intent 和 Broadcast Receiver之间的通信

工作原理是通过封装一个service启动的一个线程产生的随机数封装到intent对象传递给Activity，Activity接受到后讲结果输出到屏幕。

java的代码：

package jm.out;
import android.app.Activity;//引入相关包
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;//引入相关包
import android.content.Context;//引入相关包
import android.content.Intent;//引入相关包
import android.content.IntentFilter;//引入相关包
import android.os.Bundle;//引入相关包
import android.view.View;//引入相关包
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;//引入相关包
import android.widget.Button;//引入相关包
import android.widget.TextView;//引入相关包
//继承自Activity的子类
public class IntentBroadcastActivity extends Activity {
 public static final int CMD_STOP_SERVICE = 0;
 Button btnStart;//开始服务Button对象应用
 Button btnStop;//停止服务Button对象应用
 TextView tv;//TextView对象应用
 DataReceiver dataReceiver;//BroadcastReceiver对象
 @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {//重写onCreate方法
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);//设置显示的屏幕
        btnStart = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnStart);
        btnStop = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnStop);
        tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.tv);
        btnStart.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {//为按钮添加点击事件监听  
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {//重写onClick方法
    Intent myIntent = new Intent(IntentBroadcastActivity.this, jm.out.MyService.class);
    IntentBroadcastActivity.this.startService(myIntent);//发送Intent启动Service
   }
  });
        btnStop.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {//为按钮添加点击事件监听 
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {//重写onClick方法
    Intent myIntent = new Intent();//创建Intent对象
    myIntent.setAction("wyf.wpf.MyService");
    myIntent.putExtra("cmd", CMD_STOP_SERVICE);
    sendBroadcast(myIntent);//发送广播
   }
  });
    } 
 private class DataReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{//继承自BroadcastReceiver的子类
  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {//重写onReceive方法
   double data = intent.getDoubleExtra("data", 0);
   tv.setText("Service的数据为:"+data);   
  }  
 }
 @Override
 protected void onStart() {//重写onStart方法
  dataReceiver = new DataReceiver();
  IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();//创建IntentFilter对象
  filter.addAction("wyf.wpf.Sample_3_6");
  registerReceiver(dataReceiver, filter);//注册Broadcast Receiver
  super.onStart();
 }
 @Override
 protected void onStop() {//重写onStop方法
  unregisterReceiver(dataReceiver);//取消注册Broadcast Receiver
  super.onStop();
 }
}

service类：

package jm.out;

import android.app.Service;//引入相关包
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;//引入相关包
import android.content.Context;//引入相关包
import android.content.Intent;//引入相关包
import android.content.IntentFilter;//引入相关包
import android.os.IBinder;//引入相关包
//继承自Service的子类
public class MyService extends Service{
 CommandReceiver cmdReceiver;
 boolean flag;
 @Override
 public void onCreate() {//重写onCreate方法
  flag = true;
  cmdReceiver = new CommandReceiver();
  super.onCreate();
 }
 @Override
 public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {//重写onBind方法
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return null;
 }
 @Override
 public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {//重写onStartCommand方法
  IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();//创建IntentFilter对象
  filter.addAction("jm.out.MyService");
  registerReceiver(cmdReceiver, filter);//注册Broadcast Receiver
  doJob();//调用方法启动线程
  return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
 }
 //方法：
 public void doJob(){
  new Thread(){
   public void run(){
    while(flag){
     try{//睡眠一段时间
      Thread.sleep(1000);
     }
     catch(Exception e){
      e.printStackTrace();
     }
     Intent intent = new Intent();//创建Intent对象
     intent.setAction("jm.out.IntentBroadcastActivity");
     intent.putExtra("data", Math.random());
     sendBroadcast(intent);//发送广播
    }    
   }
   
  }.start();
 } 
 private class CommandReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{//继承自BroadcastReceiver的子类
  @Override
  public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {//重写onReceive方法
   int cmd = intent.getIntExtra("cmd", -1);//获取Extra信息
   if(cmd == IntentBroadcastActivity.CMD_STOP_SERVICE){//如果发来的消息是停止服务    
    flag = false;//停止线程
    stopSelf();//停止服务
   }
  }  
 }
 @Override
 public void onDestroy() {//重写onDestroy方法
  this.unregisterReceiver(cmdReceiver);//取消注册的CommandReceiver
  super.onDestroy();
 } 
}

xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
  <Button android:id="@+id/btnStart"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="启动服务" />
  <Button android:id="@+id/btnStop"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="停止服务" />
  <TextView android:id="@+id/tv"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  android:text="等待来自Service的数据" />
  </LinearLayout>

androidmanifest.xml的配置：

  <? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

- < manifest xmlns:android =" http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android " package =" wyf.wpf " android:versionCode =" 1 " android:versionName =" 1.0 " >

- < application android:icon =" @drawable/icon " android:label =" @string/app_name " >

- < activity android:name =" .Sample_3_6 " android:label =" @string/app_name " >

- < intent-filter >

  < action android:name =" android.intent.action.MAIN " />

  < category android:name =" android.intent.category.LAUNCHER " />

  </ intent-filter >

  </ activity >

- <service android:name=".MyService" android:process=":remote">

- <intent-filter>

 <actionandroid:name="wyf.wpf.MyService" />

  </intent-filter>

  </service>

  </ application >

  < uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion =" 7 " />

  </ manifest >

要注意的是红色代码，只有这样才可以让service在activity退出后还能运行，保证了主线程停止，service还能在后台运行。