利用多线程+Handler来完成UI的交互是常见的操作,而匿名Runnable对象的使用也是在多线程使用时常用的,那么使用时会在什么情况下导致内存泄漏的发生呢?
- 首先看以下的代码:
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mLeakHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}, 60*60*1000);
}
private final Handler mLeakHandler = new Handler() {
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};
}
- Android lint工具中会有以下的警告信息:
ThisHandler class should be static or leaks might occur
- 内存泄漏如何会发生呢?首先看以下的知识:
- android应用第一次启动时,framework会在主线中创建一个Looper对象(Looper对象实现了一个简单的消息队列,生命周期跟应用相同,其管理的消息包括Activity lifecycle方法的调用,Button点击事件,当然也包括我们主动调用的,handler.sendMessage)
- 当Handler对象在主线程实例化以后,其就会与Looper消息队列关联到一起,队列上的Message对象持有Handler引用,使得Looper处理某个消息时,会调用Hander#handlerMessage方法。
- java中,非静态内部类和匿名内部类持有隐式的外部类引用,而静态内部类没有隐式引用。
- 当Activity finish之后,延迟处理消息在主线程消息队列中保持1个小时,知道消息最终处理,消息中有Handler引用,而Handler有外部类MainActivity引用,这样Activity的Context就不能被回收,匿名Runnable对象同理
- 如何修改原来的程序?
只需要将Handler类和Runnable改为静态内部类。
如何调用外部类的方法?
可以通过内部静态类持有外部类的弱引用来实现;
- 具体修改代码如下:
<pre name="code" class="java"> protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mHandler.postDelayed(mRunnable, 60*60*1000);
}
private static class MyHandler extends Handler {
private final WeakReference<MainActivity> mActivity;
public MyHandler(MainActivity activity) {
mActivity = new WeakReference<MainActivity>(activity);
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
private final MyHandler mHandler = new MyHandler(this);
private static Runnable mRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
};
- 其他:
- PendingIntent的send方法,如果某个类调用PendingIntent.send(),并且传入非静态内部类Handler类,也会导致内存泄漏;
- 如果想要重用,可以创建一个通用类:
public abstract class WeakReferenceHandler<T> extends Handler {
private WeakReference<T> mReference;
public WeakReferenceHandler(T reference) {
mReference = new WeakReference<T>(reference);
}
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.handleMessage(msg);
if(mReference.get() == null)
return ;
handleMessage(mReference.get(), msg);
}
protected abstract void handleMessage(T reference, Message msg);
}
private final MyHandler2 mHandler2 = new MyHandler2(this);
private static class MyHandler2 extends WeakReferenceHandler<MainActivity> {
public MyHandler2(MainActivity reference) {
super(reference);
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
protected void handleMessage(MainActivity reference, Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}