java单例的几种实现方式

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-13 11:00:04 发布

zhanglongpro

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-13 11:00:04 发布

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分类专栏： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhanglongpro/article/details/49839987

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1.懒汉式

线程不安全，如果两个线程同时执行到了

 if (instance == null) {//这一句判断都为真，紧接着就会创建两个实例

public class Singleton {  
    private static Singleton instance;  
    private Singleton (){}  

    public static Singleton getInstance() {  
    if (instance == null) {  
        instance = new Singleton();  
    }  
    return instance;  
    }  
}

线程安全的，每次调用方法都会对对象枷锁，非常影响性能

public class Singleton {  
    private static Singleton instance;  
    private Singleton (){}  
    public static synchronized Singleton getInstance() {  //对方法枷锁性能不高
    if (instance == null) {  
        instance = new Singleton();  
    }  
    return instance;  
    }  
}

线程安全的，double-check

public class Singleton {  
    private volatile static Singleton singleton;  
    private Singleton (){}  
    public static Singleton getSingleton() {  
    if (singleton == null) {  
        synchronized (Singleton.class) {  
        if (singleton == null) {  
            singleton = new Singleton();  
        }  
        }  
    }  
    return singleton;  
    }  
}

2.饿汉式的，这种是借助jvm的特性来实现的，因为静态变量在类加载的时候就初始化完成了，所以不需要线程同步，缺点就是累加载时就完成了

public class Singleton {  
    private static Singleton instance = new Singleton();  
    private Singleton (){}  
    public static Singleton getInstance() {  
    return instance;  
    }  
}

3.静态内部类，jvm在调用getInstance()时才会进行类的初始化

public class Singleton {  
    private static class SingletonHolder {  
    private static final Singleton INSTANCE = new Singleton();  
    }  
    private Singleton (){}  
    public static final Singleton getInstance() {  
    return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;  
    }  
}

4.通过枚举实现，枚举实例的创建时线程安全的，并且对序列化有保证

public enum Singleton {  
    INSTANCE;  
    public void whateverMethod() {  
    }  
}