android Surface 那点事儿

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    首先我们要说一下Surface是什么？关于Surface的描述是这样的“Handle onto a raw buffer that is being managed by the screen compositor.”简单翻译就是“由屏幕显示内容合成器所管理的原始缓存区的句柄”。

    1、Surface是一个句柄，通过Surface就可以获得原始缓冲器及其内容。

    2、a raw buffer 原始缓冲区是用于保存当前窗口的像素数据。

    3、Suffer中有一个Canvas成员专门用于画图。

    接着我们就开始说说Surface的创建过程：我们之前讲过，在Activity创建到一定阶段的时候会走到ActivityThread类的handleLaunchActivity方法中，今天我们就从这里开始讲解。在这个方法中会创建一个Activity对象

Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);

我们去performLaunchActivity这个方法中查看，首先创建一个Activity

        Activity activity = null;
        try {
            java.lang.ClassLoader cl = r.packageInfo.getClassLoader();
            activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
                    cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
            StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
            r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
            if (r.state != null) {
                r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (!mInstrumentation.onException(activity, e)) {
                throw new RuntimeException(
                    "Unable to instantiate activity " + component
                    + ": " + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }

然后创建Application之后就会走到

                activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
                        r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
                        r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config);

最终把activity给了ActivityClientRecord

r.activity = activity;

这些我们之前都讲解过，这里不在多做赘述，我们只看activity.attach这一步

    final void attach(Context context, ActivityThread aThread,
            Instrumentation instr, IBinder token, int ident,
            Application application, Intent intent, ActivityInfo info,
            CharSequence title, Activity parent, String id,
            NonConfigurationInstances lastNonConfigurationInstances,
            Configuration config) {
        attachBaseContext(context);

        mFragments.attachActivity(this);
        
        mWindow = PolicyManager.makeNewWindow(this);
        mWindow.setCallback(this);
        mWindow.getLayoutInflater().setPrivateFactory(this);
        if (info.softInputMode != WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_UNSPECIFIED) {
            mWindow.setSoftInputMode(info.softInputMode);
        }
        if (info.uiOptions != 0) {
            mWindow.setUiOptions(info.uiOptions);
        }
        mUiThread = Thread.currentThread();
        
        mMainThread = aThread;
        mInstrumentation = instr;
        mToken = token;
        mIdent = ident;
        mApplication = application;
        mIntent = intent;
        mComponent = intent.getComponent();
        mActivityInfo = info;
        mTitle = title;
        mParent = parent;
        mEmbeddedID = id;
        mLastNonConfigurationInstances = lastNonConfigurationInstances;

        mWindow.setWindowManager(null, mToken, mComponent.flattenToString(),
                (info.flags & ActivityInfo.FLAG_HARDWARE_ACCELERATED) != 0);
        if (mParent != null) {
            mWindow.setContainer(mParent.getWindow());
        }
        mWindowManager = mWindow.getWindowManager();
        mCurrentConfig = config;
    }

在这里先new了一个新的Window

mWindow = PolicyManager.makeNewWindow(this);

然后做了一些初始化工作，接着就是一些变量的赋值，最后走到

        mWindow.setWindowManager(null, mToken, mComponent.flattenToString(),
                (info.flags & ActivityInfo.FLAG_HARDWARE_ACCELERATED) != 0);

这里面做了什么工作呢？

    public void setWindowManager(WindowManager wm, IBinder appToken, String appName,
            boolean hardwareAccelerated) {
        mAppToken = appToken;
        mAppName = appName;
        if (wm == null) {
            wm = WindowManagerImpl.getDefault();
        }
        mWindowManager = new LocalWindowManager(wm, hardwareAccelerated);
    }

首先去获取了一个WindowManager，WindowManagerImpl.getDefault()也就是

    public static WindowManagerImpl getDefault() {
        return sWindowManager;
    }

返回的其实是一个WindowManagerImpl，它实现了WindowManager接口，然后创建了mWindowManager = new LocalWindowManager(wm, hardwareAccelerated)，LocalWindowManager是什么呢？它继承于WindowManagerImpl.CompatModeWrapper而CompatModeWrapper又实现了WindowManager接口，我们接着看LocalWindowManager的构造函数

        LocalWindowManager(WindowManager wm, boolean hardwareAccelerated) {
            super(wm, getCompatInfo(mContext));
            mHardwareAccelerated = hardwareAccelerated ||
                    SystemProperties.getBoolean(PROPERTY_HARDWARE_UI, false);
        }

然后是super(wm, getCompatInfo(mContext))也就是

        CompatModeWrapper(WindowManager wm, CompatibilityInfoHolder ci) {
            mWindowManager = wm instanceof CompatModeWrapper
                    ? ((CompatModeWrapper)wm).mWindowManager : (WindowManagerImpl)wm;

            // Use the original display if there is no compatibility mode
            // to apply, or the underlying window manager is already a
            // compatibility mode wrapper.  (We assume that if it is a
            // wrapper, it is applying the same compatibility mode.)
            if (ci == null) {
                mDefaultDisplay = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay();
            } else {
                //mDefaultDisplay = mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay();
                mDefaultDisplay = Display.createCompatibleDisplay(
                        mWindowManager.getDefaultDisplay().getDisplayId(), ci);
            }

            mCompatibilityInfo = ci;
        }

最终我们的mWindowManager还以一个WindowManagerImpl然后我们还是回到activity.attach中，在mWindow.setWindowManager之后mWindowManager = mWindow.getWindowManager()所以我们这里的mWindowManager其实就是一个WindowManagerImpl。分析到这里我们就不再做