微信公共服务平台开发(.Net)-生成带参数的二维码

为了满足用户渠道推广分析的需要，公众平台提供了生成带参数二维码的接口。使用该接口可以获得多个带不同场景值的二维码，用户扫描后，公众号可以接收到事件推送。

目前有2种类型的二维码，分别是临时二维码和永久二维码，前者有过期时间，最大为1800秒，但能够生成较多数量，后者无过期时间，数量较少（目前参数只支持1--100000）。两种二维码分别适用于帐号绑定、用户来源统计等场景。

用户扫描带场景值二维码时，可能推送以下两种事件：

1. 如果用户还未关注公众号，则用户可以关注公众号，关注后微信会将带场景值关注事件推送给开发者。
2. 如果用户已经关注公众号，在用户扫描后会自动进入会话，微信也会将带场景值扫描事件推送给开发者。

获取带参数的二维码的过程包括两步，首先创建二维码ticket，然后凭借ticket到指定URL换取二维码。

创建二维码ticket

每次创建二维码ticket需要提供一个开发者自行设定的参数（scene_id），分别介绍临时二维码和永久二维码的创建二维码ticket过程。

临时二维码请求说明

http请求方式: POST
URL: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token=TOKEN
POST数据格式：json
POST数据例子：{"expire_seconds": 1800, "action_name": "QR_SCENE", "action_info": {"scene": {"scene_id": 123}}}

永久二维码请求说明

http请求方式: POST
URL: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token=TOKEN
POST数据格式：json
POST数据例子：{"action_name": "QR_LIMIT_SCENE", "action_info": {"scene": {"scene_id": 123}}}

参数说明

参数	说明
expire_seconds	该二维码有效时间，以秒为单位。 最大不超过1800。
action_name	二维码类型，QR_SCENE为临时,QR_LIMIT_SCENE为永久
action_info	二维码详细信息
scene_id	场景值ID，临时二维码时为32位非0整型，永久二维码时最大值为100000（目前参数只支持1--100000）

返回说明

正确的Json返回结果:

{"ticket":"gQH47joAAAAAAAAAASxodHRwOi8vd2VpeGluLnFxLmNvbS9xL2taZ2Z3TVRtNzJXV1Brb3ZhYmJJAAIEZ23sUwMEmm3sUw==","expire_seconds":60,"url":"http:\/\/weixin.qq.com\/q\/kZgfwMTm72WWPkovabbI"}

参数	说明
ticket	获取的二维码ticket，凭借此ticket可以在有效时间内换取二维码。
expire_seconds	二维码的有效时间，以秒为单位。最大不超过1800。
url	二维码图片解析后的地址，开发者可根据该地址自行生成需要的二维码图片

错误的Json返回示例:

{"errcode":40013,"errmsg":"invalid appid"}

全局返回码说明

使用网页调试工具调试该接口

通过ticket换取二维码

获取二维码ticket后，开发者可用ticket换取二维码图片。请注意，本接口无须登录态即可调用。

请求说明

HTTP GET请求（请使用https协议）
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/showqrcode?ticket=TICKET
提醒：TICKET记得进行UrlEncode

返回说明

ticket正确情况下，http 返回码是200，是一张图片，可以直接展示或者下载。

HTTP头（示例）如下：
Accept-Ranges:bytes
Cache-control:max-age=604800
Connection:keep-alive
Content-Length:28026
Content-Type:image/jpg
Date:Wed, 16 Oct 2013 06:37:10 GMT
Expires:Wed, 23 Oct 2013 14:37:10 +0800
Server:nginx/1.4.1

错误情况下（如ticket非法）返回HTTP错误码404。

使用网页调试工具调试该接口

C#代码示例:

//生成二维码

 public void CreateTicket()
        {

      
             string access_token="";

            string strUrl = string.Format("https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token={0}", access_token);


            string jsonData = "";
            System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer ser = new System.Web.Script.Serialization.JavaScriptSerializer();

            WeChat_Ticket_List ticketList = new WeChat_Ticket_List();
            ticketList.action_name = "QR_LIMIT_SCENE";
            WeChat_Ticket_ActionInfo action_info = new WeChat_Ticket_ActionInfo();


            WeChat_Ticket_Scene scene = new WeChat_Ticket_Scene();

            byte[] data = null;

            HttpWebResponse response = null;
            string responseContent = "";
            long result = 0;

            WECHAT_TICKET_BLL ticketBll = new WECHAT_TICKET_BLL();
            WECHAT_TICKET_Entity model = new WECHAT_TICKET_Entity();

           //生产参数为1-1000的二维码
            for (int i =1; i <=1000; i++)
            {
                HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(strUrl);
                request.Method = "POST";
                request.ContentType = "application/json";
                Stream writer = null;

                scene.scene_id = i + "";

                action_info.scene = scene;
                ticketList.action_info = action_info;


                jsonData = ser.Serialize(ticketList);

                data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(jsonData.ToString());


                writer = request.GetRequestStream();
                writer.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                writer.Close();

                response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
                StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream());
                responseContent = reader.ReadToEnd();

                WeChat_Ticket_Entity entity = ser.Deserialize<WeChat_Ticket_Entity>(responseContent);

                if (entity != null)
                {
                   //保存获取到的ticket信息
                }

            }

        }

//获取二维码图片,保存到本地文件夹中

 public void GetTicktPic()
        {
            string original_id = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ORIGINAL_ID"].ToString();

            WECHAT_TICKET_BLL ticketBll = new WECHAT_TICKET_BLL();
            DataSet ds = ticketBll.GetList("  order_id>=1  and  order_id<=1000 ");
            WECHAT_TICKET_Entity model = new WECHAT_TICKET_Entity();

            string strUrl = null, responseContent = "", fileName = "", ticket = null,
             urlTemplate = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/showqrcode?ticket={0}"  ;
            bool result = true;
            WebClient c = new WebClient();
            if (ds != null && ds.Tables.Count > 0)
            {
                DataTable dt = ds.Tables[0];

                for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
                {
                    DataRow row = dt.Rows[i];
                    try
                    {
                        ticket = row["ticket"].ToString();
                        strUrl = string.Format(urlTemplate, ticket);

                        fileName = "";
                        fileName = "image/" + row["order_ID"].ToString() + ".jpg";

                        c.DownloadFile(strUrl, fileName);

                        WECHAT_TICKET_Entity ticketEntity = new WECHAT_TICKET_Entity();

                        ticketEntity.TICKET = ticket;
                        ticketEntity.ORIGINAL_ID = original_id;
                        ticketEntity.LAST_EDIT_BY = "GetTicktPic";
                        result = ticketBll.UpdateTicketInvalid(ticketEntity);
                    }
                    catch (Exception ex)
                    {
                        WECHAT_TICKET_Entity ticketEntity = new WECHAT_TICKET_Entity();

                        ticketEntity.TICKET = ticket;
                        ticketEntity.ORIGINAL_ID = original_id;
                        ticketEntity.LAST_EDIT_BY = "GetTicktPic";
                        result = ticketBll.UpdateTicketInvalid(ticketEntity);

                        c = new WebClient();
                        c.DownloadFile(strUrl, fileName);

                    }

                }

            }
        }