Eclipse创建Maven Web工程并实现Tomcat热部署

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首先下载maven工具,解压后在conf/settings.xml文件中添加:
<localRepository>E:/Workspaces/.m3</localRepository>
此为maven下载jar及其相关文件的仓库

第二步,安装eclipse的maven插件M2eclipse:
http://m2eclipse.sonatype.org/sites/m2e
安装完成后打开eclipse->window->preferences->maven
->installations->add->指定maven安装路径
->user settings->指定maven配置文件settings.xml

第三步,创建maven项目,properties->project facets->convert to faceted form...
勾上dynamic web module,点击futher configuration available..., 勾上generate web.xml deployment descriptor,更改webcontent目录为src/main/webapp后点击OK.此时点击项目properties->deployment assembly可以看到指定的webapp路径就是是src/main/webapp目录

第四步,修改项目pom.xml文件:

Xml代码  

1. ...  
2.   
3.     <build>  
4.   
5.         <sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>  
6.         <testSourceDirectory>src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>  
7.   
8.         <resources>  
9.             <resource>  
10.                 <directory>src/main/resources</directory>  
11.             </resource>  
12.         </resources>  
13.         <testResources>  
14.             <testResource>  
15.                 <directory>src/test/resources</directory>  
16.             </testResource>  
17.         </testResources>  
18.   
19.         <outputDirectory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes</outputDirectory>  
20.         <testOutputDirectory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes</testOutputDirectory>  
21.   
22.         <plugins>  
23.   
24.             <plugin>  
25.                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  
26.                 <version>2.3.2</version>  
27.                 <configuration>  
28.                     <source>1.6</source>  
29.                     <target>1.6</target>  
30.                 </configuration>  
31.             </plugin>  
32.   
33.             <plugin>  
34.                 <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>  
35.                 <version>2.5</version>  
36.                 <executions>  
37.                     <execution>  
38.                         <phase>compile</phase>  
39.                     </execution>  
40.                 </executions>  
41.             </plugin>  
42.   
43.             <plugin>  
44.                 <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>  
45.                 <version>2.4</version>  
46.                 <executions>  
47.                     <execution>  
48.                         <phase>compile</phase>  
49.                         <goals>  
50.                             <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>  
51.                         </goals>  
52.                         <configuration>  
53.                             <outputDirectory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/lib</outputDirectory>  
54.                         </configuration>  
55.                     </execution>  
56.                 </executions>  
57.             </plugin>  
58.   
59.             <plugin>  
60.                 <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>  
61.                 <version>2.4.1</version>  
62.                 <configuration>  
63.                     <filesets>  
64.                         <fileset>  
65.                             <directory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/lib</directory>  
66.                             <followSymlinks>false</followSymlinks>  
67.                         </fileset>  
68.                     </filesets>  
69.                 </configuration>  
70.             </plugin>  
71.   
72.         </plugins>  
73.   
74.     </build>  

...

	<build>

		<sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>
		<testSourceDirectory>src/test/java</testSourceDirectory>

		<resources>
			<resource>
				<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
			</resource>
		</resources>
		<testResources>
			<testResource>
				<directory>src/test/resources</directory>
			</testResource>
		</testResources>

		<outputDirectory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes</outputDirectory>
		<testOutputDirectory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes</testOutputDirectory>

		<plugins>

			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.3.2</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.6</source>
					<target>1.6</target>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>

			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.5</version>
				<executions>
					<execution>
						<phase>compile</phase>
					</execution>
				</executions>
			</plugin>

			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.4</version>
				<executions>
					<execution>
						<phase>compile</phase>
						<goals>
							<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
						</goals>
						<configuration>
							<outputDirectory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/lib</outputDirectory>
						</configuration>
					</execution>
				</executions>
			</plugin>

			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.4.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<filesets>
						<fileset>
							<directory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/lib</directory>
							<followSymlinks>false</followSymlinks>
						</fileset>
					</filesets>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>

		</plugins>

	</build>

这样修改pom.xml后,删除target目录,在打开cmd:
在项目根路径下运行:
mvn eclipse:eclipse
这样重新生成的classpath会将编译好的java文件和resources中的配置文件指定为src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes.
再运行:
mvn compile
之后,mvn会自动编译java文件,copy resources中的文件,并放到classes路径下,并且将项目依赖的jar包copy到lib目录,至此完整的项目形成,全部文件都在webapp目录下.

最后一步,将项目发布到tomcat上:
点击eclipse中servers->new->server,全部finish以后双击该server,切换到modules窗口->点击add external module->
在document base中browse到项目webapp路径
在path中输入"/项目名称"
点击OK后配置全部完成,这样配置的好处不只是热部署,因为eclipse自动编译java文件经常出现问题,在这样的情况下随时可以在项目根路径下用mvn compile命令编译项目