YOLOv8 是一个不存在的模型,可能是您想说的是 YOLOv4,那么以下是一个使用 Python 编写 YOLOv4 目标检测模型的示例代码:
1. 首先安装相关依赖:
```python
!pip install tensorflow-gpu==2.4.0 opencv-python
```
2. 导入必要的库:
```python
import cv2
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras import layers, models
```
3. 构建模型:
```python
def YOLOv4(input_shape=(608, 608, 3), num_classes=80):
input_layer = layers.Input(shape=input_shape)
# Backbone
x = layers.Conv2D(32, (3, 3), padding='same', use_bias=False)(input_layer)
x = layers.BatchNormalization()(x)
x = layers.Activation('relu')(x)
x = layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), strides=(2, 2), padding='same', use_bias=False)(x)
x = layers.BatchNormalization()(x)
x = layers.Activation('relu')(x)
# YOLOv4 的主干网络包含了大量的 SPP 和 CSP 模块,这里不一一列举,可以参考相关论文和代码实现
# Head
x = layers.Conv2D(512, (1, 1), padding='same', use_bias=False)(x)
x = layers.BatchNormalization()(x)
x = layers.Activation('relu')(x)
x = layers.Conv2D(1024, (3, 3), strides=(2, 2), padding='same', use_bias=False)(x)
x = layers.BatchNormalization()(x)
x = layers.Activation('relu')(x)
x = layers.Conv2D(512, (1, 1), padding='same', use_bias=False)(x)
x = layers.BatchNormalization()(x)
x = layers.Activation('relu')(x)
x = layers.Conv2D(1024, (3, 3), strides=(2, 2), padding='same', use_bias=False)(x)
x = layers.BatchNormalization()(x)
x = layers.Activation('relu')(x)
# 最终输出的 feature map
x = layers.Conv2D(255, (1, 1), padding='same')(x)
output_layer = layers.Reshape((tf.shape(x)[1], tf.shape(x)[2], 3, 85))(x)
model = models.Model(input_layer, output_layer)
return model
```
4. 加载预训练权重(可选):
```python
def load_weights(model, weights_file):
with open(weights_file, 'rb') as f:
major, minor, revision, seen, _ = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.int32, count=5)
layers = model.layers
for layer in layers:
if any([s in layer.name for s in ['conv2d', 'batch_norm']]):
if 'conv2d' in layer.name:
kernel = layer.kernel
filters = kernel.shape[-1]
shape = kernel.shape[::-1]
bn_name = layer.name.replace('conv2d', 'batch_norm')
else:
filters = layer.gamma.shape[-1]
shape = (1, 1, 1, filters)
bn_name = layer.name
bias = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32, count=filters)
scale = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32, count=filters)
mean = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32, count=filters)
var = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32, count=filters)
kernel_weights = np.fromfile(f, dtype=np.float32, count=np.product(shape))
kernel_weights = kernel_weights.reshape(shape)
kernel_weights = kernel_weights.transpose([2, 3, 1, 0])
if 'conv2d' in layer.name:
layer.set_weights([kernel_weights, bias])
else:
layer.set_weights([scale, bias, mean, var])
return model
```
5. 进行目标检测:
```python
# 加载模型
model = YOLOv4()
model = load_weights(model, 'yolov4.weights')
# 加载类别标签
with open('coco.names', 'r') as f:
class_names = [cname.strip() for cname in f.readlines()]
# 加载测试图片
image = cv2.imread('test.jpg')
image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
# 图片预处理
image_size = image.shape[:2]
image_data = cv2.resize(image, (608, 608))
image_data = image_data[np.newaxis, ...].astype(np.float32) / 255.0
# 模型推理
pred = model.predict(image_data)
# 后处理
boxes, scores, classes = tf.image.combined_non_max_suppression(
boxes=tf.reshape(pred[:, :, :, :, :4], (-1, 4)),
scores=tf.reshape(pred[:, :, :, :, 4:5] * pred[:, :, :, :, 5:], (-1,)),
max_output_size_per_class=100,
max_total_size=100,
iou_threshold=0.45,
score_threshold=0.25
)
boxes = boxes.numpy()
scores = scores.numpy()
classes = classes.numpy().astype(int)
# 绘制检测结果
for i in range(len(boxes)):
if scores[i] > 0.25:
x1, y1, x2, y2 = boxes[i]
x1 = int(x1 / 608 * image_size[1])
y1 = int(y1 / 608 * image_size[0])
x2 = int(x2 / 608 * image_size[1])
y2 = int(y2 / 608 * image_size[0])
label = class_names[classes[i]]
cv2.rectangle(image, (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (0, 255, 0), 2)
cv2.putText(image, label, (x1, y1 - 10), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX, 0.5, (0, 255, 0), 1)
cv2.imshow('result', image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
```
以上代码仅作为示例参考,具体实现还需要根据自己的需求进行修改。同时,由于 YOLOv4 模型相对较大,需要较强的计算资源才能进行训练和推理。