hdu1524(尼姆博弈)

A Chess Game

Time Limit: 2000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 1207    Accepted Submission(s): 553

Problem Description

Let's design a new chess game. There are N positions to hold M chesses in this game. Multiple chesses can be located in the same position. The positions are constituted as a topological graph, i.e. there are directed edges connecting some positions, and no cycle exists. Two players you and I move chesses alternately. In each turn the player should move only one chess from the current position to one of its out-positions along an edge. The game does not end, until one of the players cannot move chess any more. If you cannot move any chess in your turn, you lose. Otherwise, if the misfortune falls on me... I will disturb the chesses and play it again.

Do you want to challenge me? Just write your program to show your qualification!

 

Input

Input contains multiple test cases. Each test case starts with a number N (1 <= N <= 1000) in one line. Then the following N lines describe the out-positions of each position. Each line starts with an integer Xi that is the number of out-positions for the position i. Then Xi integers following specify the out-positions. Positions are indexed from 0 to N-1. Then multiple queries follow. Each query occupies only one line. The line starts with a number M (1 <= M <= 10), and then come M integers, which are the initial positions of chesses. A line with number 0 ends the test case.

 

Output

There is one line for each query, which contains a string "WIN" or "LOSE". "WIN" means that the player taking the first turn can win the game according to a clever strategy; otherwise "LOSE" should be printed.

 

Sample Input

  
  

   
   4
2 1 2
0
1 3
0
1 0
2 0 2
0

4
1 1
1 2
0
0
2 0 1
2 1 1
3 0 1 3
0
  
  

 

Sample Output

  
  

   
   WIN
WIN
WIN
LOSE
WIN
  
  

 

Source

PKU Monthly

 

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      本题给定有向无环图，然后在某些位置放置一些棋子，谁先无路可走就输；问先走者是否有必胜的把握。这是个常见的尼姆博弈模型。图中某点的SG值就是后继节点关于自然数集的补集的最小值，即SG函数中的mem操作。转换为分析PN局了。

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;

vector<int>g[1000+10];
const int MAXN=1010; 
int SG[MAXN];

int GetSG(int id)
{
	if(-1!=SG[id])
		return SG[id];
	bool visited[MAXN];
	memset(visited,false,sizeof(visited));
	for(int i=0;i<g[id].size();i++)
	{
		visited[GetSG(g[id][i])]=true;
	}
	for(i=0;;i++)
		if(!visited[i])
			break;
		return SG[id]=i;
}

int main()
{
	int n,m,i,tmp,q,st;
	while(cin>>n)
	{
		for(i=0;i<n;i++)
			g[i].clear();
		
		for(i=0;i<n;i++)
		{
			cin>>m;
			while(m--)
			{
				cin>>tmp;
				g[i].push_back(tmp);
			}
		}
		memset(SG,-1,sizeof(SG));
		while(cin>>q)
		{
			if(!q)break;
			int sum=0;
			while(q--)
			{
				cin>>st;
				sum^=GetSG(st);
			}
			if(sum==0)
				cout<<"LOSE"<<endl;
			else cout<<"WIN"<<endl;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}