MatLab之父：编程实践学习笔记（一）--迭代_matlab之父:编程实践答案-CSDN博客

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1. >> x=3 赋值

2. 单条语句用逗号或分号分隔

3. >> x=sqrt(x+1)

4. 向上的箭头允许回调到以前给出的命令

5. matlab在执行过程中保持16位有效数字，但只显示5位有效数字

如果给出下面的命令：

>>format long

就会显示出16位有效数字

>>format short

就会显示出5位有效数字

6. >> x=-1:.02:4

语句可以生成一个从-1出发，到4结束且步距为0.02的x向量

x =

Columns 1 through 3

-1.00000000000000 -0.98000000000000 -0.96000000000000

Columns 4 through 6

-0.94000000000000 -0.92000000000000 -0.90000000000000

7. >> phi=(1+sqrt(5))/2

phi =

1.61803398874989

>> y1=x;y2=sqrt(x+1);

>> plot(x,y1,'-',x,y2,'-',phi,phi,'o') 绘制有三个元素的图片

plot是绘制图片的函数PLOT（X,Y，S）S的值为：

b blue . point - solid

g green o circle : dotted

r red x x-mark -. dashdot

c cyan + plus -- dashed

m magenta * star (none) no line

y yellow s square

k black d diamond

v triangle (down)

^ triangle (up)

< triangle (left)

> triangle (right)

p pentagram

h hexagram

For example, PLOT(X,Y,'c+:') plots acyan dotted line with a plus

at each data point; PLOT(X,Y,'bd')plots blue diamond at each data

point but does not draw any line.

PLOT(X1,Y1,S1,X2,Y2,S2,X3,Y3,S3,...)combines the plots defined by

the (X,Y,S) triples,where the X's and Y's are vectors or matrices

and the S's are strings.

>> help plot

-- plot (Y)

-- plot (X, Y)

-- plot (X, Y, FMT)

-- plot (..., PROPERTY,VALUE, ...)

-- plot (X1, Y1, ..., XN, YN)

-- plot (HAX, ...)

-- H = plot (...)

Produce 2-D plots.

Many differentcombinations of arguments are possible. The

simplest form is

plot (Y)

where the argument istaken as the set of Y coordinates and the X

coordinates are taken tobe the range `1:numel (Y)'.

If more than oneargument is given, they are interpreted as

plot (Y, PROPERTY,VALUE, ...)

plot (X, Y,PROPERTY, VALUE, ...)

plot (X, Y, FMT,...)

and so on. Any number of argument sets may appear.The Xand Y

values are interpreted asfollows:

* If a single dataargument is supplied, it is taken as the set

of Y coordinates andthe X coordinates are taken to be the

indices of theelements, starting with 1.

* If X and Y arescalars, a single point is plotted.

* `squeeze()' isapplied to arguments with more th-- less -- (f)orward, (ban two

dimensions, but nomore than two singleton dimensions.

* If both argumentsare vectors, the elements of Y are plotted

versus the elementsof X.

* If X is a vector andY is a matrix, then the columns (or

rows) of Y areplotted versus X. (using whichever

combination matches,with columns tried first.)

* If the X is a matrixand Y is a vector, Y is plotted versus

the columns (orrows) of X. (using whichever combination

matches, withcolumns tried first.)

* If both argumentsare matrices, the columns of Y are plotted

versus the columnsof X. In this case, both matrices must

have the same numberof rows and columns and no attempt is

made to transposethe arguments to make the number of rows

match.

Multipleproperty-value pairs may be specified, but they must

appear in pairs. These arguments are applied to the lineobjects

drawn by `plot'. Useful properties to modify are"linestyle",

"linewidth","color", "marker", "markersize","markeredgecolor",

"markerfacecolor". *Note Line Properties::.

The FMT format argumentcan also be used to control the plot style.

It is a string composedof four optional parts:

"<linestyle><marker><color><;displayname;>". When a marker is

specified, but nolinestyle, only the markers are plo-- less -- (f)orward, (btted.

Similarly, if a linestyleis specified, but no marker, then only

lines are drawn. If both are specified then lines and markerswill

be plotted. If no FMT and no PROPERTY/VALUE pairs aregiven, then

the default plot style issolid lines with no markers and the

color determined by the"colororder" property of the current axes.

Format arguments:

linestyle

`-' Use solid lines (default).

`--' Use dashed lines.

`:' Use dotted lines.

`-.' Use dash-dottedlines.

marker

`+' crosshair

`o' circle

`*' star

`.' point

`x' cross

`s' square

`d' diamond

`^' upward-facing triangle

`v' downward-facing triangle

`>' right-facing triangle

`<' left-facing triangle

`p' pentagram

`h' hexagram

color

`k' blacK

`r' Red

`g' Green

`b' Blue

`y' Yellow

`m' Magenta

`c' Cyan

`w' White

";displayname;"

Here"displayname" is the label to use for the plot legend.

The FMT argument may alsobe used to assign legend labels. To do

so, include the desiredlabel between semicolons after the

formatting sequencedescribed above, e.g., "+b;Key Title;". Note

that the last semicolonis required and Octave will generate an

error if it is left out.

Here are some plotexamples:

plot (x, y,"or", x, y2, x, y3, "m", x, y4, "+")

This commandwill plot `y' with red circles, `y2' with solid

lines, `y3' with solidmagenta lines, and `y4' with points

displayed as `+'.

plot (b,"*", "markersize", 10)

This commandwill plot the data in the variable `b', with points

displayed as `*' and amarker size of 10.

t = 0:0.1:6.3;

plot (t, cos(t),"-;cos(t);", t, sin(t), "-b;sin(t);");

This will plotthe cosine and sine functions and label them

accordingly in thelegend.

If the firstargument HAX is an axes handle, then plot into this

axis, rather than thecurrent axes returned by `gca'.

The optionalreturn value H is a vector of graphics handles to the

created line objects.

To save a plot, in one ofseveral image formats such -- less -- (f)orward, (bas PostScript

or PNG, use the `print'command.

8. for语句：

>>x=3,for k=1:31,x=sqrt(x+1),end

Syntax

for variable = expression

statements

end

Description

The general format is

for variable = expression

statement

...

statement

end

for语句因为知道循环的次数，所以for后面跟的是循环的次数，用逗号分隔，用end结束

>> help for

-- forI = RANGE

Begin a for loop.

for i = 1:10

endfor