centos 7下安装mysql5.7

#### 1、下载安装包 
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/#downloads 
推荐下载通用安装方法的TAR包

2.检查库文件是否存在，如有删除。

[root@localhost Desktop]$ rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]$ rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.52.x86_64 --nodeps
[root@localhost ~]$
 
 
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3.检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无创建。

[root@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/group | grep mysql
mysql:x:490:
[root@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
mysql:x:496:490::/home/mysql:/bin/bash
 
 
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以上为默认存在的情况，如无，执行添加命令：

[root@localhost ~]$groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]$useradd -r -g mysql mysql
//useradd -r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户，不可用于登录系统。
 
 
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4.解压TAR包，更改所属的组和用户

[root@localhost ~]$ cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]$ tar xvf mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
[root@localhost local]$ ls -l
total 1306432
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root  668866560 Jun  1 15:07 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 638960236 Mar 28 12:54 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel  29903372 Mar 28 12:48 mysql-test-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost local]$ tar xvfz mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost local]$ mv mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql
[root@localhost local]$ ls -l
total 1306436
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       4096 Dec  4  2009 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       4096 Dec  4  2009 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       4096 Dec  4  2009 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       4096 Dec  4  2009 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       4096 Dec  4  2009 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root       4096 Dec  2 14:36 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       4096 Dec  4  2009 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 9 7161 wheel      4096 Mar 28 12:51 mysql
-rwxr--r--. 1 root root  668866560 Jun  1 15:07 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel 638960236 Mar 28 12:54 mysql-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 7161 wheel  29903372 Mar 28 12:48 mysql-test-5.7.12-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       4096 Dec  4  2009 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root       4096 Dec  2 14:36 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       4096 Dec  4  2009 src
[root@localhost local]$ chown -R mysql mysql/
[root@localhost local]$ chgrp -R mysql mysql/
[root@localhost local]$ cd mysql/
 
 
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5.安装和初始化数据库

[root@localhost mysql]$ bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
2016-06-01 15:23:25 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2016-06-01 15:23:30 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2016-06-01 15:23:30 [WARNING] 2016-06-01T22:23:25.491840Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2016-06-01T22:23:25.492256Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2016-06-01T22:23:25.492260Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
 
 
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---

如果改变默认安装路径，则需要 
1）/etc/my.cnf、/etc/init.d/mysqld中修改 
basedir=’/apps/mysql’ 
datadir=’/apps/mysql/data’ 
2）创建ln 
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/bin 
ln -s /apps/mysql/bin/mysqld /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld

---

[root@localhost mysql]$

[root@localhost mysql]$ cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]$ cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
 
 
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[root@localhost mysql]$ cd bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[1] 2932
[root@localhost bin]# 2016-06-01T22:27:09.708557Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
2016-06-01T22:27:09.854913Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
 
 
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[root@localhost bin]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL..2016-06-01T22:27:50.498694Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid ended
 SUCCESS! 
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[1]+  Done                    ./mysqld_safe --user=mysql
[root@localhost bin]$ 
//设置开机启动
[root@localhost bin]$ chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
[root@localhost bin]$
 
 
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6.初始化密码

mysql5.7会生成一个初始化密码，而在之前的版本首次登陆不需要登录。

[root@localhost bin]$ cat /root/.mysql_secret 
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2016-06-01 15:23:25 
,xxxxxR5H9
[root@localhost bin]$./mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.12

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
 
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7.添加远程访问权限

mysql> use mysql; 
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A


Database changed
mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0


mysql> select host, user from user;
+-----------+-----------+
| host      | user      |
+-----------+-----------+
| %         | root      |
| localhost | mysql.sys |
+-----------+-----------+
//重启生效
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
经过以上处理，Mysql就可以正常启动使用了，但此时会存在大小写敏感的问题，需要进行以下处理：
用root帐号登录后，在/etc/my.cnf 中的[mysqld]后添加添加lower_case_table_names=1，重启MYSQL服务，这时已设置成功：不区分表名的大小写； 

lower_case_table_names参数详解： 

lower_case_table_names = 0 

其中 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写 

MySQL在Linux下数据库名、表名、列名、别名大小写规则是这样的： 

　　 1、数据库名与表名是严格区分大小写的； 

　　 2、表的别名是严格区分大小写的； 

　　 3、列名与列的别名在所有的情况下均是忽略大小写的； 

　　 4、变量名也是严格区分大小写的；