opencv-车辆牌照识别（一）

步骤：车辆牌照灰度化——车辆牌照二值化——遍历每一行像素，去掉上下边框及铆钉——遍历每一列像素，去掉左右边框——字符分割——字符匹配（字符匹配采用SSIM方法）

#include<iostream>
#include "stdio.h"  
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include"match.h"
using namespace cv;

int main()
{

    IplImage*src=cvLoadImage("C:\\Users\\aoe\\Desktop\\chepai\\1.jpg");
    IplImage*dst = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    for (int i=0; i<src->height; i++) //将src灰度化得到dst,图像灰度化
    {                   
        for (int j=0; j<src->width; j++) 
        {                    
            CvScalar s = cvGet2D(src, i, j);
            int grayscale = (int)(s.val[0] * 0.299 + s.val[1] * 0.587 + s.val[2] * 0.114);
            CvScalar ds;
            ds.val[0] = grayscale;
            cvSet2D(dst, i, j, ds);
        }                         
    }
    IplImage*erzhitu = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i<dst->height; i++) //将dst二值化得到erzhitu,图像二值化
    {
        for (int j = 0; j<dst->width; j++)
        {
            CvScalar ls = cvGet2D(dst, i, j);
            CvScalar ms;
            if (ls.val[0] > 125)//将阈值人为地定义为125
            {
                ms.val[0] = 255;
                cvSet2D(erzhitu, i, j, ms);
            }
            else
            {
                ms.val[0] = 0;
                cvSet2D(erzhitu, i, j, ms);
            }           
        }
    }
    printf("erzhitu->height=%d\n", erzhitu->height);
    int flag_height[1000] = {
  0};
    int flag = 0;
    int real_height1 = 0, real_height2 = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i<erzhitu->height; i++) //统计每一行白色像素的数目
    {
        for (int j = 0; j<erzhitu->width; j++)
        {
            CvScalar ns = cvGet2D(erzhitu, i, j);
            if (ns.val[0] == 255)
            {
                flag += 1;
            }
        }
        flag_height[i] = flag;
        flag = 0;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < erzhitu->height; i++)//从第一行开始遍历，当某一行的像素数大于50且小于200的时候，认为是车牌的开始
    {
        if (flag_height[i]>50 && flag_height[i]<200)
        {
            real_height1 = i;
            printf("real_height1=%d\n", real_height1);
            break;
        }
    }
    for (int i = erzhitu->height-1; i>0; i--)//从最后一行开始遍历，当某一行的像素数大于20且小于200的时候，认为是车牌的结束
    {
        if (flag_height[i]>50 && flag_height[i]<200)
        {
            real_height2 = i;
            printf("real_height2=%d\n", real_height2);
            break;
        }
    }
    IplImage*erzhitu_xiuzheng = cvCreateImage(cvSize(erzhitu->width,real_height2 - real_height1 + 1), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    for (int i = real_height1; i<=real_height2; i++) //得到去掉铆钉后的图像
    {
        for (int j = 0; j<erzhitu->width; j++)
        {
            CvScalar bs = cvGet2D(erzhitu, i, j);
            cvSet2D(erzhitu_xiuzheng, (i-real_height1), j, bs);
        }
    }

    int flag_width[1000] = { 0 };
    int flag1 = 0;
    int real_width1 = 0, real_width2 = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i<erzhitu_xiuzheng->width; i++) //统计每一列白色像素的数目
    {
        for (int j = 0; j<erzhitu_xiuzheng->height; j++)
        {
            CvScalar ts = cvGet2D(erzhitu_xiuzheng, j, i);
            if (ts.val[0] == 255)
            {
                flag1 += 1;
            }
        }
        flag_width[i] = flag1;
        flag1 = 0;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < erzhitu_xiuzheng->width; i++)//从第一列开始遍历，当某一列的像素数大于100的时候，认为是车牌的开始
    {
        if (flag_width[i]>100)
        {
            real_width1 = i;
            printf("real_width1=%d\n", real_width1);
            break;
        }
    }
    for (int i = erzhitu_xiuzheng->width - 1; i>0; i--)//从最后一列开始遍历，当某一列的像素数大于100的时候，认为是车牌的结束
    {
        if (flag_width[i]>100)
        {
            real_width2 = i;
            printf("real_width2=%d\n", real_width2);
            break;
        }
    }
    IplImage*erzhitu_xiuzheng1 = cvCreateImage(cvSize(real_width2 - real_width1 - 5, erzhitu_xiuzheng->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < erzhitu_xiuzheng->height; i++) //得到去掉周边白框的图像
    {
        for (int j = real_width1 + 3; j <= real_width2 - 3; j++)
        {
            CvScalar ws = cvGet2D(erzhitu_xiuzheng, i, j);
            cvSet2D(erzhitu_xiuzheng1, i, (j - real_width1 -