android Handler使用分析

一直对Handler的使用不太理解，最近看了Android 开发艺术探索中有关Android消息机制一章对此有了更深入的理解。如果其中有错误的地方，欢迎指正。
Handler的使用方法有如下三种，其实它们都是一样的，只是最终调用的回调方法不同。
（1）

 Handler handler = new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                super.handleMessage(msg);
            }
        };

(2)

   Handler handler1 = new Handler(new Handler.Callback() {
            @Override
            public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {
                return false;
            }
        });

(3)

   handler.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {

            }
        });

一、发送消息
不管是直接调用SendMessage方法还是Post一个Runnable 都会调用sendMessageDelayed方法进行发送消息。一路追踪源码就会发现其最终是调用了
消息队列的enqueueMessage 插入了一条消息，同时设置msg.target=this。

 private boolean enqueueMessage(MessageQueue queue, Message msg, long uptimeMillis) {
        msg.target = this;
        if (mAsynchronous) {
            msg.setAsynchronous(true);
        }
        return queue.enqueueMessage(msg, uptimeMillis);
    }

当我们调用了Looper.loop()方法后，才会从消息队列中取消息执行，而在loop()方法中就是调用消息队列MessageQueue的next()方法取出消息，再调用Handler的dispatchMessage方法进行

/**
     * Run the message queue in this thread. Be sure to call
     * {@link #quit()} to end the loop.
     */
    public static void loop() {


        final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;

        // Make sure the identity of this thread is that of the local process,
        // and keep track of what that identity token actually is.
        Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        for (;;) {
            Message msg = queue.next(); // might block
            if (msg == null) {
                // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.
                return;
            }

            try {
                *msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);*
            } finally {
                if (traceTag != 0) {
                    Trace.traceEnd(traceTag);
                }
            }   

Handler中接受消息

  /**
     * Handle system messages here.
     */
    public void dispatchMessage(Message msg) {
        if (msg.callback != null) {
            handleCallback(msg);
        } else {
            if (mCallback != null) {
                if (mCallback.handleMessage(msg)) {
                    return;
                }
            }
            handleMessage(msg);
        }
    }

第一个if语句判断的就是Runnalbe是否为空如果它不为空其实就是上边的（3）的写法。else中的第一个mCallback判断就是（2）的写法，可以看Handler的构造函数。

/**
     * Constructor associates this handler with the {@link Looper} for the
     * current thread and takes a callback interface in which you can handle
     * messages.
     *
     * If this thread does not have a looper, this handler won't be able to receive messages
     * so an exception is thrown.
     *
     * @param callback The callback interface in which to handle messages, or null.
     */
    public Handler(Callback callback) {
        this(callback, false);
    }

最后的handleMessage(msg),就是（1）的写法了。

 /**
     * Subclasses must implement this to receive messages.
     */
    public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
    }