1、概述
我们知道Activity可以通过栈的方式管理Activity(standard、singleTop、singleTask、singleInstance),那么Fragment怎么实现回退栈,官方提供了addToBackStack(String name)来实现fragment的回退栈,但是效果太差。而replace方法替换Fragment,会造成Fragment的不断销毁和创建,影响效率。本文就自定义实现Fragment的回退栈。
2、实战
(1)Activity代码
package com.chunsoft.fragmentbackstack;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.view.View;
import java.util.LinkedList;
public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
private FragmentA fragmentA;
private FragmentB fragmentB;
private FragmentC fragmentC;
//保存fragment,不断添加移除,使用LinkedList效率更高
private LinkedList<Fragment> fragmentsLists = new LinkedList<>();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
fragmentA = new FragmentA();
fragmentB = new FragmentB();
fragmentC = new FragmentC();
findViewById(R.id.btn1).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btn2).setOnClickListener(this);
findViewById(R.id.btn3).setOnClickListener(this);
/**
* 1.获取FragmentManager
*/
FragmentManager fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
/**
* 2.通过FragmentManager获取事务管理器
*/
FragmentTransaction transaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
/**
* 3.将Fragment添加到帧布局中
*/
transaction.add(R.id.fragment,fragmentA).
add(R.id.fragment,fragmentB).
add(R.id.fragment,fragmentC).
hide(fragmentB).
hide(fragmentC).commit();
addToBackStack(fragmentA);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
transaction.hide(fragmentA).hide(fragmentB).hide(fragmentC);
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn1:
transaction.show(fragmentA);
addToBackStack(fragmentA);
break;
case R.id.btn2:
transaction.show(fragmentB);
addToBackStack(fragmentB);
break;
case R.id.btn3:
transaction.show(fragmentC);
addToBackStack(fragmentC);
break;
default:
break;
}
//transaction.addToBackStack(null);
transaction.commit();
}
private void addToBackStack(Fragment fragment) {
//检查是否包含该fragment
if (fragmentsLists.contains(fragment)) {
//包含则移除旧的对象
fragmentsLists.remove(fragment);
//在最末端添加该fragment,就是改变顺序
fragmentsLists.add(fragment);
} else {
//没有,则直接添加
fragmentsLists.add(fragment);
}
}
@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
if (fragmentsLists.size() > 1) {
//移除最顶端的fragment
fragmentsLists.remove(fragmentsLists.size() - 1);
//展示次顶端fragment showFragmnet(fragmentsLists.get(fragmentsLists.size() - 1));
}else {
// 推出Activity
finish();
}
}
private void showFragmnet(Fragment fragment) {
FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
transaction.hide(fragmentA).hide(fragmentB).hide(fragmentC)
.show(fragment).commit();
}
}
(2)XML布局代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/activity_main"
android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.chunsoft.fragmentbackstack.MainActivity"
android:orientation="vertical">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/ll_bottom"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn1"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="fragmentA"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn2"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="fragmentB"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn3"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="45dp"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="fragmentC"/>
</LinearLayout>
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/fragment"
android:layout_above="@id/ll_bottom"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
</FrameLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
(3)fragment实现代码
package com.chunsoft.fragmentbackstack;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class FragmentA extends Fragment {
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
TextView textView = new TextView(getActivity());
textView.setText("FragmentA");
textView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#00ff00"));
return textView;
}
}
这样就很好的实现了Fragment的回退栈,并保证了效率。