搭建python的web环境 Centos5.4+Nginx-0.8.50+UWSGI-0.9.6.2+Django-1.2.3搭建高性能WEB服务器环境

之前一直使用Nginx+Fastcgi来搭建python web服务器，本文介绍Nginx+UWSGI组合来实现。uWSGI 是一个快速的、纯C语言开发的、自维护的、对开发者友好的WSGI服务器，旨在提供专业的 Python web应用发布和开发。它更符合python web的标准协议，速度要比Fastcgi要快、性能更加稳定。
一、安装平台
1、安装pcre

cd /home
mkdir -p /home/install/nginx && cd /home/install/nginx
wget http://ftp.exim.llorien.org/pcre/pcre-8.00.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pcre-8.00.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.00
./configure
make && make install
cd ..


2、安装Nginx


wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.50.tar.gz
tar -zxvf nginx-0.8.50.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.50/
./configure --user=nobody --group=nobody --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-cc-opt='-O3' --with-cpu-opt=opteron
make && make install
cd ..


3、安装python&Mysql-python


wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.5.1/Python-2.5.1.tgz
tar -zxvf Python-2.5.1.tgz
cd Python-2.5.1
./configure && make && make install
echo "export PATH=/$PATH:/usr/local/bin" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile


4、安装MySql-python


cd ../
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mysql-python/mysql-python/1.2.2/MySQL-python-1.2.2.tar.gz?r=&ts=1285248455&use_mirror=nchc
cd MySQL-python-1.2.2
python setup.py install


5、安装Django


wget http://www.djangoproject.com/download/1.2.3/tarball/
tar -zxvf Django-1.2.3.tar.gz
cd Django-1.2.3
python setup.py install
cd ..


6、安装uWSGI


wget http://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-0.9.6.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf uwsgi-0.9.6.2.tar.gz
cd uwsgi-0.9.6.2
make
cp uwsgi /usr/bin

二、平台配置
1、平台环境说明
  1.1、项目位置：/opt/www/Purgesys
   创建项目方法：


cd /opt/www
django-admin.py startproject Purgesys


  1.2、查看项目(出现以下文件结构说明项目已创建成功)
  #tree Purgesys


Purgesys
|-- __init__.py
|-- manage.py
|-- settings.py
`-- urls.py


2、Nginx相关配置
#cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
#vi django_uwsgi.conf

# Django project
server {
        listen  80;
        server_name purgesys.domain.com;


        location / {
            uwsgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            include     uwsgi_params;
            access_log  off;
        }

        location ^~ /static {
                root   /opt/www/Purgesys;
        }

        location ^~ /admin/ {
            uwsgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            include  uwsgi_params;
            access_log   off;
        }

        location ~* ^.+/.(mpg|avi|mp3|swf|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|rtf|mpeg)$ {
            root   /opt/www/Purgesys/static;
            access_log   off;
        }

}

*Nginx-0.8.50默认已添加uwsgi输出头支持
include uwsgi_params;
#vi nginx.conf
追加子配置文件django_uwsgi.conf

http{
........
include django_uwsgi.conf;
}

3、UWSGI配置
#mkdir -p /home/uwsgi;cd /home/uwsgi
#mkdir -p /opt/www/logs
#vi uwsgi.xml

<uwsgi>
  <socket>127.0.0.1:9000</socket>
  <listen>200</listen>
  <master>true</master>
  <pidfile>/usr/local/nginx/uwsgi.pid</pidfile>
  <processes>8</processes>
  <pythonpath>/opt/www/Purgesys</pythonpath>
  <pythonpath>/opt/www/</pythonpath>
  <module>django_wsgi</module>
  <profiler>true</profiler>
  <memory-report>true</memory-report>
  <enable-threads>true</enable-threads>
  <logdate>true</logdate>
  <limit-as>6048</limit-as>
  <daemonize>/opt/www/logs/django.log</daemonize>
</uwsgi>

4、创建应用模块
cd /opt/www/Purgesys
vi django_wsgi.py

import os
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'Purgesys.settings'
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

5、启动服务
#/usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

6、查看进程
#[liuts@webserver nginx]# ps -ef|grep uwsgi|grep -v grep

root     21652     1  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root     21653 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root     21654 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root     21655 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root     21656 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root     21657 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root     21658 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root     21659 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
root     21660 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml


7、监听端口
#[liuts@webserver nginx]# netstat -an|grep 9000

tcp        0      127.0.0.1:9000                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN


8、访问测试
输入http://serverip/

大功告成！

*附uwsgi启动脚本
#cd /home/uwsgi
#vi uwsgiserver.sh

#!/bin/bash
if [ $1 = start ];then
  psid=`ps aux|grep "uwsgi"|grep -v "grep"|wc -l`
  if [ $psid -gt 2 ];then
    echo "uwsgi is running!"
    exit 0
  else
    /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
  fi
  echo "Start uwsgi service [OK]"
elif [ $1 = stop ];then
  killall -9 uwsgi
  echo "Stop uwsgi service [OK]"
elif [ $1 = restart ];then
  killall -9 uwsgi
  /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
  echo "Restart uwsgi service [OK]"
else
  echo "Usages: sh uwsgiserver.sh [start|stop|restart]"
fi

#sh uwsgiserver.sh start
[uWSGI] parsing config file /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
Start uwsgi service [OK]