Android 6.0权限处理问题轻松搞定

一、权限处理工具类：

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * CreateTime 2017/9/26 22:35
 * Author LiuShiHua
 * Description：权限校验——未获取到权限就去申请
 */

public class PermissionUtil {
    private Activity activity;
    private final PackageManager pm;
    public static final int PERMISSION_REQUEST = 0x99;//权限申请码
    public static final int SETTING_REQUEST = 0x100;//APP设置码
    private static PermissionUtil util;

    public interface OnPermissionCheckListener {
        void onChecked(boolean isAllowed);//是否准许

        void onError();//申请权限报错
    }

    public static PermissionUtil getInstance(Activity activity) {
        if (util == null) {
            util = new PermissionUtil(activity);
        }
        return util;
    }

    private PermissionUtil(Activity activity) {
        this.activity = activity;
        pm = activity.getPackageManager();
    }

    /**
     * 判断当前应用有无权限，没有权限，则去申请
     * <p>
     * onRequestPermissionsResult中返回申请状况（activity中）
     *
     * @param permissionStr 类似Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
     */
    public void checkAndRequestPermission(String permissionStr, OnPermissionCheckListener listener) {
        if (permissionStr == null) return;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {//6.0以上才需要获取权限
            listener.onChecked(true);
            return;
        }
        //判断有无权限
        boolean isPermissionGranted = (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, permissionStr) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED);
        if (listener != null) {
            listener.onChecked(isPermissionGranted);
        }
        if (!isPermissionGranted) {//没有相关权限则去申请
            try {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, new String[]{permissionStr}, PERMISSION_REQUEST);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (listener != null) listener.onError();
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 判断当前应用有无权限，没有权限，则去申请
     * <p>
     * onRequestPermissionsResult中返回申请状况（activity中）
     *
     * @param permissionStrs 类似Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
     */
    public void checkAndRequestPermissions(String[] permissionStrs, OnPermissionCheckListener listener) {
        if (permissionStrs == null) return;
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {//6.0以上才需要获取权限
            listener.onChecked(true);
            return;
        }
        List<String> perList = Arrays.asList(permissionStrs);
        List<String> temp = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < perList.size(); i++) {
            int state = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, perList.get(i));
            if (state != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {//判断有无权限
                temp.add(perList.get(i));
            }
        }
        if (temp.size() > 0) {//没有相关权限则去申请
            if (listener != null) {
                listener.onChecked(false);
            }
            try {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity, temp.toArray(new String[temp.size()]), PERMISSION_REQUEST);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (listener != null) listener.onError();
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else {
            if (listener != null)
                listener.onChecked(true);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 提示用户哪些是未授权的权限
     * 只返回权限信息
     *
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults 0是被允许，-1是被拒绝
     */
    public String getNeedUserSetPerStr(String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
            if (grantResults[i] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {//被拒绝
                buffer.append(getDENIEDPermissionNoticeStr(permissions[i]) + "、");
            }
        }
        if (buffer.toString().length() == 0)
            return null;
        return buffer.toString().substring(0, (buffer.toString().length() - 1));
    }


    //设置应用的权限
    public void setAppSettings(final Activity activity) {
        if (activity != null)
            new AlertDialog.Builder(activity).setTitle("温馨提示")
                    .setMessage("是否进入APP设置界面进行权限设置？")
                    .setNegativeButton("否", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            dialogInterface.dismiss();
                        }
                    })
                    .setPositiveButton("是", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                            dialogInterface.dismiss();
                            goToSet(activity);
                        }
                    })
                    .setCancelable(true)
                    .show();
    }

    //进入APP设置界面
    public void goToSet(Activity activity) {
        String SETTINGS_ACTION = "android.settings.APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS";
        Intent intent = new Intent()
                .setAction(SETTINGS_ACTION)
                .setData(Uri.fromParts("package", activity.getPackageName(), null));
        activity.startActivityForResult(intent, SETTING_REQUEST);
    }

    //获取权限对应的中文提示
    private String getDENIEDPermissionNoticeStr(String permission) {
        switch (permission) {
            case "android.permission.CAMERA":
                return "相机";
            case "android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION":
                return "GPS";
            case "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE":
                return "读写手机存储";
            case "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE":
                return "读写手机存储";
            case "android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE":
                return "获取手机信息";
            case "android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION":
                return "获取位置";
            case "android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO":
                return "录音";
            case "android.permission.READ_CONTACTS":
                return "读取联系人列表";
            case "android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS":
                return "写入联系人";
            case "android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE":
                return "读取WIFI信息";
            case "android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE":
                return "该表WIFI状态";
            case "android.permission.SEND_SMS":
                return "发送短信";
            case "android.permission.READ_SMS":
                return "读取短信";
            case "android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS":
                return "接收短信";
        }
        return "";
    }

    /**
     * 常见权限
     * 按需要求添加到getDENIEDPermissionNoticeStr()
     *
     android.permission-group.CALENDAR
     android.permission.READ_CALENDAR       //读取用户的日程信息
     android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR      //写入用户的日程信息

     android.permission-group.CAMERA
     android.permission.CAMERA          //相机

     android.permission-group.CONTACTS
     android.permission.READ_CONTACTS       //读取联系人列表
     android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS      //写入联系人
     android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS        //访问GMail账户列表

     android.permission-group.LOCATION
     android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION    //GPS定位
     android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION  //通过WiFi或移动基站的方式获取用户错略的经纬度信息

     android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE       //WiFi接入的状态以及WLAN热点的信息
     android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE       //改变WiFi状态
     android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN         //发现和配对新的蓝牙设备

     android.permission-group.MICROPHONE
     android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO            //录音

     android.permission-group.PHONE
     android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE            //获取手机信息
     android.permission.CALL_PHONE                  //拨号
     android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG               //获取拨号记录
     android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG              //写入拨号记录
     com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
     android.permission.USE_SIP                     //允许程序使用SIP视频服务
     android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS      //允许程序监视，修改或放弃播出电话

     android.permission-group.SENSORS
     android.permission.BODY_SENSORS

     android.permission-group.SMS               //短信
     android.permission.SEND_SMS                //发送短信
     android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS             //接收短信
     android.permission.READ_SMS                //读取短信
     android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH        //接收WAP PUSH信息
     android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS             //接收彩信
     android.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS

     android.permission-group.STORAGE   //读写手机存储卡
     android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
     android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

     android.permission.CLEAR_APP_CACHE         //清除应用缓存
     android.permission.CLEAR_APP_USER_DATA     //清除应用的用户数据

     android.permission.DELETE_PACKAGES         //允许程序删除应用
     android.permission.READ_FRAME_BUFFER       //读取帧缓存用于屏幕截图
     *
     */
}

二、调用方法(获取PermissionUtil对象后)

private MapLocationUtil permissionUtil = PermissionUtil.getInstance(this);
private boolean isPermissionOk = false;
//单个权限申请
permissionUtil.checkAndRequestPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA, new PermissionUtil.OnPermissionCheckListener() {
            @Override
            public void onChecked(boolean isAllowed) {

            }

             @Override
            public void onError() {

            }
        }); 
//多个权限申请  
 private void checkPermissions() {//定位权限申请
        PermissionUtil.getInstance(this).checkAndRequestPermissions(new String[]{
                Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
                Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, new PermissionUtil.OnPermissionCheckListener() {
            @Override
            public void onChecked(boolean isAllowed) {
                isPermissionOk = isAllowed;
            }

            @Override
            public void onError() {

            }
        });
    }

三、在Activity中重写onRequestPermissionsResult方法

@Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (isExit) return;//判断是否已经退出activity
        if (!isPermissionOk && grantResults.length == 0) {
            Toast.makeText(this, "请手动授权", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            PermissionUtil.getInstance(this).setAppSettings(this);
            return;
        }
        String s = PermissionUtil.getInstance(this).getNeedUserSetPerStr(permissions, grantResults);
        if (s == null) {//所有权限被允许
            isPermissionOk = true;
        } else {
            //权限被拒绝，提示
            Toast.makeText(this, "权限被拒绝：" + s + ",请手动授权", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            PermissionUtil.getInstance(this).setAppSettings(this);
        }
    }

备注：
PermissionUtil中的判断种类不一定全面，不全面的可以自行添加