#!/usr/bin/php 是告诉操作系统执行这个脚本的时候,调用/usr/bin下的php解释器; #!/usr/bin/env php 这种用法是为了防止操作系统用户没有将php装在默认的/usr/bin路径里。当系统看到这一行的时候,首先会到env设置里查找python的安装路径,再调用对应路径下的解释器程序完成操作。
最近在写PHP脚本发现有些同事脚本有这么个写法,长见识了,google了一下,弄明白啥意思了分享下: Probably the most common use of env is to find the correct interpreter for a script, when the interpreter may be in different directories on different systems. The following example will find the `perl' inter- preter by searching through the directories specified by PATH. #!/usr/bin/env perl One limitation of that example is that it assumes the user's value for PATH is set to a value which will find the interpreter you want to exe- cute. The -P option can be used to make sure a specific list of directo- ries is used in the search for utility. Note that the -S option is also required for this example to work correctly. #!/usr/bin/env -S -P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin perl The above finds `perl' only if it is in /usr/local/bin or /usr/bin. That could be combined with the present value of PATH, to provide more flexi- bility. Note that spaces are not required between the -S and -P options: #!/usr/bin/env -S-P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:${PATH} perl 这种写法主要是为了让你的程序在不同的系统上都能适用。 不管你的perl是在/usr/bin/perl还是/usr/local/bin/perl,#!/usr/bin/env perl会自动的在你的用户PATH变量中所定义的目录中寻找perl来执行的。 还可以加上-P参数来指定一些目录去寻找perl这个程序,#!/usr/bin/env -S -P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin perl的作用就是在/usr/local/bin和/usr/bin目录下寻找perl。 为了让程序更加的有可扩展性,可以写成#!/usr/bin/env -S-P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:${PATH} perl,那么它除了在这两个目录寻找之外,还会在PATH变量中定义的目录中寻找。 同样的php也适用, #!/usr/bin/php写成 #!/usr/bin/env php会好些,当然更好的是#!/usr/bin/env -S-P/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:${PATH} php