之前的那篇MSDN上翻译过来的EF写得并不好,没有操作性,这里结合网上一片有实例的博客,结合自己的操作过程,作以下说明:
1.使用VS2010和C#语言,所以要有Oracle数据库服务器,并且要安装VS和Oracle之间的连接组件,我这里安装为:Oracle Data Access Components for Oracle Client
2.连接数据库后,在PL/SQL Devoloper里面写好SQL建表语句,创建序列和触发器语句(用于主键,否则不能有主键,不然异常提示不符合唯一性约束),运行,提交
3.按照下面博客创建Entity Framework实例,将表格等映射为VS中的类等实体
4.在VS主函数里面写好下面博客里面的代码,运行即可到PL/SQL Devoloper查看修改结果
5.PL/SQL Devoloper里面的代码:
建表:
create table T_Class(
ID number(8) primary key not null,
Name varchar(20)
);
create table T_Student(
ID number(8) primary key not null,
Name varchar(20),
ClassID number(8),
Phone varchar(20),
Email varchar(30),
constraint T_Student2T_Class foreign key(ClassID)
references T_Class(ID) on delete cascade
);
create table T_Teacher(
ID number(8) primary key not null,
Name varchar(20),
Address varchar(30),
Phone varchar(20),
Email varchar(30),
ClassID number(8),
constraint T_Teacher2T_Class foreign key(ClassID)
references T_Class(ID) on delete cascade
);
/*
drop table T_Student;
drop table T_Class;
drop table T_Teacher;
*/
/*
insert into T_Class values(2,'Class1');
*/
select * from T_Teacher;
select * from T_Class;
delete from T_Teacher;
--序列
create sequence SEQ_T_TEACHER
minvalue 1
maxvalue 9999999999999999999999999999
start with 2
increment by 1
cache 20;
--触发器
create or replace trigger tib_T_Teacher before insert
on T_Teacher for each row
declare
integrity_error exception;
errno integer;
errmsg char(200);
dummy integer;
found boolean;
begin
if :new.ID is null or :new.ID = 0 then
select SEQ_T_Teacher.NEXTVAL INTO :new.ID from dual;
end if;
exception
when integrity_error then
raise_application_error(errno, errmsg);
end;
6.VS2010代码(跟下面一致,多了几句解释)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace myEF
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//schoolEntities.T_CLASS表示T_Class表,而c表示一条记录结构
using (var schoolEntities = new SchoolDBEntities())
{
var cls = (from c in schoolEntities.T_CLASS
where c.ID == 2
select c).SingleOrDefault<T_CLASS>();
//如果要表示所有记录,必须使用list集合
//List<T_TEACHER> tList = new List<T_TEACHER>();
//T_Teacher表示表结构,teacher.T_CLASS表示teacher的外键所在表的表结构
T_TEACHER teacher = new T_TEACHER();
//teacher.ID = new Random().Next();
teacher.ADDRESS = "北京海淀上地";
teacher.EMAIL = "malun666@126.com";
teacher.T_CLASS = cls;
teacher.NAME = "Flydragon";
teacher.PHONE = "110";
schoolEntities.T_TEACHER.AddObject(teacher);
Console.WriteLine("in");
try
{
schoolEntities.SaveChanges();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
}
Console.WriteLine("OK");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
Entity Framework快速入门--实例篇 DatabaseFirst
本文来自:http://www.cnblogs.com/fly_dragon/archive/2011/02/20/1958884.html
在上一篇中我们简单了解的EF的定义和大体的情况,我们通过一步一步的做一个简单的实际例子来让大家对EF使用有个简单印象。好,废话少说,直入主题。
第一步:创建控制台项目
这个就不多说了,如果新建项目你还不知道,那先去学学基础吧。
第二步:创建实体模型
在项目上右击 添加新建项目→Ado.Net实体数据模型
如下图所示:
第三步:与现有的数据库进行连接生成EF实体
在做这步之前,首先确定你是否已经有现有数据库,当然在这提供我自己的数据库脚本。
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Entity Designer DDL Script for SQL Server 2005 , 2008 , and Azure
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Date Created: 02 / 20 / 2011 09 : 47 : 54
-- Generated from EDMX file: E:\Job\projects\WebTest\EF\Model1.edmx
-- --------------------------------------------------
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF;
GO
USE [SchoolDB];
GO
IF SCHEMA_ID(N ' dbo ' ) IS NULL EXECUTE(N ' CREATE SCHEMA [dbo] ' );
GO
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Dropping existing FOREIGN KEY constraints
-- --------------------------------------------------
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[FK_ClassStudent] ' , ' F ' ) IS NOT NULL
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[T_Student] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_ClassStudent];
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[FK_ClassTeacher] ' , ' F ' ) IS NOT NULL
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[T_Teacher] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_ClassTeacher];
GO
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Dropping existing tables
-- --------------------------------------------------
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[T_Class] ' , ' U ' ) IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE [dbo].[T_Class];
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[T_Student] ' , ' U ' ) IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE [dbo].[T_Student];
GO
IF OBJECT_ID(N ' [dbo].[T_Teacher] ' , ' U ' ) IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE [dbo].[T_Teacher];
GO
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Creating all tables
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Creating table ' T_Class '
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[T_Class] (
[ID] int IDENTITY( 1 , 1 ) NOT NULL,
[Name] nvarchar(max) NOT NULL
);
GO
-- Creating table ' T_Student '
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[T_Student] (
[ID] uniqueidentifier NOT NULL,
[Name] nvarchar(max) NOT NULL,
[ClassID] int NOT NULL,
[Phone] nvarchar(max) NOT NULL,
[Email] nvarchar(max) NOT NULL
);
GO
-- Creating table ' T_Teacher '
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[T_Teacher] (
[ID] int IDENTITY( 1 , 1 ) NOT NULL,
[Name] nvarchar(max) NOT NULL,
[Address] nvarchar(max) NOT NULL,
[Phone] nvarchar(max) NOT NULL,
[Email] nvarchar(max) NOT NULL,
[ClassID] int NOT NULL
);
GO
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Creating all PRIMARY KEY constraints
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Creating primary key on [ID] in table ' T_Class '
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[T_Class]
ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_T_Class]
PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([ID] ASC);
GO
-- Creating primary key on [ID] in table ' T_Student '
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[T_Student]
ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_T_Student]
PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([ID] ASC);
GO
-- Creating primary key on [ID] in table ' T_Teacher '
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[T_Teacher]
ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_T_Teacher]
PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([ID] ASC);
GO
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Creating all FOREIGN KEY constraints
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Creating foreign key on [ClassID] in table ' T_Student '
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[T_Student]
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_ClassStudent]
FOREIGN KEY ([ClassID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[T_Class]
([ID])
ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION;
-- Creating non - clustered index for FOREIGN KEY ' FK_ClassStudent '
CREATE INDEX [IX_FK_ClassStudent]
ON [dbo].[T_Student]
([ClassID]);
GO
-- Creating foreign key on [ClassID] in table ' T_Teacher '
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[T_Teacher]
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_ClassTeacher]
FOREIGN KEY ([ClassID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[T_Class]
([ID])
ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION;
-- Creating non - clustered index for FOREIGN KEY ' FK_ClassTeacher '
CREATE INDEX [IX_FK_ClassTeacher]
ON [dbo].[T_Teacher]
([ClassID]);
GO
-- --------------------------------------------------
-- Script has ended
-- --------------------------------------------------
然后按照如下所示,选择从数据库生成实体数据模型【当然如果你想使用CodeFirst方式也是可以的,这是后话了】:
新建连接到现有的数据库,如下图所示:
点击下一步,选择我们要生成实体对应的表、试图、存储过程等,如下图所示:
最后点击完成,则系统帮我们生成了数据库实体类以及EDMX的定义文件。
如图所示:
到现在我们前期的准备工作就结束了,我们接下来看看我们怎么使用EF帮我们生成的数据库网关第四步:写增删改查来讲解EF的基本使用
添加如下代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace EF
{
class Program
{
static void Main( string [] args)
{
// 创建数据库访问网关
using (SchoolDBEntities schoolEntities = new SchoolDBEntities())
{
// 查询到老师对应的班级的外键,注意是使用的linq to ef ,它是生成的命令树,然后是生成的sql
var cls = (from c in schoolEntities.T_Class
where c.ID == 2
select c).SingleOrDefault < T_Class > ();
// 创建teacher一个实体
T_Teacher teacher = new T_Teacher();
teacher.Address = " 北京海淀上地 " ;
teacher.Email = " malun666@126.com " ;
teacher.T_Class = cls;
teacher.Name = " Flydragon " ;
teacher.Phone = " 110 " ;
// 将创建的实体,放入网关的数据实体的集合
schoolEntities.T_Teacher.AddObject(teacher);
// 写回数据库
schoolEntities.SaveChanges();
}
Console.WriteLine( " OK " );
}
}
}
最终数据库中添加了一条数据,如下图所示:
然后我正好打开了Sql Server Profiler工具我们看一下,EF生成的SQL语句是什么,如下图所示:
最后一个就是执行insert插入数据库表的sql,如下图所示:
好这样我们一个入门的实例程序,就结束了,我们看到最后EF还是生成的SQL执行的。所以EF本身性能的损失也就是根据对实体集合的修改,然后根据edmx的定义最终成sql这段,也就是浪费了点cpu而已,而且ef还会自动帮我们对sql进行优化,所以还是蛮不错的!