MyBatis对表执行CRUD(增删改查)操作

Mybatis的好处是sql与代码的分离,以及能够轻松使用自定义的sql


下面以小例子的形式来讲解一下Mybatis的增删改查:

有以下两种方式

1.基于XML

2.基于Annotation


前提:数据库那边只需要创建一张user表:create table user (id int,name text,age int);


第一种:基于XML配置文件的CRUD


首先看一下project结构



其中:

lib中的jar包都可以在网上下载到,如果直接使用Maven则无需手动下载了;

conf.xml是mybatis的总配置文件,它定义了数据库的接口,以及表与对象的映射关系;

其内容为:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
	<environments default="development">
		<environment id="development">
			<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
			<!-- 配置数据库连接信息 -->
			<dataSource type="POOLED">
				<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
				<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis" />
				<property name="username" value="root" />
				<property name="password" value="930712" />
			</dataSource>
		</environment>
	</environments>
	
	<mappers>
		
		<!-- 注册userMapper.xml文件, 
         userMapper.xml位于com.mapping这个包下,所以resource写成com/mapping/userMapper.xml-->
         <mapper resource="com/mapping/userMapper.xml"/>
        
	</mappers>
</configuration>
重要的是dataSource属性和mapper属性;

userMapper.xml中定义了sql,其内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
	
<mapper namespace="com.mapping.userMapper">
	
	<!-- 
        根据id查询得到一个user对象
     -->
	<select id="getUser" parameterType="int" resultType="com.xjtu.User">
		select * from user where id=#{id}
    </select>
    
    <!-- 
        查询全部
     -->
    <select id="getAll" resultType="com.xjtu.User">
		select * from user
    </select>
    
    <!-- 
        插入一条记录
     -->
    <insert id="insertUser" parameterType="com.xjtu.User">
    	insert into user(id,name,age) values(#{id},#{name},#{age})
    </insert>
    
    <!-- 
        根据id删除一条记录
     -->
     <delete id="deleteById" parameterType="int">
     	delete from user where id =#{id}
     </delete>
   <!-- 
        更改一条记录
     -->
     <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.xjtu.User">
     	update user set name=#{name},age=#{age} where id=#{id} 
     </update>
</mapper>

在标签中编写查询的SQL语句, 例如:设置select标签的id属性为getUser,id属性值必须是唯一的,不能够重复
使用parameterType属性指明查询时使用的参数类型,resultType属性指明查询返回的结果集类型
resultType="com.xjtu.User"就表示将查询结果封装成一个User类的对象返回
User类就是user表所对应的实体类


User类:

package com.xjtu;

public class User {
	
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
	
	public void set(int id,String name,int age){
		this.id=id;
		this.name=name;
		this.age=age;
	}
	
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [age=" + age + ", id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
	}
	
}


最终,测试类:

package com.xjtu;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;

public class Test {
	
	private String statement="";
	private SqlSession session=null;

	@Before
	public void init() throws IOException{
		// mybatis的配置文件
		String resource = "conf.xml";
		
		// 使用MyBatis提供的Resources类加载mybatis的配置文件(它也加载关联的映射文件)
		Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader(resource);
		// 构建sqlSession的工厂
		SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder()
				.build(reader);

		// 创建能执行映射文件中sql的sqlSession
		session = sessionFactory.openSession();
	}
	
	
	@org.junit.Test
	public void testQueryById(){
		//getUser是select标签的id属性值,通过select标签的id属性值就可以找到要执行的SQL
		statement = "com.mapping.userMapper.getUser";// 映射sql的标识字符串
		// 执行查询返回一个唯一user对象的sql
		User user = session.selectOne(statement, 1);
		System.out.println(user);
		session.close();
	}
	
	@org.junit.Test
	public void testQueryAll(){
		statement = "com.mapping.userMapper.getAll";
		List<User> userList = session.selectList(statement);
		for (User user2 : userList) {
			System.out.println(user2);
		}
		
		session.close();
	}
	
	@org.junit.Test
	public void tesInsert(){
		statement = "com.mapping.userMapper.insertUser";
		User user=new User();
		user.set(5,"ldx", 15);
		int result=session.insert(statement, user);
		
		if (result==1) {
			session.commit();
		}
		System.out.println(result);
		session.close();
	}
	
	@org.junit.Test
	public void testDelete(){
		statement = "com.mapping.userMapper.deleteById";
		int result=session.delete(statement, 2);//id=2
		
		if (result==1) {
			session.commit();
		}
		System.out.println(result);
		session.close();
	}
	
	@org.junit.Test
	public void testUpdate(){
		statement = "com.mapping.userMapper.updateUser";
		User user=new User();
		user.setId(3);
		user.setAge(30);
		user.setName("wdl");
		int result=session.update(statement, user);
		
		if (result==1) {
			session.commit();
		}
		session.close();
		
	}

}



第二种:基于Annotation(注解)的CRUD


这里主要是把userMapper.xml用UserMapperI来代替了;

在conf.xml中把<mappers></mappers>标签中的<mapper resource="com/mapping/userMapper.xml"/>

改为:<mapper class="com.mapping.UserMapperI" />

即把sql的定义用一个接口来定义,注意:

不需要手动实现该接口,具体的实现类由MyBatis帮我们动态构建出来,直接拿来使用即可。

UserMapperI的源代码为:

package com.mapping;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;

import com.xjtu.User;

public interface UserMapperI {

	// 使用@Insert注解指明insert方法要执行的SQL
	@Insert("insert into user values(#{id},#{name},#{age})")
	public int insert(User user);

	@Delete("delete from user where id=#{id}")
	public int delete(int id);

	@Update("update user set name=#{name},age=#{age} where id=#{id}")
	public int update(User user);

	@Select("select * from user where id=#{id}")
	public User queryById(int id);

	@Select("select * from user")
	public List<User> queryAll();

}


最终,测试类源码:

package com.xjtu;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;

import com.mapping.UserMapperI;

public class Test {

	private SqlSession session = null;
	private UserMapperI mapper = null;

	@Before
	public void init() throws IOException {
		// mybatis的配置文件
		String resource = "conf.xml";

		// 使用MyBatis提供的Resources类加载mybatis的配置文件(它也加载关联的映射文件)
		Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader(resource);
		// 构建sqlSession的工厂
		SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder()
				.build(reader);

		// 创建能执行映射文件中sql的sqlSession
		session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		// session = sessionFactory.openSession(boolean
		// autoCommit);//true自动提交增删改
		mapper = session.getMapper(UserMapperI.class);
	}

	@org.junit.Test
	public void testQueryById() {

		User user = mapper.queryById(1);
		System.out.println(user);
		session.close();
	}

	@org.junit.Test
	public void testQueryAll() {

		List<User> userList = mapper.queryAll();
		for (User user : userList) {
			System.out.println(user);
		}
		session.close();
	}

	@org.junit.Test
	public void tesInsert() {

		User user = new User();
		user.set(6, "wp", 24);
		int result = mapper.insert(user);

		if (result == 1) {
			session.commit();
		}
		session.close();
	}

	@org.junit.Test
	public void testDelete() {

		int result = mapper.delete(4);

		if (result == 1) {
			session.commit();
		}
		session.close();
	}

	@org.junit.Test
	public void testUpdate() {

		User user = new User();
		user.setId(3);
		user.setAge(30);
		user.setName("wyx");
		int result = mapper.update(user);

		if (result == 1) {
			session.commit();
		}
		session.close();

	}

}


注:

1.如果你没有设置SqlSession为自动commit

在执行增删改后一定要执行SqlSession的commit方法,来把操作保存到数据库,否则会有执行成功,但数据库无变化的问题;

自动commit设置:

SqlSession session = sessionFactory.openSession(autoCommit);//autoCommit为true,自动提交增删改

2.以上两种方式都比较常用,相对来说,基于注解会简洁一点;

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