Android_shell编程

作为底层人员开发android测试程序，经常用到一些脚本来开发一些功能，集成到APP中。

如果使用编码来实现shell脚本，一来非常麻烦，二来效率低，三来很多功能根本实现不了。

这里很多脚本需要root来运行，那么作为开发的设备，首先得确保能正常获取到ROOT权限。

ROOT的方法具体的设备均不相同，但原理都是通的。

1. 破解和集成su命令

2. 权限管理软件如：SuperSU

具体破解的方法就自行百度吧。

JAVA: shell类

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * ShellUtils
 * <ul>
 * <strong>Check root</strong>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#checkRootPermission()}</li>
 * </ul>
 * <ul>
 * <strong>Execte command</strong>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String, boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String, boolean, boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(List, boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(List, boolean, boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean)}</li>
 * <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)}</li>
 * </ul>
 * 
 * @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
 */
public class ShellUtils {

    public static final String COMMAND_SU       = "su";
    public static final String COMMAND_SH       = "sh";
    public static final String COMMAND_EXIT     = "exit\n";
    public static final String COMMAND_LINE_END = "\n";
    //add
    public static final String COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE = "\r\n";

    private ShellUtils() {
        throw new AssertionError();
    }

    /**
     * check whether has root permission
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean checkRootPermission() {
        return execCommand("echo root", true, false).result == 0;
    }

    /**
     * execute shell command, default return result msg
     * 
     * @param command command
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot) {
        return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, true);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell commands, default return result msg
     * 
     * @param commands command list
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands, boolean isRoot) {
        return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, true);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell commands, default return result msg
     * 
     * @param commands command array
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot) {
        return execCommand(commands, isRoot, true);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell command
     * 
     * @param command command
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
        return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell commands
     * 
     * @param commands command list
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
     * @return
     * @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
        return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
    }

    /**
     * execute shell commands
     * 
     * @param commands command array
     * @param isRoot whether need to run with root
     * @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
     * @return <ul>
     *         <li>if isNeedResultMsg is false, {@link CommandResult#successMsg} is null and
     *         {@link CommandResult#errorMsg} is null.</li>
     *         <li>if {@link CommandResult#result} is -1, there maybe some excepiton.</li>
     *         </ul>
     */
    public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
        int result = -1;
        if (commands == null || commands.length == 0) {
            return new CommandResult(result, null, null);
        }

        Process process = null;
        BufferedReader successResult = null;
        BufferedReader errorResult = null;
        StringBuilder successMsg = null;
        StringBuilder errorMsg = null;

        DataOutputStream os = null;
        try {
            process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(isRoot ? COMMAND_SU : COMMAND_SH);
            os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream());
            for (String command : commands) {
                if (command == null) {
                    continue;
                }

                // donnot use os.writeBytes(commmand), avoid chinese charset error
                os.write(command.getBytes());
                os.writeBytes(COMMAND_LINE_END);
                os.flush();
            }
            os.writeBytes(COMMAND_EXIT);
            os.flush();

            result = process.waitFor();
            // get command result
            if (isNeedResultMsg) {
                successMsg = new StringBuilder();
                errorMsg = new StringBuilder();
                successResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
                errorResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
                String s;
                while ((s = successResult.readLine()) != null) {
                    successMsg.append(s).append(COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE);
                }
                while ((s = errorResult.readLine()) != null) {
                    errorMsg.append(s).append(COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE);
                }
              
                //返回信息 使用换行
                if(successMsg!=null&&successMsg.length()>COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE.length()){
                successMsg.delete(successMsg.length()-COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE.length(), successMsg.length());
                }
                if(errorMsg!=null&&errorMsg.length()>COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE.length()){
                	errorMsg.delete(errorMsg.length()-COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE.length(), errorMsg.length());
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (os != null) {
                    os.close();
                }
                if (successResult != null) {
                    successResult.close();
                }
                if (errorResult != null) {
                    errorResult.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            if (process != null) {
                process.destroy();
            }
        }
        return new CommandResult(result, successMsg == null ? null : successMsg.toString(), errorMsg == null ? null
                : errorMsg.toString());
    }

    /**
     * result of command
     * <ul>
     * <li>{@link CommandResult#result} means result of command, 0 means normal, else means error, same to excute in
     * linux shell</li>
     * <li>{@link CommandResult#successMsg} means success message of command result</li>
     * <li>{@link CommandResult#errorMsg} means error message of command result</li>
     * </ul>
     * 
     * @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
     */
    public static class CommandResult {

        /** result of command **/
        public int    result;
        /** success message of command result **/
        public String successMsg;
        /** error message of command result **/
        public String errorMsg;

        public CommandResult(int result) {
            this.result = result;
        }

        public CommandResult(int result, String successMsg, String errorMsg) {
            this.result = result;
            this.successMsg = successMsg;
            this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
        }
    }
}

使用的方法很简单，这里做一个简单封装：

	public static int run_shell(String shell[], boolean isRoot) {
		if (null == shell || shell.length <= 0) {
			return -1;
		}
		List<String> commnandList = new ArrayList<String>();
		for (String s : shell) {
			// Log.d(TAG, s);
			commnandList.add(s);
		}
		CommandResult result = ShellUtils.execCommand(commnandList, isRoot);
		commnandList.clear();
		if (result.result == 0) {
			Log.d(TAG, "successMsg: " + result.successMsg);
		} else {
			Log.d(TAG, "error: " + result.errorMsg);
		}
		return result.result;
	}

String cmd1[]={
     "rm /sdcard/shj*.log",
};
run_shell(cmd1,true);

这里的封装单单是为了运行命令而封装的，当命令成功返回，需要参考 返回信息。

像ls这类命令，返回信息就非常重要，用法就不是这样的了。

至于为什么我要封装成命令数组，在于有些命令非常麻烦，居然不支持绝对路径，busybox中tar命令，居然没有-P这个参数。

当然很多命令适合封装成脚本来运行，就得先chmod +x 然后在 执行，所以数组也蛮合理的。

这里的boolean值，就是要说是否使用ROOT权限来执行这个命令，

如果这里填true,已经root并安装supersu会弹出是否允许的提示框。

当然觉得这个提示很烦，可以在superSU设置为默认允许即可。