c++ 泛型 编程 之 Functor 设计模式

完整代码见： 

 http://download.csdn.net/detail/zhuyingqingfen/8457091

#ifndef FUNCTOR_H_
#define FUNCTOR_H_

#include "typelists.h"
#include "typetraits.h"

template<typename R,class TList>class FunctorImpl;
template<typename R>
class FunctorImpl<R,NullType>
{
public:
	virtual R operator()() = 0;
	//Clone 目的是为了产生FunctorImpl对象的一份多态(通过基类指针调用实际的对象的Clone方法)拷贝
	//这个也用到了“协变式返回类型"特性，即你可以在子类中改写返回值类型，指向子类(pointer to derived class)
	virtual FunctorImpl * Clone()const = 0;
	virtual ~FunctorImpl(){}//虚构造函数的作用是当删除FunctorImpl的指针时，能够调用FunctorImpl的
	//派生类的指针。
};
template<typename R,typename P1>
class FunctorImpl<R,TYPELIST_1(P1)>
{
public:
	virtual R operator()(P1) = 0;
	virtual FunctorImpl * Clone()const = 0;
	virtual ~FunctorImpl(){}
};
template<typename R,typename P1,typename P2>
class FunctorImpl<R,TYPELIST_2(P1,P2)>
{
public:
	virtual R operator()(P1,P2) = 0;
	virtual FunctorImpl * Clone()const = 0;
	virtual ~FunctorImpl(){}
};

template<class ParentFunctor,typename Fun>
class FunctorHandler://普通函数实现
	public FunctorImpl<typename ParentFunctor::ResultType,typename ParentFunctor::ParmList>
{
public:
	typedef typename ParentFunctor::ResultType ResultType;

	FunctorHandler(const Fun & fun):_fun(fun){}
	FunctorHandler*Clone()const{return new FunctorHandler(*this);}
	ResultType operator()(){return _fun;}
	ResultType operator()(typename ParentFunctor::Parm1 p1){return _fun(p1);}
	ResultType operator()(typename ParentFunctor::Parm1 p1,typename ParentFunctor::Parm2 p2)
	{
		return _fun(p1,p2);
	}
private:
	Fun _fun;
};

template<class ParentFunctor,typename PointerToObj,typename PointerToMemFn>
class MemFunHandler : 
	public FunctorImpl<typename ParentFunctor::ResultType,typename ParentFunctor::ParmList>
{
public:
	typedef typename ParentFunctor::ResultType ResultType;

	MemFunHandler(const PointerToObj & pOjb,PointerToMemFn pMemFn)
		:_pObj(pOjb),_pMemFn(pMemFn){}
	MemFunHandler * Clone()const {return new MemFunHandler(*this);}
	ResultType operator()(){return ((*_pObj).*_pMemFn)();}
	ResultType operator()(typename ParentFunctor::Parm1 p1)
	{return ((*_pObj).*_pMemFn)(p1);}
	ResultType operator()(typename ParentFunctor::Parm1,typename ParentFunctor::Parm2)
	{return ((*_pObj).*_pMemFn)(p1,p2);}
	
private:
	PointerToObj _pObj;
	PointerToMemFn _pMemFn;
};
template<typename R,class TList>
class Functor
{
public:
	typedef R ResultType;
	typedef TList ParmList;
	typedef typename TypeAtNonStrict<TList,0,EmptyType>::Result Parm1;
	typedef typename TypeAtNonStrict<TList,1,EmptyType>::Result Parm2;

	//用来处理仿函数和普通函数
	template<typename Fun>
	explicit Functor(const Fun & fun)
		:spImpl(new FunctorHandler<Functor,Fun>(fun))
	{

	}
	//用来处理普通类成员函数
	template <class P, typename MF>
	explicit Functor(P const& pobj, MF memfun)
		:spImpl(new MemFunHandler<Functor,P,MF>(pobj,memfun))
	{
	}
	Functor():spImpl(0)
	{
	}
	Functor(const Functor & src)
	{
		spImpl = src.spImpl?src.spImpl->Clone():NULL;
	}
	Functor& operator = (const Functor &)
	{
		if (this != &src) {
			if (spImpl) delete spImpl;
			spImpl = src.spImpl? src.spImpl->Clone():NULL;
		}
		return *this;
	}
	R operator()(){return (*spImpl)();}
	R operator()(Parm1 p1){return (*spImpl)(p1);}
	R operator()(Parm1 p1,Parm2 p2){return (*spImpl)(p1,p2);}
private:
	typedef FunctorImpl<R,TList> Impl;
	std::auto_ptr<Impl>spImpl;
};
#endif

测试：

struct TestFunctor{
	void operator()(int i,double d)
	{
		std::cout<<"test functor:"<<i<<"  "<<d<<std::endl;
	}
};
void MysimpleFunction(int i,double d)
{
	std::cout<<"test functor:"<<i<<"  "<<d<<std::endl;
}
class MyClass
{
public:
	void test(int i){std::cout<<i<<std::endl;}
	void print(){std::cout<<"Myclass:print()"<<std::endl;}
}; 
void functor_test()
{
	std::cout<<"Functor Test:-----------"<<std::endl;
	TestFunctor f;
	Functor<void, TYPELIST_2(int,double)>cmd(f);

	typedef void (*PFun)(int,double);
	PFun pf  = MysimpleFunction; 

	/*（摘自网络)
	按照&运算符本来的意义，它要求其操作数是一个对象，但函数名不是对象（函数是一个对象），本来&test是非法的，但很久以前有些编译器已经允许这样做， 
	c/c++标准的制定者出于对象的概念已经有所发展的缘故，也承认了&test的合法性。 

	因此，对于test和&test你应该这样理解，test是函数的首地址，它的类型是void ()，&test表示一个指向函数test这个对象的地址， 
	它的类型是void (*)()，因此test和&test所代表的地址值是一样的，但类型不一样。test是一个函数，&test表达式的值是一个指针！ 
	跟此问题类似的还有对一个数组名取地址。 
	int a[100]; 
	printf("%p\n", a); 
	printf("%p\n", &a[0]); 

	打印值一样。 
	但是数组名a，指向的是具有100个int类型的组数； 
	&a[0]指向的是元素a[0]。 
	即他们的值相同，但指向的类型不同
	*/
 
	std::cout<<" 函数"<<MysimpleFunction<<" "<<&MysimpleFunction<<std::endl;
	Functor<void, TYPELIST_2(int,double)>cmd2(pf);
	//Functor<void, TYPELIST_2(int,double)>cmd2(&MysimpleFunction);
	Functor<void, TYPELIST_2(int,double)>cmd3(static_cast<PFun>(MysimpleFunction));
	cmd(2,3.4);
	cmd2(11,3.4455);
	cmd3(3,4.55);

	MyClass c;
	Functor<void,TYPELIST_0()> ff(&c,&MyClass::print);	
	ff();

	std::cout<<"End Functor Test.........."<<std::endl;
}