Andriod: 在xml布局中使用自定义属性

转载：http://www.cnblogs.com/hibraincol/archive/2011/10/27/2227149.html

今天在看android froyo的launcher2 源码的时候，在launcher.xml中看到有这么一段代码：

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< com.android.launcher2.DragLayer      xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      xmlns:launcher = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.launcher"        android:id = "@+id/drag_layer"      android:layout_width = "match_parent"      android:layout_height = "match_parent" >        < include  layout = "@layout/all_apps"  />        <!-- The workspace contains 3 screens of cells -->      < com.android.launcher2.Workspace          android:id = "@+id/workspace"          android:layout_width = "match_parent"          android:layout_height = "match_parent"          android:scrollbars = "horizontal"          android:fadeScrollbars = "true"          launcher:defaultScreen = "2" >

注意到其中的两处：

xmlns:launcher=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.launcher”

和

launcher:defaultScreen="2"

可以看出在这个布局文件中，使用了自定义属性。

 

以前没遇到过，既然这里碰到了，就顺便学习下，下面就写个简单的示例，权当学习笔记，便于以后查阅。

1. 定义一些自定义属性

建立一个属性xml文件： values/attrs.xml, 内容如下：

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<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "utf-8"  ?> < resources >      <!-- the relation between the icon and text. -->      < attr  name = "relation" >          < enum  name = "icon_left"      value = "0"  />          < enum  name = "icon_right"     value = "1"  />          < enum  name = "icon_above"     value = "2"  />          < enum  name = "icon_below"     value = "3"  />      </ attr >            < skip  />            < declare-styleable  name = "IconText" >           < attr  name = "relation"  />           < attr  name = "icon"          format = "reference"  />            < attr  name = "text"          format = "string"  />         < attr  name = "text_size"      format = "dimension"  />         < attr  name = "text_color"     format = "integer"  />         < attr  name = "space"          format = "dimension"  />      </ declare-styleable >       </ resources >

解释如下：

属性relation有4种可选值：icon_left, icon_right, icon_above,icon_below.

属性icon的可选值为引用： 例如："@/drawbable/icon".

属性text的可选值为string， 例如： "Hello world", 也可是string的引用"@string/hello".

属性text_size的可选值为尺寸大小，例如：20sp、18dip、20px等.

属性text_color的可选值为整数，例如："0xfffffff"， 也可以是color的引用"@color/white".

 

2. 定义一个能够处理这些属性值的view或者layout类

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package  com.braincol.viewattrs;     import  android.content.Context; import  android.content.res.TypedArray; import  android.util.AttributeSet; import  android.util.Log; import  android.widget.ImageView; import  android.widget.LinearLayout; import  android.widget.TextView;   public  class  IconTextView  extends  LinearLayout {      private  final  static  String TAG = "IconTextView" ;      private  final  int  ICON_LEFT = 0 ;      private  final  int  ICON_RIGHT = 1 ;      private  final  int  ICON_ABOVE = 2 ;      private  final  int  ICON_BELOW = 3 ;        private  TextView mTextView;      private  ImageView mImageView;        private  int  mRelation = ICON_LEFT;      private  String mText = "" ;      private  int  mIconId;      private  float  mTextSize;      private  int  mSpace;        public  IconTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs){          super (context, attrs);          TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.IconText);            mRelation = a.getInt(R.styleable.IconText_relation, ICON_LEFT);          Log.d(TAG, "mRelation: " +mRelation);            mText = a.getString(R.styleable.IconText_text);          Log.d(TAG, "mText: " +mText);            mTextSize = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.IconText_text_size, 12 );          Log.d(TAG, "mTextSize: " +mTextSize);            mSpace = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.IconText_space, 5 );          Log.d(TAG, "mSpace: " +mSpace);            mIconId = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.IconText_icon, R.drawable.icon);          Log.d(TAG, "mIconId: " +mIconId);            a.recycle();            mTextView = new  TextView(context);          mTextView.setText(mText);          mTextView.setTextSize(mTextSize);            mImageView = new  ImageView(context);          mImageView.setImageResource(mIconId);               int  left    = 0 ;          int  top     = 0 ;          int  right    = 0 ;          int  bottom    = 0 ;          int  orientation = HORIZONTAL;          int  textViewIndex = 0 ;          switch (mRelation){          case  ICON_ABOVE:              orientation = VERTICAL;              bottom = mSpace;              textViewIndex = 1 ;              break ;          case  ICON_BELOW:              orientation = VERTICAL;              top = mSpace;              break ;          case  ICON_LEFT:              right = mSpace;              textViewIndex = 1 ;              break ;          case  ICON_RIGHT:              left = mSpace;              break ;          }          this .setOrientation(orientation);          this .addView(mImageView);          mImageView.setPadding(left, top, right, bottom);          this .addView(mTextView, textViewIndex);      } }

可以看出这个LinearLayout 子类IconTextView中只有两个元素，ImageView 和mTextView，通过从xml配置文件中读取属性值来决定icon和text的内容、相对位置及其它属性。

 

3. 在layout布局文件中使用这个自定布局及其属性

layout/main.xml:

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<? xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "utf-8" ?> < LinearLayout  xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      android:orientation = "vertical"      android:layout_width = "fill_parent"      android:layout_height = "fill_parent"      > < com.braincol.viewattrs.IconTextView      android:id = "@+id/icontext_01"      xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      xmlns:icontext = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.braincol.viewattrs"      android:layout_width = "wrap_content"      android:layout_height = "wrap_content"      icontext:relation = "icon_left"      icontext:icon = "@drawable/hi"      icontext:text = "hi,how are you!"      icontext:text_size = "12sp"    />     </ LinearLayout >

可以看到我们在这个布局文件中加入了一个新的命名空间：

xmlns:icontext="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.braincol.viewattrs"   

并使用我们自定义的那些属性：

icontext:relation="icon_left" 
icontext:icon="@drawable/hi" 
icontext:text="hi, how are you !" 
icontext:text_size="30sp" 

4. 在Activity中使用该布局

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package  com.braincol.viewattrs;   import  android.app.Activity; import  android.os.Bundle;   public  class  ViewAttrs extends  Activity {      /** Called when the activity is first created. */      @Override      public  void  onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.main);      } }