Silverlight学习笔记(1)——样式的运用

本文将建立一个silverlight项目中的运用样式的简单实例,以下是详细步骤:


 

  新建一个Silverlight应用程序,名称SilverlightTest


 

  新建文件夹Assets,用以存放样式文件,在Assets文件夹中新建一个Silverlight资源字典,名称Styles.xaml,后面Silverlight项目引用到的样式资源我们将全部写在Styles.xaml中


  打开Silverlight项目的App.xaml,添加资源字典的source相对路径,这样就可以全局使用该资源,当项目很大时可使用MergedDictionaries对资源进行分类管理

<Application xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
x:Class="SilverlightTest.App"
>
<Application.Resources>

<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<ResourceDictionary Source="Assets/Styles.xaml"/>
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>

</Application.Resources>
</Application>

  回到MainPage.xaml中,添加一个Head区域,

        <!--HeadGrid-->
<Grid x:Name="HeadGrid" Style="{StaticResource HeadGridStyle}">
</Grid>

这里使用一个Grid做容器,取名HeadGrid,样式Style引用自静态资源StaticResource,在样式文件Styles.xaml中,添加一个名称为HeadGridStyle的样式,

    <!-- Head Grid Style -->
<Style x:Key="HeadGridStyle" TargetType="Grid">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource NavigationBackgroundColorBrush}"/>
<Setter Property="Height" Value="42"/>
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="0"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Top"/>
</Style>

在Styles.xaml中添加的HeadGridStyle样式,使用到了静态资源NavigationBackgroundColorBrush,同样来自Styles.xaml,

    <!-- Primary Color Brushes -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="NavigationBackgroundColorBrush" Color="#FF484848"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="HighLightColorBrush" Color="#FF0097FC"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="NavigationForegroundColorBrush" Color="#FFFFFFFF"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="BodyTextColorBrush" Color="#FF313131"/>

可以在Styles.xaml中,写下所有用到的ColorBrushes画笔,本身作为资源可以继续被其他资源所引用,

重新生成项目,可以看到MainPage上,HeadGrid的样式Style,已经按照Styles.xaml样式文件中设定的发生了改变,底色#FF484848,高度Height为42,边距空白Margin为0,在页面父元素中垂直对齐方式VerticalAlignment为Top,


  在HeadGrid中,添加一块Border范围,用来显示程序的logo和应用名,样式Style引用自静态资源HeadGridStyle,

        <!--HeadGrid-->
<Grid x:Name="HeadGrid" Style="{StaticResource HeadGridStyle}">

<!--LogoBorder-->
<Border x:Name="LogoBorder" Style="{StaticResource LogoBorderStyle}">

</Border>

</Grid>

在样式文件Styles.xaml文件中,添加一个名称为LogoBorderStyle的样式,TargetType="Border"标识该样式Style用于Border控件

    <!-- Logo Border Style -->
<Style x:Key="LogoBorderStyle" TargetType="Border">
<Setter Property="Height" Value="42"/>
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="25,0,25,0"/>
<!--VerticalAlignment 在父元素中垂直对齐方式-->
<Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Top"/>
<!--HorizontalAlignment 在父元素中水平对齐方式-->
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left"/>
</Style>

在LogoBorder中添加一个StackPanel容器,存放一个logo区域ContentControl和一个应用名显示区域TextBlock,

            <!--LogoBorder-->
<Border x:Name="LogoBorder" Style="{StaticResource LogoBorderStyle}">
<StackPanel x:Name="LogoStackPanel" Style="{StaticResource LogoStackPanelStyle}">
<ContentControl Style="{StaticResource LogoIcon}"/>
<TextBlock x:Name="ApplicationNameTextBlock" Style="{StaticResource ApplicationNameStyle}" Text="SilverlightDemo"/>
</StackPanel>
</Border>

添加的控件,样式Style均来自静态资源StaticResource,在Styles.xaml样式文件中,添加样式,

    <!-- Logo StackPanel Style -->
<Style x:Key="LogoStackPanelStyle" TargetType="StackPanel">
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left"/>
<!--Orientation 内部元素的堆叠方式-->
<Setter Property="Orientation" Value="Horizontal"/>
</Style>

StackPanel的Orientation属性指定了,其内部元素的堆叠方式为Horizontal横向布局,

    <!-- Logo Icon Style -->
<Style x:Key="LogoIcon" TargetType="ContentControl">
<Setter Property="Height" Value="24"/>
<Setter Property="Width" Value="24"/>
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="0,1,10,0"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="ContentControl">
<Grid>
<Path UseLayoutRounding='False' Fill="{StaticResource HighLightColorBrush}" Stretch="Fill" Data="M8,0 C12.417931,2.8898596E-06 16,3.5814998 16,8 C16,12.417819 12.41803,16 8,16 C3.5816212,16 6.1398991E-06,12.417912 0,8 C1.5351338E-06,6.8954077 0.22386749,5.8431153 0.62867981,4.8860393 C0.65398115,4.82622 0.6799894,4.7667723 0.70669389,4.7077074 L0.73170543,4.6541386 L5.6357112,9.5581446 L3.7429986,11.450858 L3.7429986,11.493001 L11.669835,11.493001 L11.669835,3.5661643 L11.627691,3.5661643 L9.7349787,5.4588776 L4.8993444,0.62324351 L5.0666013,0.55490673 C5.5510159,0.36389247 6.0585575,0.21878535 6.5838675,0.12495131 C6.8465204,0.078035071 7.1136146,0.043936942 7.3844767,0.023327276 C7.5199089,0.013022465 7.6562829,0.0060896641 7.7935166,0.0026129775 C7.862133,0.00087448902 7.9309645,4.5157563E-08 8,0 z"/>
</Grid>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>

logo使用了一个Path路径来绘制,

    <!-- ApplicationName Style -->
<Style x:Key="ApplicationNameStyle" TargetType="TextBlock">
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource NavigationForegroundColorBrush}"/>
<Setter Property="FontSize" Value="14"/>
<Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold"/>
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="0,2,0,0"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Center"/>
<Setter Property="Effect">
<Setter.Value>
<DropShadowEffect BlurRadius="10" Opacity="0.25" ShadowDepth="0"/>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>

AppName程序名使用到了Effect转换,添加了DropShadowEffect阴影效果,所使用到的画笔资源同样在Styles.xaml中添加,

    <!-- Primary Color Brushes -->
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="NavigationBackgroundColorBrush" Color="#FF484848"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="HighLightColorBrush" Color="#FF0097FC"/>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="NavigationForegroundColorBrush" Color="#FFFFFFFF"/>

重新生成项目,可以看到logo区域LogoBorder的样式Style已经发生了变化


  为了实现Silverlight模板页的效果,在页面中添加一块内容区域ContentBorder,当点击到不同页面时改变的只是内容区域,

        <!--ContentBorder-->
<Border x:Name="ContentBorder" Style="{StaticResource ContentBorderStyle}">
<!--添加引用 xmlns:navigation-->
<navigation:Frame x:Name="ContentFrame" Style="{StaticResource ContentFrameStyle}" Source="/Home" Navigated="ContentFrame_Navigated" >
<!--添加引用 xmlns:uriMapper-->
<navigation:Frame.UriMapper>
<uriMapper:UriMapper>
<uriMapper:UriMapping Uri="" MappedUri="/Views/Home.xaml"/>
<uriMapper:UriMapping Uri="/{pageName}" MappedUri="/Views/{pageName}.xaml"/>
</uriMapper:UriMapper>
</navigation:Frame.UriMapper>
</navigation:Frame>
</Border>

navigation:Frame框架,需要添加引用命名空间    xmlns:navigation="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Navigation" ,

navigation:Frame.UriMapper对地址url对象的映射,需要添加引用命名空间    xmlns:uriMapper="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Navigation;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Navigation",

需要用到样式Style,同样在Styles.xaml文件中添加如下,

    <!-- Content Border Style -->
<Style x:Key="ContentBorderStyle" TargetType="Border">
<Setter Property="Background">
<Setter.Value>
<!--LinearGradientBrush 线性渐变-->
<LinearGradientBrush EndPoint="0.5,0.045" StartPoint="0.5,0">
<GradientStop Color="#6FCCCCCC"/>
<GradientStop Color="#00CCCCCC" Offset="1"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="#FFFFFFFF"/>
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0,3,0,0"/>
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="0,42,0,0"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
</Style>

<!-- Content Frame Style -->
<!--添加引用 xmlns:navigation-->
<Style x:Key="ContentFrameStyle" TargetType="navigation:Frame">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Transparent"/>
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="Transparent"/>
<!--Padding 内边距-->
<Setter Property="Padding" Value="58,15,58,15"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Stretch"/>
</Style>

  地址映射UriMapper的作用,是将标识符(URL)转换为新的相对路径(url),在程序中调用时会很简单和便于管理,

                <navigation:Frame.UriMapper>
<uriMapper:UriMapper>
<uriMapper:UriMapping Uri="" MappedUri="/Views/Home.xaml"/>
<uriMapper:UriMapping Uri="/{pageName}" MappedUri="/Views/{pageName}.xaml"/>
</uriMapper:UriMapper>
</navigation:Frame.UriMapper>

可以看到在地址栏中,只有#/Home,地址映射UriMapper会将其映射为相对路径/Views/Home.xaml


 

  在HeadGrid区域中,添加一个超链接区域AboutBorder,用来演示不通页面间的切换,

            <!--AboutBorder-->
<Border x:Name="AboutBorder" Style="{StaticResource AboutBorderStyle}">
<StackPanel x:Name="AboutStackPanel" Style="{StaticResource AboutStackPanelStyle}">
<HyperlinkButton x:Name="LinkHome" Style="{StaticResource LinkStyle}" NavigateUri="/Home" TargetName="ContentFrame" Content="主页"/>
<Rectangle x:Name="Divider1" Style="{StaticResource DividerStyle}"/>
<HyperlinkButton x:Name="LinkAbout" Style="{StaticResource LinkStyle}" NavigateUri="/About" TargetName="ContentFrame" Content="关于"/>
</StackPanel>
</Border>

超链接区域AboutBorder中,用到了一个StackPanel容器,存放两个HyperlinkButton超链接按钮,TargetName="ContentFrame"说明需要导航到的框架名为内容区域ContentFrame,用到的样式Style,在样式文件Styles.xaml中添加,

    <!-- About Border Style -->
<Style x:Key="AboutBorderStyle" TargetType="Border">
<Setter Property="Height" Value="42"/>
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="25,0,25,0"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Right"/>
</Style>

<!-- About StackPanel Style -->
<Style x:Key="AboutStackPanelStyle" TargetType="StackPanel">
<Setter Property="VerticalAlignment" Value="Center"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Left"/>
<Setter Property="Orientation" Value="Horizontal"/>
</Style>
    <!-- Link Style -->
<Style x:Key="LinkStyle" TargetType="HyperlinkButton">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource HighLightColorBrush}"/>
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="#FF9D9492"/>
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{StaticResource NavigationForegroundColorBrush}"/>
<Setter Property="FontSize" Value="12"/>
<Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Hand"/>
<Setter Property="MinHeight" Value="28"/>
<Setter Property="MinWidth" Value="78"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
<Setter Property="Padding" Value="8,4,8,4"/>
</Style>

<!-- Divider Style -->
<Style x:Key="DividerStyle" TargetType="Rectangle">
<Setter Property="Fill" Value="#1FFFFFFF"/>
<Setter Property="Stroke" Value="Transparent"/>
<Setter Property="Width" Value="1"/>
<Setter Property="Margin" Value="2,4,2,4"/>
</Style>

重新生成项目,可以看到超链接区域AboutBorder的样式Style发生了改变,

点击超链接"主页"和"关于",可以实现两个页面间的切换,变换内容区域ContentBorder,其中显示新建的Home.xaml和About.xaml的内容


 

Silverlight学习笔记目录


 

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