Collections用法整理

Collections (java.util.Collections) 工具类包含了很多有关集合操作的静态方法，使用这些方法能帮我们简化代码。

本文将整理Collections工具类的一些基本方法。

1. 获取List中的最小值

	List<Integer> intList = Arrays.asList(33, 24, 18, 6, 9, 99);
	// 6
	System.out.println(java.util.Collections.min(intList));

2. 获取List中的最大值

	List<Integer> intList = Arrays.asList(33, 24, 18, 6, 9, 99);
	// 99
	System.out.println(java.util.Collections.max(intList));

3. Shuffle

Shuffle方法可以使一个集合的元素乱序化。比如，一副牌的集合为cardList (类型List<Card>), 使用Collections.shuffle(cardList)就能使一副牌处于乱序，达到洗牌的目的。

        List<Integer> intList = Arrays.asList(33, 24, 18, 6, 9, 99);
        Collections.shuffle(intList);
        // 一次测试的结果
        // [6, 18, 33, 24, 99, 9]
        System.out.println(intList);

4. nCopies

该方法用于返回一个不可变列表组成的n个拷贝的指定对象。

	// 生成一个由10个100组成的整数列表
	List<Integer> nCopiesList = Collections.nCopies(10, 100);
	//[100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 100]
        System.out.println(nCopiesList);

5. sort

该方法用于对集合排序。

        List<Integer> intList = Arrays.asList(33, 24, 18, 6, 9, 99);
        Collections.sort(intList);

上述例子没有包含Comparator参数,。我们也可以结合Comparator对对象集合进行排序。 比如对存放Person类的对象集按照年龄进行排序。

package com.thecodesmaple.example.collection;

public class Person {

	private int age;

	private String firstName;

	private String lastName;

	public Person(int age, String firstName, String lastName) {
		this.age = age;
		this.firstName = firstName;
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getFirstName() {
		return firstName;
	}

	public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
		this.firstName = firstName;
	}

	public String getLastName() {
		return lastName;
	}

	public void setLastName(String lastName) {
		this.lastName = lastName;
	}

	public String toString() {
		return "Age: " + age + " FirstName " + firstName + " LastName: "
				+ lastName;
	}

}

List<Person> personList = Arrays.asList(new Person(21, "Eric", "W"),
				new Person(17, "John", "A"), new Person(28, "Allan", "H"),
				new Person(15, "Jonas", "B"));
		// [Age: 21 FirstName Eric LastName: W, Age: 17 FirstName John LastName:
		// A, Age: 28 FirstName Allan LastName: H, Age: 15 FirstName Jonas
		// LastName: B]
		System.out.println(personList);

		Collections.sort(personList, new Comparator<Person>() {

			@Override
			public int compare(Person p1, Person p2) {
				return p1.getAge() - p2.getAge();
			}

		});

		// [Age: 15 FirstName Jonas LastName: B, Age: 17 FirstName John
		// LastName: A, Age: 21 FirstName Eric LastName: W, Age: 28 FirstName
		// Allan LastName: H]
		System.out.println("按照年龄排序后:");
		System.out.println(personList);

6. binarySearch

        List<Integer> intList = Arrays.asList(33, 24, 18, 6, 9, 99);
	// 2
	System.out.println(Collections.binarySearch(intList, 18));

7. copy

用两个参数，一个目标 List 和一个源 List, 将源的元素拷贝到目标，并覆盖它的内容。目标 List至少与源一样长。

List<String> listOne = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D");
		List<String> listTwo = Arrays.asList("X", "Y", "Z");
		Collections.copy(listOne, listTwo);
		System.out.println(listOne);// [X, Y, Z, D]
		System.out.println(listTwo);//[X, Y, Z]

8. disJoint

用于检查两个集合有无相同的元素，如果没有则返回true。

		List<String> list3 = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D");
		List<String> list4 = Arrays.asList("X", "Y", "Z");
		boolean disJoint = Collections.disjoint(list3, list4);
		// true
		System.out.println(disJoint);

9. fill

使用指定元素替换指定列表中的所有元素

		List<String> testList = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D");
		Collections.fill(testList, "Z");
		// [Z, Z, Z, Z]
		System.out.println(testList);

10. frequency

获取某个元素在集合中出现的次数。

		List<String> testList = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D");
		int freq = Collections.frequency(testList, "A");
		// 1
		System.out.println(freq);

11. indexOfSubList

返回指定源列表中第一次出现指定目标列表的起始位置

int index = Collections.indexOfSubList(Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C"),
				Arrays.asList("B"));
		// Print 1
		System.out.println(index);

12. lastIndexOfSubList

返回指定源列表中最后一次出现指定目标列表的起始位置

		int lastIndex = Collections.lastIndexOfSubList(
				Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "B"), Arrays.asList("B"));
		// Print 3
		System.out.println(lastIndex);

13. emptyXXX

请参考之前的文章 http://thecodesample.com/?p=80

14. checkedXXX

		List<String> stringList = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D");
		List<String> typeSafeList = Collections.checkedList(stringList, String.class);
		//[A, B, C, D]
		System.out.println(typeSafeList);

15. reverse

反转列表中的元素顺序。

List<String> reverseCandidate = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C");
		Collections.reverse(reverseCandidate);
		// [C, B, A]
		System.out.println(reverseCandidate);

16. replaceAll

 

List<String> replaceAllCandidate = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C");
		// 将A用Z代替
		Collections.replaceAll(replaceAllCandidate, "A", "Z");
		// [Z, B, C]
		System.out.println(replaceAllCandidate);

17. swap

指定一个目标集合以及两个元素的索引，交换这两个指定位置元素的值。

List<String> swapCandidate = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C");
		// 首尾元素交换
		Collections.swap(swapCandidate, 0, 2);
		// [C, B, A]
		System.out.println(swapCandidate);

18. synchronizedXXX

Collection<String> c = Collections
				.synchronizedCollection(new ArrayList<String>());
		List<String> list = Collections
				.synchronizedList(new ArrayList<String>());
		Set<String> set = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<String>());
		Map<String, String> m = Collections
				.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<String, String>());

19. unmodifiableXXX

		List<String> unmodifiableList = Collections.unmodifiableList(Arrays
				.asList("A", "B", "C"));
		 unmodifiableList.add("D");//此动作会抛异常
		// Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
		// at java.util.Collections$UnmodifiableCollection.add(Unknown Source)
		// at
		// com.thecodesmaple.example.collection.CollectionsExample.main(CollectionsExample.java:149)

20. singletonXXX

String init[] = { "One", "Two", "Three", "One", "Two", "Three" };
		List list1 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(init));
		List list2 = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(init));
		list1.remove("One");
		// [Two, Three, One, Two, Three]
		System.out.println(list1);
		// [Two, Three, Two, Three]
		list2.removeAll(Collections.singleton("One"));
		System.out.println(list2);

21. rotate

根据指定的距离循环移动指定列表中的元素

		List<String> rotateList = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F");
		// [F, A, B, C, D, E]
		// Collections.rotate(rotateList, 1);
		// System.out.println(rotateList);

		Collections.rotate(rotateList, 3);
		// [D, E, F, A, B, C]
		System.out.println(rotateList);

22. reverseOrder

 

		List<String> reverseOrderTest = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D", "E",
				"F");
		Comparator c = Collections.reverseOrder();
		Collections.sort(reverseOrderTest, c);
		// [F, E, D, C, B, A]
		System.out.println(reverseOrderTest);

转自:http://thecodesample.com/?p=122