标准C++实现字符串类CString

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-14 15:07:43 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-07-14 15:07:43 发布

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分类专栏： C 数据结构算法文章标签： c++ C++ 字符串类CString

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhanjianshinian/article/details/8177897

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本文详细介绍了如何使用C++实现一个名为CString的字符串类，包括构造函数、内存管理、字符串操作如追加、替换等核心功能。通过动态内存分配和内存管理，保证了字符串操作的效率和安全性。

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// String.cpp: implementation of the CString class.
//
//

#include "String.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#if defined(WIN32)
#include <windows.h>
#elif defined(linux)
#elif defined(_AIX)
#include <extension.h>
#else
#endif
#ifdef _xlC
#include <strings.h>
#endif
#include "macros.h"
#include "String.h"
using namespace clib;

// constructors

// allocate buffers
CString::CString(int iBufferNum)
{
m_pBuffer = new char[iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE];      //动态申请内存
m_nLength = 0;                                        //长度
m_nSize   = iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE;                //字符串大小初始化为iBufferNum个4*1024
m_pDataStart = m_pDataEnd = m_pBuffer;               //开始字符串指针全部指向m_pBuffer
}

// new one character
CString::CString(char c, int iBufferNum) //参数为字符c和iBufferNum，构造函数
{
char data[2], len = 2;

data[0] = c;                      //将c放在字符数组首位
data[1] = 0;                      //将字符数组data第二位置为0
if (len > iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE)       //如果iBufferNum个4*1024小于3
{
  m_pBuffer = new char[len + 1]; //为字符串类的主要字符串m_pBuffer动态申请内存空间
  m_nSize   = len + 1;         //字符串大小为3
}
else
{
  m_pBuffer = new char[iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE];     //字符串申请内存空间
  m_nSize   = iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE;
}

// copy data and set total length
CreateFromData(data, len); //根据字符数组data开始创建对象m_pDataStart和m_pDataEnd
}
// copy data from a null terminated string
CString::CString(const char *data, int iBufferNum)
{
long len = strlen(data);

if (len > iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE)     //字符串的大小大于制定数量个4*1024
{
  m_pBuffer = new char[len + 1]; // 动态申请内存空间
  m_nSize   = len + 1;
}
else
{
  m_pBuffer = new char[iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE];
  m_nSize   = iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE;
}

// copy data and set total length
CreateFromData(data, len); //根据字符数组data开始创建对象m_pDataStart和m_pDataEnd
}

// copy data from a binary data
CString::CString(const char *data, long len, int iBufferNum)   //构造函数的参数为字符串
{
if (len > iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE)         //如果字符串的大小大于制定数量个4*1024
{
  m_pBuffer = new char[len + 1]; // 动态申请内存空间
  m_nSize   = len + 1;
}
else
{
  m_pBuffer = new char[iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE];
  m_nSize   = iBufferNum * STR_PAGE_SIZE;
}

// copy data and set total length
CreateFromData(data, len); //根据字符数组data开始创建对象m_pDataStart和m_pDataEnd
}

// destructor
CString::~CString(void)
{
SafeDestroy();
}

// destroy allocated memory space and init all pointers
void CString::SafeDestroy(void)
{
SAFEDELETE(m_pBuffer);
// Important for InitPointers()
m_nSize = 0;
Empty();
}

void CString::Empty(void)
{
#ifdef WIN32
ZeroMemory(m_pBuffer, m_nSize);
#else // Linux, AIX
memset(m_pBuffer, 0, m_nSize);
#endif
m_pDataStart = m_pDataEnd = m_pBuffer;        //将该字符串的头指针和尾指针全部指向字符串的头部
m_nLength = 0;                               //字符串长度置为0
}

char *CString::GetData(void) const //获得指向该字符串的头部指针
{
return m_pDataStart;
}

int CString::CreateFromData(const char *data, long len) //根据data和长度len创建对象
{

Empty(); //清空

if (len <= 0)
return TRUE;

if (data == NULL)
return TRUE;

// actually, it's impossible
if (len > m_nSize)
return FALSE;

// copy data and set length
memcpy(m_pDataStart, data, len);    //将字符数组复制给m_pDataStart指向内存空间
m_nLength = len;
m_pDataStart[m_nLength] = '\0';
m_pDataEnd = &(m_pDataStart[m_nLength]);      //取得尾指针m_pDataEnd