【easyCraft项目】开发笔记（四）：关于C++获取硬件信息

渐渐地开始认识到C++不只是C++，站在它后面的是强大的各种API和类库的支持，还有STL。这就是好的project应该具备的地方——大家愿意去使用它并乐意为其贡献代码。

闲话不多说，easyCraft进行到这里遇到的问题是获取硬件信息、修改Windows配置。首先需要的是SetupDiGetClassDevs函数。原形如下：

HDEVINFO SetupDiGetClassDevs(
        IN PGUID  ClassGuid,    /* optional */
        IN PCTSTR  Enumerator,    /* optional */
        IN HWND  hwndParent,    /* optional */
        IN DWORD  Flags
        ); 

作用是枚举设备信息。通过参数 ClassGuid的修改就可以获取各种类型的设备，实例函数如下：

void GetGraphics(std::string devices[10])
{
	DWORD dwIdx   =   0;
	SP_DEVINFO_DATA adapterData;
	DWORD dwType   =   0;
	DWORD dwBuflen   =   0;
	char* pBuf   =   NULL;
	HDEVINFO hScsi   =   INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;

	//GUID设为显卡GUID
	GUID guidScsiRaid   =   {0x4d36e968,0xe325,0x11CE, {0xBF,   0xC1,   0x08,   0x00,   0x2B,   0xE1,   0x03,   0x18} };

	BOOL   bret   =   FALSE;
	hScsi   =   SetupDiGetClassDevs(&guidScsiRaid,   NULL,   NULL,   DIGCF_PRESENT);
	adapterData.cbSize   =   sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);

	//开始枚举显卡
	for(dwIdx   =   0;   SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hScsi,   dwIdx,   &adapterData);   dwIdx++)
	{	
		SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hScsi,  &adapterData,  SPDRP_DEVICEDESC,&dwType,NULL,0,&dwBuflen);

		if(ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER   ==   GetLastError())
		{
			pBuf   =   (char*)malloc(dwBuflen);
			if(SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hScsi,  &adapterData,  SPDRP_DEVICEDESC,&dwType,(unsigned char *)pBuf, dwBuflen, NULL))
			{
				devices[dwIdx]=pBuf;
			}
			free(pBuf);
			pBuf   =   NULL;
		}
	}

	SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hScsi); 
}

如上方函数所示，把每个获取的 pBuf 赋给字符串变量 devices ，但是不能将 pBuf 赋给 char* 型变量，否则会出现内存错误和乱码。

关于这个ClassGuid是可以在MSDN上找到的，如这个页面：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff553426%28v=vs.85%29.aspx

几个常用设备的ClassGuid：

CD-ROM Drives（光盘驱动器）

Class = CDROM ClassGuid = {4d36e965-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}

This class includes CD-ROM drives, including SCSI CD-ROM drives. By default, the system's CD-ROM class installer also installs a system-supplied CD audio driver and CD-ROM changer driver as Plug and Play filters.

Display Adapters（显示卡）

Class = Display ClassGuid = {4d36e968-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}

This class includes video adapters. Drivers for this class include display drivers and video miniport drivers.

Hard Disk Controllers（硬盘驱动器）

Class = HDC ClassGuid = {4d36e96a-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}

This class includes hard disk controllers, including ATA/ATAPI controllers but not SCSI and RAID disk controllers.

Network Adapter（网络适配器）

Class = Net ClassGuid = {4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}

This class includes NDIS miniport drivers excluding Fast-IR miniport drivers, NDIS intermediate drivers (of virtual adapters), and CoNDIS MCM miniport drivers.

Processors（处理器）

Class = Processor ClassGuid = {50127dc3-0f36-415e-a6cc-4cb3be910b65}

This class includes processor types.

Storage Volumes（磁盘分卷）

Class = Volume ClassGuid = {71a27cdd-812a-11d0-bec7-08002be2092f}

This class includes storage volumes as defined by the system-supplied logical volume manager and class drivers that create device objects to represent storage volumes, such as the system disk class driver.