3"="audio/mp3"   
148. ".mp4"="video/mpeg4"   
149. ".mpa"="video/x-mpg"   
150. ".mpd"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
151. ".mpe"="video/x-mpeg"   
152. ".mpeg"="video/mpg"   
153. ".mpg"="video/mpg"   
154. ".mpga"="audio/rn-mpeg"   
155. ".mpp"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
156. ".mps"="video/x-mpeg"   
157. ".mpt"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
158. ".mpv"="video/mpg"   
159. ".mpv2"="video/mpeg"   
160. ".mpw"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
161. ".mpx"="application/vnd.ms-project"   
162. ".mtx"="text/xml"   
163. ".mxp"="application/x-mmxp"   
164. ".net"="image/pnetvue"   
165. ".nrf"="application/x-nrf"   
166. ".nws"="message/rfc822"   
167. ".odc"="text/x-ms-odc"   
168. ".out"="application/x-out"   
169. ".p10"="application/pkcs10"   
170. ".p12"="application/x-pkcs12"   
171. ".p7b"="application/x-pkcs7-certificates"   
172. ".p7c"="application/pkcs7-mime"   
173. ".p7m"="application/pkcs7-mime"   
174. ".p7r"="application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp"   
175. ".p7s"="application/pkcs7-signature"   
176. ".pc5"="application/x-pc5"   
177. ".pci"="application/x-pci"   
178. ".pcl"="application/x-pcl"   
179. ".pcx"="application/x-pcx"   
180. ".pdf"="application/pdf"   
181. ".pdf"="application/pdf"   
182. ".pdx"="application/vnd.adobe.pdx"   
183. ".pfx"="application/x-pkcs12"   
184. ".pgl"="application/x-pgl"   
185. ".pic"="application/x-pic"   
186. ".pko"="application/vnd.ms-pki.pko"   
187. ".pl"="application/x-perl"   
188. ".plg"="text/html"   
189. ".pls"="audio/scpls"   
190. ".plt"="application/x-plt"   
191. ".png"="image/png"   
192. ".png"="application/x-png"   
193. ".pot"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
194. ".ppa"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
195. ".ppm"="application/x-ppm"   
196. ".pps"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
197. ".ppt"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
198. ".ppt"="application/x-ppt"   
199. ".pr"="application/x-pr"   
200. ".prf"="application/pics-rules"   
201. ".prn"="application/x-prn"   
202. ".prt"="application/x-prt"   
203. ".ps"="application/x-ps"   
204. ".ps"="application/postscript"   
205. ".ptn"="application/x-ptn"   
206. ".pwz"="application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"   
207. ".r3t"="text/vnd.rn-realtext3d"   
208. ".ra"="audio/vnd.rn-realaudio"   
209. ".ram"="audio/x-pn-realaudio"   
210. ".ras"="application/x-ras"   
211. ".rat"="application/rat-file"   
212. ".rdf"="text/xml"   
213. ".rec"="application/vnd.rn-recording"   
214. ".red"="application/x-red"   
215. ".rgb"="application/x-rgb"   
216. ".rjs"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjs"   
217. ".rjt"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjt"   
218. ".rlc"="application/x-rlc"   
219. ".rle"="application/x-rle"   
220. ".rm"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia"   
221. ".rmf"="application/vnd.adobe.rmf"   
222. ".rmi"="audio/mid"   
223. ".rmj"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmj"   
224. ".rmm"="audio/x-pn-realaudio"   
225. ".rmp"="application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package"   
226. ".rms"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia-secure"   
227. ".rmvb"="application/vnd.rn-realmedia-vbr"   
228. ".rmx"="application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmx"   
229. ".rnx"="application/vnd.rn-realplayer"   
230. ".rp"="image/vnd.rn-realpix"   
231. ".rpm"="audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin"   
232. ".rsml"="application/vnd.rn-rsml"   
233. ".rt"="text/vnd.rn-realtext"   
234. ".rtf"="application/msword"   
235. ".rtf"="application/x-rtf"   
236. ".rv"="video/vnd.rn-realvideo"   
237. ".sam"="application/x-sam"   
238. ".sat"="application/x-sat"   
239. ".sdp"="application/sdp"   
240. ".sdw"="application/x-sdw"   
241. ".sit"="application/x-stuffit"   
242. ".slb"="application/x-slb"   
243. ".sld"="application/x-sld"   
244. ".slk"="drawing/x-slk"   
245. ".smi"="application/smil"   
246. ".smil"="application/smil"   
247. ".smk"="application/x-smk"   
248. ".snd"="audio/basic"   
249. ".sol"="text/plain"   
250. ".sor"="text/plain"   
251. ".spc"="application/x-pkcs7-certificates"   
252. ".spl"="application/futuresplash"   
253. ".spp"="text/xml"   
254. ".ssm"="application/streamingmedia"   
255. ".sst"="application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore"   
256. ".stl"="application/vnd.ms-pki.stl"   
257. ".stm"="text/html"   
258. ".sty"="application/x-sty"   
259. ".svg"="text/xml"   
260. ".swf"="application/x-shockwave-flash"   
261. ".tdf"="application/x-tdf"   
262. ".tg4"="application/x-tg4"   
263. ".tga"="application/x-tga"   
264. ".tif"="image/tiff"   
265. ".tif"="application/x-tif"   
266. ".tiff"="image/tiff"   
267. ".tld"="text/xml"   
268. ".top"="drawing/x-top"   
269. ".torrent"="application/x-bittorrent"   
270. ".tsd"="text/xml"   
271. ".txt"="text/plain"   
272. ".uin"="application/x-icq"   
273. ".uls"="text/iuls"   
274. ".vcf"="text/x-vcard"   
275. ".vda"="application/x-vda"   
276. ".vdx"="application/vnd.visio"   
277. ".vml"="text/xml"   
278. ".vpg"="application/x-vpeg005"   
279. ".vsd"="application/vnd.visio"   
280. ".vsd"="application/x-vsd"   
281. ".vss"="application/vnd.visio"   
282. ".vst"="application/vnd.visio"   
283. ".vst"="application/x-vst"   
284. ".vsw"="application/vnd.visio"   
285. ".vsx"="application/vnd.visio"   
286. ".vtx"="application/vnd.visio"   
287. ".vxml"="text/xml"   
288. ".wav"="audio/wav"   
289. ".wax"="audio/x-ms-wax"   
290. ".wb1"="application/x-wb1"   
291. ".wb2"="application/x-wb2"   
292. ".wb3"="application/x-wb3"   
293. ".wbmp"="image/vnd.wap.wbmp"   
294. ".wiz"="application/msword"   
295. ".wk3"="application/x-wk3"   
296. ".wk4"="application/x-wk4"   
297. ".wkq"="application/x-wkq"   
298. ".wks"="application/x-wks"   
299. ".wm"="video/x-ms-wm"   
300. ".wma"="audio/x-ms-wma"   
301. ".wmd"="application/x-ms-wmd"   
302. ".wmf"="application/x-wmf"   
303. ".wml"="text/vnd.wap.wml"   
304. ".wmv"="video/x-ms-wmv"   
305. ".wmx"="video/x-ms-wmx"   
306. ".wmz"="application/x-ms-wmz"   
307. ".wp6"="application/x-wp6"   
308. ".wpd"="application/x-wpd"   
309. ".wpg"="application/x-wpg"   
310. ".wpl"="application/vnd.ms-wpl"   
311. ".wq1"="application/x-wq1"   
312. ".wr1"="application/x-wr1"   
313. ".wri"="application/x-wri"   
314. ".wrk"="application/x-wrk"   
315. ".ws"="application/x-ws"   
316. ".ws2"="application/x-ws"   
317. ".wsc"="text/scriptlet"   
318. ".wsdl"="text/xml"   
319. ".wvx"="video/x-ms-wvx"   
320. ".xdp"="application/vnd.adobe.xdp"   
321. ".xdr"="text/xml"   
322. ".xfd"="application/vnd.adobe.xfd"   
323. ".xfdf"="application/vnd.adobe.xfdf"   
324. ".xhtml"="text/html"   
325. ".xls"="application/vnd.ms-excel"   
326. ".xls"="application/x-xls"   
327. ".xlw"="application/x-xlw"   
328. ".xml"="text/xml"   
329. ".xpl"="audio/scpls"   
330. ".xq"="text/xml"   
331. ".xql"="text/xml"   
332. ".xquery"="text/xml"   
333. ".xsd"="text/xml"   
334. ".xsl"="text/xml"   
335. ".xslt"="text/xml"   
336. ".xwd"="application/x-xwd"   
337. ".x_b"="application/x-x_b"   
338. ".x_t"="application/x-x_t"