windows shell program(1)

 Shell扩展就是对explorer的扩展。

主要分为四个部分：ContexMenu扩展、Property Sheet扩展、Drag and drop扩展、Drop扩展及QueryInfo扩展。

ContextMenu扩展是一种最常用的扩展。当用户右键单击文件或文件夹对象时，或在一个文件夹窗口中的背景处单击右键时，可以将扩展的菜单项加入上下文菜单中，并可响应一定的事件。Now we explain the ContexMenu through a simple project.

There are two interfaces must be implemented --IShellExtInit and IContextMenu.(the <comdef.h>should be include).
Initialize Interface:
-- IShellExtInit:The Explorer will call the function"QueryInterface" of COM object while we load the shell extension, to get IshellExtInit's interface pointer.
There is only one methead in IShellExtInit----Initialize(LPCITEMIDLIST pidlFolder, LPDATAOBJECT pDataObj, HKEY hKey).
pidlFolder:The current folder's PIDL.   pDataObj:It is a IDataObject pointer.We can get the selected files' full path through the pointer.    hKey: It can give us the dll's register data.

class ATL_NO_VTABLE CDllShelReg :
 public CComObjectRootEx<CComSingleThreadModel>,
 public CComCoClass<CDllShelReg, &CLSID_DllShelReg>,
 public IDispatchImpl<IDllShelReg, &IID_IDllShelReg, &LIBID_DLLREGLib>,
 public IShellExtInit,  // implement the IShellExtInit interface
 public IContextMenu
{
public:
 CDllShelReg()
 {
  }

DECLARE_REGISTRY_RESOURCEID(IDR_DLLSHELREG)

DECLARE_PROTECT_FINAL_CONSTRUCT()

BEGIN_COM_MAP(CDllShelReg)  //COM_MAP is a macro to implement the QueryInterface().The list
                                                              //  included by it tell ATL that other client program can get what interfaces 
                                                              //   from our COM Object.
 COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IDllShelReg)
 COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IDispatch)
 COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IShellExtInit)
 COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IContextMenu)
END_COM_MAP()

ContextMenu Interface:
After initialize, the Explorer will call the IContextMenu to add the menu item and provide the state's tips atc.
There are three methods in IContextMenu:QueryContextMenu/GetCommandString/InvokeCommand.
---QueryContextMenu(HMENU hmenu , UINT uMenuId, UINT uidFisrt, UINT uidLast, UINT uFlags):
hmenu:contextmenu handle.
uMenuId: The start pos to add our menuitem.
uidFirst/uidLast: The IDs that we can use.
uFlags: We should know one important flag--CMF_DEFAULTONLY. The flag tell the shell that it will retain its default menu items.We cannot add other items to it . And then we return it with MAKE_HRESULT(SEVERITY_SUCCESS, FACILITY_NULL,0).
-----GetCommandString(UINT idCmd, UINT uFlags, UINT *pwReserved, LPSTR pszName, UINT cchMax).
When the user right click the file in explorer or select a file, there are some help strings can show in the state windows.
idCmd     : A counter bases on Zero.It indicates which menuitem be selected.
*pwReserved: reserved
pszName: Point to a buffer owned by shell, where we can copy the hlep string to.
cchMax    : The buffer size
return: S_OK or E_FAIL
------ InvokeCommand(LPCMINVOKECOMMANDINFO pCmdInfo).  The function will be called when users click our new menuitem.
pcmdInfo: In fact ,all the informations are included in the struct. But ,we only care two items'lpVerd' and 'hwnd'.
'lpVerd' has to functions--verb name or menu index id. 'hwnd'-- the explorer's handle in which activate our exten menu.

about regedit: 

HKCR   //HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
{
    NoRemove txtfile
    {
        NoRemove ShellEx
        {
            NoRemove ContextMenuHandlers
            {
                ForceRemove SimpleShlExt = s '{5E2121EE-0300-11D4-8D3B-444553540000}'
            }
        }
    }
}

HKCR   //HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
NoRemove // The keyvalue not be delete when unregister the com server
ForceRemove //If the key already has a value, it must be delete when set a new value.