Android 自定义View实现波浪动画

效果演示

代码调用与实现效果

xml中调用

    <developer.shivam.waveview.Wave
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:amplitude="100"
        app:quadrant="0.5"
        app:speed="0.15"/>

实现原理

属性配置

attrs.xml文件中,进行属性配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
    <declare-styleable name="Wave">
        <!--波浪颜色-->
        <attr name="waveColor" format="color"/>
        <!--波浪背景颜色-->
        <attr name="waveBackgroundColor" format="color"/>
        <!--波浪速度-->
        <attr name="speed" format="float"/>
        <!--正弦曲线相关-->
        <!--波浪振幅-->
        <attr name="amplitude" format="integer"/>
        <!--波浪相对于控件的位置-->
        <attr name="quadrant" format="float"/>
        <!--波浪的频率-->
        <attr name="frequency" format="float"/>
    </declare-styleable>
</resources>

获取属性,同时对属性赋默认值

  final TypedArray array = context.obtainStyledAttributes(set, R.styleable.Wave);
        mSpeed = array.getFloat(R.styleable.Wave_speed, DEFAULT_SPEED);
        mWaveColor = array.getColor(R.styleable.Wave_waveColor, DEFAULT_WAVE_COLOR);
        mWaveBKColor = array.getColor(R.styleable.Wave_waveBackgroundColor, DEFAULT_WAVE_BK_COLOR);
        mAmplitude = array.getInt(R.styleable.Wave_amplitude, DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE);
        mQuadrant = array.getFloat(R.styleable.Wave_quadrant, DEFAULT_QUADRANT);
        mFrequency = array.getFloat(R.styleable.Wave_frequency, DEFAULT_FREQUENCY);
        array.recycle();

绘制波浪

在onDraw()中使用Canvas进行绘制即可,这里需要注意的正弦曲线的绘制.

正弦曲线(y=Asin(ωx+φ)+k)的一些参数如下:
A——振幅，当物体作轨迹符合正弦曲线的直线往复运动时，其值为行程的1/2。
(ωx+φ)——相位，反映变量y所处的状态。
φ——初相，x=0时的相位；反映在坐标系上则为图像的左右移动。
k——偏距，反映在坐标系上则为图像的上移或下移。
ω——角速度， 控制正弦周期(单位角度内震动的次数)。

onDraw中的代码:

@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
    super.onDraw(canvas);
    final int width = getWidth();
    final int height = getHeight();

    final int waveHeight = (int) (getHeight() * mQuadrant);
    // 绘制背景
    canvas.drawColor(mWaveBKColor);
    mWavePath.moveTo(0, height);
    mWavePath.lineTo(0, waveHeight);
    for (int i = 1; i <= width; i++) {
        // 绘制正弦曲线 y = A Sin(ωt+ ρ) = A sin(2πft + ρ)
        final float y = (float) (waveHeight + mAmplitude * Math.sin(2 * Math.PI * i * mFrequency + mShift));
        mWavePath.lineTo(i, y);
    }
    // 将曲线闭合
    mWavePath.lineTo(width, height);
    canvas.drawPath(mWavePath, mWavePaint);
}

波浪动画

这时波浪应该已经绘制完成了,下面使用Handler中的周期任务实现动画效果.

// 创建一个周期任务,它的职责是改变正弦曲线的偏移量
  final class WaveAnimation implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            mWavePath.reset();
            mShift += mSpeed;
            invalidate();
            Wave.this.postDelayed(this, DEFAULT_PERIOD);
        }
    }

在View被创建的时候让它进行执行

// 开始波浪动画
postDelayed(new WaveAnimation(), DEFAULT_PERIOD);

完整代码

public class Wave extends View {

    // 默认属性值
    private static final int DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE = 200;
    private static final int DEFAULT_PERIOD = 16;
    private static final float DEFAULT_SPEED = .1F;
    private static final float DEFAULT_QUADRANT = .33F;
    private static final float DEFAULT_FREQUENCY = 1F / 360F;
    private static final int DEFAULT_WAVE_COLOR = Color.parseColor("#64B5F6");
    private static final int DEFAULT_WAVE_BK_COLOR = Color.parseColor("#EEEEEE");

    @SuppressWarnings("FieldCanBeLocal")
    @ColorInt
    private int mWaveColor;
    @ColorInt
    private int mWaveBKColor;
    // 振幅
    private int mAmplitude;
    // 波浪位于View的位置
    private float mQuadrant;
    // 波浪的频率,这个值越大,波浪越密集
    private float mFrequency;

    // 速度
    private float mSpeed;
    private float mShift;

    private final Paint mWavePaint = new Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
    private final Path mWavePath = new Path();



    public Wave(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public Wave(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public Wave(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init(context, attrs);
    }

    private void init(Context context, AttributeSet set) {
        final TypedArray array = context.obtainStyledAttributes(set, R.styleable.Wave);
        mSpeed = array.getFloat(R.styleable.Wave_speed, DEFAULT_SPEED);
        mWaveColor = array.getColor(R.styleable.Wave_waveColor, DEFAULT_WAVE_COLOR);
        mWaveBKColor = array.getColor(R.styleable.Wave_waveBackgroundColor, DEFAULT_WAVE_BK_COLOR);
        mAmplitude = array.getInt(R.styleable.Wave_amplitude, DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE);
        mQuadrant = array.getFloat(R.styleable.Wave_quadrant, DEFAULT_QUADRANT);
        mFrequency = array.getFloat(R.styleable.Wave_frequency, DEFAULT_FREQUENCY);
        array.recycle();

        mWavePaint.setStrokeWidth(2);
        mWavePaint.setColor(mWaveColor);

        // 开始波浪动画
        postDelayed(new WaveAnimation(), DEFAULT_PERIOD);
    }


    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        final int width = getWidth();
        final int height = getHeight();

        final int waveHeight = (int) (getHeight() * mQuadrant);
        // 绘制背景
        canvas.drawColor(mWaveBKColor);
        mWavePath.moveTo(0, height);
        mWavePath.lineTo(0, waveHeight);
        for (int i = 1; i <= width; i++) {
            // 绘制正弦曲线 y = A Sin(ωt+ ρ) = A sin(2πft + ρ)
            final float y = (float) (waveHeight + mAmplitude * Math.sin(2 * Math.PI * i * mFrequency + mShift));
            mWavePath.lineTo(i, y);
        }
        // 将曲线闭合
        mWavePath.lineTo(width, height);
        canvas.drawPath(mWavePath, mWavePaint);
    }


    final class WaveAnimation implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            mWavePath.reset();
            mShift += mSpeed;
            invalidate();
            Wave.this.postDelayed(this, DEFAULT_PERIOD);
        }
    }
}