Android init.rc解析

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-23 21:14:49 发布

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Android初始化语言由四大类声明组成:行为类(Actions),命令类(Commands)，服务类(Services),选项类(Options).

* 初始化语言以行为单位，由以空格间隔的语言符号组成。C风格的反斜杠转义符可以用来插入空白到语言符号。双引号也可以用来防止文本被空格分成多个语言符号。当反斜杠在行末时，作为折行符。

* 以#开始(前面允许有空格)的行为注释行。

* Actions和Services隐含声明一个新的段落。所有该段落下Commands或Options的声明属于该段落。第一段落前的Commands或Options被忽略。

* Actions和Services拥有独一无二的命名。在它们之后声明相同命名的类将被当作错误并忽略。

Actions

-------

Actions是一系列命令的命名。Actions拥有一个触发器(trigger)用来决定action何时执行。当一个action在符合触发条件被执行时，如果它还没被加入到待执行队列中的话，则加入到队列最后。

队列中的action依次执行，action中的命令也依次执行。Init在执行命令的中间处理其它活动(设备创建/销毁,property设置，进程重启)。

Actions表现形式为：

on <trigger>

Services

--------

Services是由init启动，在它们退出时重启(可选)。Service表现形式为:

service <name> <pathname> [ <argument> ]*

...

Options

-------

Options是Services的修饰，它们影响init何时、如何运行service.

critical

这是一个设备关键服务(device-critical service) .如果它在4分钟内退出超过4次，设备将重启并进入恢复模式。

disabled

这个服务的级别将不会自动启动，它必须被依照服务名指定启动才可以启动。

setenv <name> <value>

设置已启动的进程的环境变量<name>的值<value>

socket <name> <type> <perm> [ <user> [ <group> ] ]

创建一个名为/dev/socket/<name>的unix domin socket，并传送它的fd到已启动的进程。<type>必须为"dgram"或"stream".用户和组默认为0.

user <username>

在执行服务前改变用户名。当前默认为root.如果你的进程需要linux能力，你不能使用这个命令。你必须在还是root时请求能力，并下降到你需要的uid.

group <groupname> [ <groupname> ]*

在执行服务前改变组。在第一个组后的组将设为进程附加组(通过setgroups()).当前默认为root.

oneshot

在服务退出后不重启。

class <name>

为service指定一个类别名。同样类名的所有的服务可以一起启动或停止。如果没有指定类别的服务默认为"default"类。

onrestart

当服务重启时执行一个命令。

Triggers

--------

Triggers(触发器)是一个字符串，可以用来匹配某种类型的事件并执行一个action。

boot

这是当init开始后执行的第一个触发器(当/init.conf被加载)

当property <name>被设为指定的值<value>时触发。

device-added-<path>

device-removed-<path>

当设备节点被添加或移除时触发。

service-exited-<name>

当指定的服务存在时触发

Commands

--------

exec <path> [ <argument> ]*

Fork并执行一个程序(<path>).这将被block直到程序执行完毕。最好避免执行例如内建命令以外的程序，它可能会导致init被阻塞不动。

export <name> <value>

设定全局环境变量<name>的值<value>，当这个命令执行后所有的进程都可以取得。

ifup <interface>

使网络接口<interface>联机。

import <filename>

解析一个init配置文件，扩展当前配置文件。

hostname <name>

设置主机名

chmod <octal-mode> <path>

改变文件访问权限

chown <owner> <group> <path>

改变文件所属和组

class_start <serviceclass>

当指定类别的服务没有运行，启动该类别所有的服务。

class_stop <serviceclass>

当指定类别的服务正在运行，停止该类别所有的服务。

domainname <name>

设置域名。

insmod <path>

加载该路径<path>的模块

mkdir <path> [mode] [owner] [group]

在<path>创建一个目录,可选选项:mod,owner,group.如果没有指定，目录以755权限，owner为root,group为root创建.

mount <type> <device> <dir> [ <mountoption> ]*

尝试mount <device>到目录<dir>. <device>可以用mtd@name格式以命名指定一个mtd块设备。<mountoption>包含"ro","rw","remount","noatime".

setkey

暂时没有

setprop <name> <value>

设置系统property <name>的值<value>.

setrlimit <resource> <cur> <max>

设置resource的rlimit.

start <service>

启动一个没有运行的服务。

stop <service>

停止一个正在运行的服务。

symlink <target> <path>

创建一个<path>的符号链接到<target>

sysclktz <mins_west_of_gmt>

设置系统时区(GMT为0)

trigger <event>

触发一个事件。用于调用其它action。

write <path> <string> [ <string> ]*

打开<path>的文件并写入一个或多个字符串。

Properties

----------

Init会更新一些系统property以提供查看它正在干嘛。

init.action

当前正在执行的action,如果没有则为""

init.command

被执行的命令，如果没有则为""

init.svc.<name>

命名为<name>的服务的状态("stopped", "running", "restarting")

init.rc 示例:

-----------------

# not complete -- just providing some examples of usage

on boot

export PATH /sbin:/system/sbin:/system/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH /system/lib

mkdir /dev

mkdir /proc

mkdir /sys

mount tmpfs tmpfs /dev

mkdir /dev/pts

mkdir /dev/socket

mount devpts devpts /dev/pts

mount proc proc /proc

mount sysfs sysfs /sys

write /proc/cpu/alignment 4

ifup lo

hostname localhost

domainname localhost

mount yaffs2 mtd@system /system

mount yaffs2 mtd@userdata /data

import /system/etc/init.conf

class_start default

service adbd /sbin/adbd

user adb

group adb

service usbd /system/bin/usbd -r

user usbd

group usbd

socket usbd 666

service zygote /system/bin/app_process -Xzygote /system/bin --zygote

socket zygote 666

service runtime /system/bin/runtime

user system

group system

on device-added-/dev/compass

start akmd

on device-removed-/dev/compass

stop akmd

service akmd /sbin/akmd

disabled

user akmd

group akmd

调试

---------------

默认情况下，init执行的程序输出的信息和错误到/dev/null.为了debug，你可以通过Android程序logwrapper执行你的程序。这将复位向输出/错误输出到Android logging系统(通过logcat访问)。

例如

service akmd /system/bin/logwrapper /sbin/akmd

on early-init
    start ueventd

on init

sysclktz 0

loglevel 3

# setup the global environment
    export PATH /sbin:/vendor/bin:/system/sbin:/system/bin:/system/xbin:/system/busybox/bin:/system/busybox/sbin:/system/busybox/usr/bin:/system/busybox/usr/sbin
    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH /vendor/lib:/system/lib
    export ANDROID_BOOTLOGO 1
    export ANDROID_ROOT /system
    export ANDROID_ASSETS /system/app
    export ANDROID_DATA /data
    export EXTERNAL_STORAGE /mnt/sdcard
    export ASEC_MOUNTPOINT /mnt/asec
    export LOOP_MOUNTPOINT /mnt/obb
    export BOOTCLASSPATH /system/framework/core.jar:/system/framework/bouncycastle.jar:/system/framework/ext.jar:/system/framework/framework.jar:/system/framework/android.policy.jar:/system/framework/services.jar:/system/framework/core-junit.jar

# Backward compatibility
    symlink /system/etc /etc
    symlink /sys/kernel/debug /d

# Right now vendor lives on the same filesystem as system,
# but someday that may change.
    symlink /system/vendor /vendor

# create mountpoints
    mkdir /mnt 0775 root system
    mkdir /mnt/sdcard 0000 system system

# Create cgroup mount point for cpu accounting
    mkdir /acct
    mount cgroup none /acct cpuacct
    mkdir /acct/uid

# Backwards Compat - XXX: Going away in G*
    symlink /mnt/sdcard /sdcard

    mkdir /system
    mkdir /data 0771 system system
    mkdir /cache 0770 system cache
    mkdir /config 0500 root root

    # Directory for putting things only root should see.
    mkdir /mnt/secure 0700 root root

    # Directory for staging bindmounts
    mkdir /mnt/secure/staging 0700 root root

    # Directory-target for where the secure container
    # imagefile directory will be bind-mounted
    mkdir /mnt/secure/asec  0700 root root

    # Secure container public mount points.
    mkdir /mnt/asec  0700 root system
    mount tmpfs tmpfs /mnt/asec mode=0755,gid=1000

    # Filesystem image public mount points.
    mkdir /mnt/obb 0700 root system
    mount tmpfs tmpfs /mnt/obb mode=0755,gid=1000

    #for  cmdline 3G dialup
    mkdir /var 0000 system system
    mount tmpfs tmpfs  /var size=2m
    mkdir /var/lock
    mkdir /var/run
    mkdir /var/log
    mount usbfs none /proc/bus/usb -o devmode=0666

    write /proc/sys/kernel/panic_on_oops 1
    write /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs 0
    write /proc/cpu/alignment 4
    write /proc/sys/kernel/sched_latency_ns 10000000
    write /proc/sys/kernel/sched_wakeup_granularity_ns 2000000
    write /proc/sys/kernel/sched_compat_yield 1
    write /proc/sys/kernel/sched_child_runs_first 0

# Create cgroup mount points for process groups
    mkdir /dev/cpuctl
    mount cgroup none /dev/cpuctl cpu
    chown system system /dev/cpuctl
    chown system system /dev/cpuctl/tasks
    chmod 0777 /dev/cpuctl/tasks
    write /dev/cpuctl/cpu.shares 1024

    mkdir /dev/cpuctl/fg_boost
    chown system system /dev/cpuctl/fg_boost/tasks
    chmod 0777 /dev/cpuctl/fg_boost/tasks
    write /dev/cpuctl/fg_boost/cpu.shares 1024

    mkdir /dev/cpuctl/bg_non_interactive
    chown system system /dev/cpuctl/bg_non_interactive/tasks
    chmod 0777 /dev/cpuctl/bg_non_interactive/tasks
    # 5.0 %
    write /dev/cpuctl/bg_non_interactive/cpu.shares 52

on fs
# mount mtd partitions
    # Mount /system rw first to give the filesystem a chance to save a checkpoint
      mount yaffs2 mtd@system /system
      mount yaffs2 mtd@system /system rw remount
      mount yaffs2 mtd@userdata /data nosuid nodev
      mount yaffs2 mtd@cache /cache nosuid nodev

on post-fs
    # once everything is setup, no need to modify /
    #  mount rootfs rootfs / rw remount

    # We chown/chmod /data again so because mount is run as root + defaults
    chown system system /data
    chmod 0771 /data

    # Create dump dir and collect dumps.
    # Do this before we mount cache so eventually we can use cache for
    # storing dumps on platforms which do not have a dedicated dump partition.
   
    mkdir /data/dontpanic
    chown root log /data/dontpanic
    chmod 0750 /data/dontpanic

    # Collect apanic data, free resources and re-arm trigger
    copy /proc/apanic_console /data/dontpanic/apanic_console
    chown root log /data/dontpanic/apanic_console
    chmod 0640 /data/dontpanic/apanic_console

    copy /proc/apanic_threads /data/dontpanic/apanic_threads
    chown root log /data/dontpanic/apanic_threads
    chmod 0640 /data/dontpanic/apanic_threads

    write /proc/apanic_console 1

    # Same reason as /data above
    chown system cache /cache
    chmod 0770 /cache

    # This may have been created by the recovery system with odd permissions
    chown system cache /cache/recovery
    chmod 0770 /cache/recovery

    #change permissions on vmallocinfo so we can grab it from bugreports
    chown root log /proc/vmallocinfo
    chmod 0440 /proc/vmallocinfo

    #change permissions on kmsg & sysrq-trigger so bugreports can grab kthread stacks
    chown root system /proc/kmsg
    chmod 0440 /proc/kmsg
    chown root system /proc/sysrq-trigger
    chmod 0220 /proc/sysrq-trigger

# create basic filesystem structure
    mkdir /data/misc 01771 system misc
    mkdir /data/misc/bluetoothd 0770 bluetooth bir /data/lost+found 0770
    mkdir /cache/lost+found 0770

    # double check the perms, in case lost+found already exists, and set owner
    chown root root /data/lost+found
    chmod 0770 /data/lost+found
    chown root root /cache/lost+found
    chmod 0770 /cache/lost+found

#forlinx add for app to operate devices
    chmod 0666  /dev/leds
    chmod 0666  /dev/pwm
    chmod 0666  /dev/adc
	chmod 0666  /dev/s3c-cmm
	chmod 0666  /dev/s3c-g2d
	chmod 0666	/dev/s3c-g3d
	chmod 0666	/dev/s3c-jpg
	chmod 0666	/dev/s3c-mfc


on boot
# basic network init
    ifup lo
    hostname localhost
    domainname localdomain

# set RLIMIT_NICE to allow priorities from 19 to -20
    setrlimit 13 40 40

# Define the oom_adj values for the classes of processes that can be
# killed by the kernel.  These are used in ActivityManagerService.
    setprop ro.FOREGROUND_APP_ADJ 0
    setprop ro.VISIBLE_APP_ADJ 1
    setprop ro.PERCEPTIBLE_APP_ADJ 2
    setprop ro.HEAVY_WEIGHT_APP_ADJ 3
    setprop ro.SECONDARY_SERVER_ADJ 4
    setprop ro.BACKUP_APP_ADJ 5
    setprop ro.HOME_APP_ADJ 6
    setprop ro.HIDDEN_APP_MIN_ADJ 7
    setprop ro.EMPTY_APP_ADJ 15

# Define the memory thresholds at which the above process classes will
# be killed.  These numbers are in pages (4k).
    setprop ro.FOREGROUND_APP_MEM 2048
    setprop ro.VISIBLE_APP_MEM 3072
    setprop ro.PERCEPTIBLE_APP_MEM 4096
    setprop ro.HEAVY_WEIGHT_APP_MEM 4096
    setprop ro.SECONDARY_SERVER_MEM 6144
    setprop ro.BACKUP_APP_MEM 6144
    setprop ro.HOME_APP_MEM 6144
    setprop ro.HIDDEN_APP_MEM 7168
    setprop ro.EMPTY_APP_MEM 8192

# Define the Wi-Fi and other props
    setprop wifi.interface wlan0
    setprop wlan.interface wlan0
    setprop wlan.driver.status ok
    setprop wlan.modpath /system/lib/libwifi/
#    setprop ro.sf.hwrotation 270



# Write value must be consistent with the above properties.
# Note that the driver only supports 6 slots, so we have combined some of
# the classes into the same memory level; the associated processes of higher
# classes will still be killed first.
    write /sys/module/lowmemorykiller/parameters/adj 0,1,2,4,7,15

    write /proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory 1
    write /proc/sys/vm/min_free_order_shift 4
    write /sys/module/lowmemorykiller/parameters/minfree 2048,3072,4096,6144,7168,8192

    # Set init its forked children's oom_adj.
    write /proc/1/oom_adj -16

    # Tweak background writeout
    write /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs 200
    write /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio  5

    # Permissions for System Server and daemons.
    chown radio system /sys/android_power/state
    chown radio system /sys/android_power/request_state
    chown radio system /sys/android_power/acquire_full_wake_lock
    chown radio system /sys/android_power/acquire_partial_wake_lock
    chown radio system /sys/android_power/release_wake_lock
    chown radio system /sys/power/state
    chown radio system /sys/power/wake_lock
    chown radio system /sys/power/wake_unlock
    chmod 0660 /sys/power/state
    chmod 0660 /sys/power/wake_lock
    chmod 0660 /sys/power/wake_unlock

    chmod 0777 /sys/class/rfkill/rfkill0/state
    chmod 0777 /dev/video0
    chmod 0777 /dev/video1	
    chmod 0777 /dev/video2

    chown system system /sys/class/timed_output/vibrator/enable
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/keyboard-backlight/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/lcd-backlight/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/button-backlight/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/jogball-backlight/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/red/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/green/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/blue/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/red/device/grpfreq
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/red/device/grppwm
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/red/device/blink
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/red/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/green/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/blue/brightness
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/red/device/grpfreq
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/red/device/grppwm
    chown system system /sys/class/leds/red/device/blink
    chown system system /sys/class/timed_output/vibrator/enable
    chown system system /sys/module/sco/parameters/disable_esco
    chown system system /sys/kernel/ipv4/tcp_wmem_min
    chown system system /sys/kernel/ipv4/tcp_wmem_def
    chown system system /sys/kernel/ipv4/tcp_wmem_max
    chown system system /sys/kernel/ipv4/tcp_rmem_min
    chown system system /sys/kernel/ipv4/tcp_rmem_def
    chown system system /sys/kernel/ipv4/tcp_rmem_max
    chown root radio /proc/cmdline

# Define TCP buffer sizes for various networks
#   ReadMin, ReadInitial, ReadMax, WriteMin, WriteInitial, WriteMax,
    setprop net.tcp.buffersize.default 4096,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208
    setprop net.tcp.buffersize.wifi    4095,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208
    setprop net.tcp.buffersize.umts    4094,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208
    setprop net.tcp.buffersize.edge    4093,26280,35040,4096,16384,35040
    setprop net.tcp.buffersize.gprs    4092,8760,11680,4096,8760,11680
   
    setprop net.dns1 8.8.8.8 
    setprop net.dns2 8.8.4.4

    class_start default

## Daemon processes to be run by init.
##
service ueventd /sbin/ueventd
    critical

service console /system/bin/sh
    console
    disabled
    user root
    group log

on property:ro.secure=0
    start console

       
# adbd is controlled by the persist.service.adb.enable system property
service adbd /sbin/adbd
    disabled

# adbd on at boot in emulator
on property:ro.kernel.qemu=1
    start adbd

on property:persist.service.adb.enable=1
    start adbd

on property:persist.service.adb.enable=0
    stop adbd

#forlinx add 
service forlinx /forlinx.rc
         oneshot


service servicemanager /system/bin/servicemanager
    user system
    critical
    onrestart restart zygote
    onrestart restart media

service vold /system/bin/vold
    socket vold stream 0660 root mount
    ioprio be 2

service netd /system/bin/netd
    socket netd stream 0660 root system

service debuggerd /system/bin/debuggerd

service ril-daemon /system/bin/rild
    socket rild stream 660 root radio
    socket rild-debug stream 660 radio system
    user root
    group radio cache inet misc audio sdcard_rw

service zygote /system/bin/app_process -Xzygote /system/bin --zygote --start-system-server
    socket zygote stream 666
    onrestart write /sys/android_power/request_state wake
    onrestart write /sys/power/state on
    onrestart restart media
    onrestart restart netd

service media /system/bin/mediaserver
    user media
    group system audio camera graphics inet net_bt net_bt_admin net_raw
    ioprio rt 4

service bootanim /system/bin/bootanimation
    user graphics
    group graphics
    disabled
    oneshot

service dbus /system/bin/dbus-daemon --system --nofork
    socket dbus stream 660 bluetooth bluetooth
    user bluetooth
    group bluetooth net_bt_admin

service bluetoothd /system/bin/bluetoothd -n
    socket bluetooth stream 660 bluetooth bluetooth
    socket dbus_bluetooth stream 660 bluetooth bluetooth
    # init.rc does not yet support applying capabilities, so run as root and
    # let bluetoothd drop uid to bluetooth with the right linux capabilities
    group bluetooth net_bt_admin misc
    disabled

service hfag /system/bin/sdptool add --channel=10 HFAG
    user bluetooth
    group bluetooth net_bt_admin
    disabled
    oneshot

service hsag /system/bin/sdptool add --channel=11 HSAG
    user bluetooth
    group bluetooth net_bt_admin
    disabled
    oneshot

service opush /system/bin/sdptool add --channel=12 OPUSH
    user bluetooth
    group bluetooth net_bt_admin
    disabled
    oneshot

service pbap /system/bin/sdptool add --channel=19 PBAP
    user bluetooth
    group bluetooth net_bt_admin
    disabled
    oneshot

service installd /system/bin/installd
    socket installd stream 600 system system

#service flash_recovery /system/etc/install-recovery.sh
#    oneshot

service racoon /system/bin/racoon
    socket racoon stream 600 system system
    # racoon will setuid to vpn after getting necessary resources.
    group net_admin
    disabled
    oneshot

service mtpd /system/bin/mtpd
    socket mtpd stream 600 system system
    user vpn
    group vpn net_admin net_raw
    disabled
    oneshot

service keystore /system/bin/keystore /data/misc/keystore
    user keystore
    group keystore
    socket keystore stream 666

service dumpstate /system/bin/dumpstate -s
    socket dumpstate stream 0660 shell log
    disabled
    oneshot

service OK6410-setup /system/etc/init.OK6410.sh
    oneshot

# we will start as root and wpa_supplicant will switch to user wifi
# after setting up the capabilities required for WEXT  
service wpa_supplicant /system/bin/wpa_supplicant \
    -Dwext -iwlan0 -c/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf -dd
#    user wifi
#    group wifi inet keystore system 
    socket wpa_wlan0 dgram 777 wifi wifi
    disabled
    oneshot


service dhcpcd_wlan0 /system/bin/dhcpcd -o domain_name_servers -t 120  -f /system/etc/dhcpcd/dhcpcd.conf -d wlan0
    group dhcp wifi system
    disabled
    oneshot


on property:init.svc.wpa_supplicant=stopped
    stop dhcpcd_wlan0

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Android init.rc解析

Android初始化语言由四大类声明组成:行为类(Actions),命令类(Commands)，服务类(Services),选项类(Options).*初始化语言以行为单位，由以空格间隔的语言符号组成。C风格的反斜杠转义符可以用来插入空白到语言符号。双引号也可以用来防止文本被空格分成多个语言符号。当反斜杠在行末时，作为折行符。*以#开始(前面允许有空格)的行为注释行。
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