这篇文章主要实现了在Android中使用JDK的HttpURLConnection和Apache的HttpClient访问网络资源,服务端采用python+flask编写,使用Servlet太麻烦了。关于Http协议的相关知识,可以在网上查看相关资料。代码比较简单,就不详细解释了。
1. 使用JDK中HttpURLConnection访问网络资源
(1)get请求
public String executeHttpGet() {
String result = null;
URL url = null;
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
InputStreamReader in = null;
try {
url = new URL("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/get/?token=alexzhou");
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
in = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(in);
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
strBuffer.append(line);
}
result = strBuffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();
}
if (in != null) {
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return result;
}
注意:因为是通过android模拟器访问本地pc服务端,所以不能使用localhost和127.0.0.1,使用127.0.0.1会访问模拟器自身。Android系统为实现通信将PC的IP设置为10.0.2.2
(2)post请求
public String executeHttpPost() {
String result = null;
URL url = null;
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
InputStreamReader in = null;
try {
url = new URL("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/post/");
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");
DataOutputStream dop = new DataOutputStream(
connection.getOutputStream());
dop.writeBytes("token=alexzhou");
dop.flush();
dop.close();
in = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(in);
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = null;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
strBuffer.append(line);
}
result = strBuffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();
}
if (in != null) {
try {
in.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return result;
}
如果参数中有中文的话,可以使用下面的方式进行编码解码:
URLEncoder.encode("测试","utf-8")
URLDecoder.decode("测试","utf-8");
(1)get请求
public String executeGet() {
String result = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet request = new HttpGet();
request.setURI(new URI(
"http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/get/?token=alexzhou"));
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response
.getEntity().getContent()));
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer("");
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
strBuffer.append(line);
}
result = strBuffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
reader = null;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return result;
}
(2)post请求
public String executePost() {
String result = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
try {
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost request = new HttpPost();
request.setURI(new URI("http://10.0.2.2:8888/data/post/"));
List<NameValuePair> postParameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
postParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("token", "alexzhou"));
UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(
postParameters);
request.setEntity(formEntity);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response
.getEntity().getContent()));
StringBuffer strBuffer = new StringBuffer("");
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
strBuffer.append(line);
}
result = strBuffer.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
reader = null;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return result;
}
3.服务端代码实现
上面是采用两种方式的get和post请求的代码,下面来实现服务端的代码编写,使用python+flask真的非常的简单,就一个文件,前提是你得搭建好python+flask的环境,代码如下:
4. 编写单元测试代码
右击项目:new–》Source Folder取名tests,包名是:com.alexzhou.androidhttp.test(随便取,没有要求),结构如图:
在该包下创建测试类HttpTest,继承自AndroidTestCase。编写这四种方式的测试方法,代码如下:
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.alexzhou.androidhttp"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="15" />
<application
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_main" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
<instrumentation
android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
android:targetPackage="com.alexzhou.androidhttp" />
</manifest>
注意:
android:name=”android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner”这部分不用更改
android:targetPackage=”com.alexzhou.androidhttp”,填写应用程序的包名
5.测试结果
展开测试类HttpTest,依次选中这四个测试方法,右击:Run As–》Android Junit Test。
(1)运行testExecuteHttpGet,结果如图:
(2)运行testExecuteHttpPost,结果如图:
(3)运行testExecuteGet,结果如图:
(4)运行testExecutePost,结果如图: