今天我要记录的是SSH框架的综合应用，程序运行的效果如下图所示：
下面从开始创建工程说起，一步一步完成这个项目：
1、新建工程，这里我取名为TestSSH02
2、添加SSH的支持，这里我的添加顺序是：Struts2、Spring、Hibernate，添加顺序没有特别要求，只要能添加成功程序没问题就行了
①添加Struts2支持，这里我们先在lib目录下导入Struts2需要的jar包，有如下几个：
除了上图中的jar包外，我们还需要手动添加3个jar包，分别是MySQL驱动jar包，和commons-dbcp-1.4.jar、commons-pool-1.6.jar
配置web.xml文件，这里的web.xml文件内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
</web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd" >
<struts>
<package name="TestSSH02" extends="struts-default">
</package>
</struts>到这里，struts2的添加完成。
②添加Spring支持，在工程上右键--->MyEclipse--->Add Spring Capabilities...如下图所示的步骤:
选择next...如下图所示：
点击finish，Spring的添加就完成了
③添加Hibernate支持，在工程上右键--->MyEclipse--->Add Hibernate Capabilities...如下图所示：
到这里，SSH框架的支持已经全部添加到工程里了。
3、建立数据库，我给这个项目的数据库起名为ssh，其中的Student表结构如下：
下面到了编写代码的时候了。
4、编写代码
①编写Student类，该类是一个标准的Java bean，放在com.test.bean包下，代码如下：
package com.test.bean;
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private String number;
private String cls;
private String sex;
private String image;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
}
public String getCls() {
return cls;
}
public void setCls(String cls) {
this.cls = cls;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public String getImage() {
return image;
}
public void setImage(String image) {
this.image = image;
}
}
②编写index.jsp页面，该页面用于向数据库中插入一条学生数据，如下图所示：
index.jsp的代码如下：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="register" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<s:textfield name="student.name" label="name"></s:textfield>
<s:textfield name="student.number" label="number"></s:textfield>
<s:textfield name="student.cls" label="class"></s:textfield>
<s:textfield name="student.sex" label="sex"></s:textfield>
<s:file name="image" label="image"></s:file>
<s:submit value="submit"></s:submit>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
③为表单编写Action，这里的Action我取名为RegisterAction，放在com.test.action包下，代码如下：
package com.test.action;
import java.io.File;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.test.bean.Student;
import com.test.service.StudentService;
public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport {
private Student student;
private File image;
private String imageFileName;
private StudentService studentService;
public StudentService getStudentService() {
return studentService;
}
public void setStudentService(StudentService studentService) {
this.studentService = studentService;
}
public Student getStudent() {
return student;
}
public void setStudent(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
public File getImage() {
return image;
}
public void setImage(File image) {
this.image = image;
}
public String getImageFileName() {
return imageFileName;
}
public void setImageFileName(String imageFileName) {
this.imageFileName = imageFileName;
}
public String register() throws Exception{
//上传图片并返回URL
String url = studentService.uploadFile(image, imageFileName);
//设置student对象的图片URL
student.setImage(url);
//将student保存到数据库
studentService.register(student);
return SUCCESS;
}
}
package com.test.service;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;
import com.test.bean.Student;
public interface StudentService {
/**注册学生信息，将学生信息写入数据库*/
void register(Student student);
/**接收上传的文件，保存文件到服务器并返回文件的URL*/
String uploadFile(File f, String fileName);
/**获取数据库中的所有学生信息*/
List<Student> getStudentList();
}
package com.test.service.impl;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.test.bean.Student;
import com.test.dao.StudentDao;
import com.test.service.StudentService;
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
/**图片的基础URL地址*/
private static final String BASE_URL = "http://localhost:8080/TestSSH02/images/";
private StudentDao studentDao;
public StudentDao getStudentDao() {
return studentDao;
}
public void setStudentDao(StudentDao studentDao) {
this.studentDao = studentDao;
}
@Override
public void register(Student student) {
studentDao.register(student);
}
@Override
public String uploadFile(File f, String fileName) {
String imagePath = createImagePath();
System.out.println("imagePath = " + imagePath);
File newFile = new File(imagePath + File.separator + System.currentTimeMillis() + "." + getSuffix(fileName));
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(f);
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(newFile);
int hasRead = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
while((hasRead = fis.read(buf)) > 0){
fos.write(buf, 0, hasRead);
}
fos.close();
fis.close();
return BASE_URL + newFile.getName();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**获取文件名的后缀*/
private String getSuffix(String fileName){
return fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
}
/**创建保存图片文件的路径*/
private String createImagePath(){
String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/images");
File f = new File(path);
if(!f.exists()){
f.mkdirs();
}
return f.getAbsolutePath();
}
@Override
public List<Student> getStudentList() {
return studentDao.getStudentList();
}
}
package com.test.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.test.bean.Student;
public interface StudentDao {
void register(Student student);
List<Student> getStudentList();
}
package com.test.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import com.test.bean.Student;
import com.test.dao.StudentDao;
public class StudentDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements StudentDao {
@Override
public void register(Student student) {
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(student);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public List<Student> getStudentList() {
return this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from Student order by id desc");
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd" >
<struts>
<package name="TestSSH02" extends="struts-default">
<action name="register" class="registerAction" method="register">
<result name="success" type="redirectAction">showStudentList</result>
</action>
<action name="showStudentList" class="showStudentListAction" method="showStudentList">
<result name="success">/show_student_list.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>package com.test.action;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.test.bean.Student;
import com.test.service.StudentService;
public class ShowStudentListAction extends ActionSupport {
private StudentService studentService;
public StudentService getStudentService() {
return studentService;
}
public void setStudentService(StudentService studentService) {
this.studentService = studentService;
}
public String showStudentList() throws Exception{
List<Student> list = studentService.getStudentList();
ServletActionContext.getRequest().setAttribute("list", list);
return SUCCESS;
}
}
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'show_student_list.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
-->
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" width="70%" align="center">
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>NAME</th>
<th>NUMBER</th>
<th>CLASS</th>
<th>IMAGE</th>
</tr>
<s:iterator value="#request.list" id="student">
<tr>
<td><s:property value="id"/></td>
<td><s:property value="name"/></td>
<td><s:property value="number"/></td>
<td><s:property value="cls"/></td>
<td><img src=<s:property value="image"/>></td>
</tr>
</s:iterator>
</table>
</body>
</html>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
</property>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssh"></property>
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/test/bean/Student.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="studentDao" class="com.test.dao.impl.StudentDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="studentService" class="com.test.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl">
<property name="studentDao" ref="studentDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="registerAction" class="com.test.action.RegisterAction">
<property name="studentService" ref="studentService"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="showStudentListAction" class="com.test.action.ShowStudentListAction">
<property name="studentService" ref="studentService"></property>
</bean>
</beans>下面总结一下我在做这个项目的过程中出现的问题：
第一，我写完了代码之后，忘了配applicationContext.xml文件，结果在浏览器中访问报错，这里要注意，没有给Action注入对应的属性，肯定要报错
第二，在struts.xml文件的action标签中，class属性可以指定类的全路径，也可以指定applicationContext.xml中配置的id值，我测试是都可以的，程序运行没有报错
源代码由于lib包中的jar文件太多太大，所以我给删除了，源代码中只有代码，没有lib目录：
源代码下载
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