用Jersey构建RESTful服务-JAVA对象转成XML/Json输出

1、XML数据类型输出：

一、 总体说明

XML和JSON 是最为常用的数据交换格式。本例子演示如何将java对象，转成XML输出。

二、流程

1.在上文的例子中，创建一个包“com.waylau.rest.bean”

2.在该包下创建一个JAVA类"User"

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1. package com.waylau.rest.bean;  
2. import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;  
3. /* 
4.  * 用户 bean 
5.  * @author waylau.com 
6.  * 2014-3-17 
7.  */  
8. @XmlRootElement  
9. public class User {  
10.       
11.     private String userId;  
12.     private String userName;  
13.     private String age;  
14.       
15.     public User() {};  
16.       
17.     public User(String userId, String userName, String age) {  
18.         this.userId = userId;  
19.         this.userName = userName;  
20.         this.age = age;  
21.     }  
22.     public String getUserId() {  
23.         return userId;  
24.     }  
25.     public void setUserId(String userId) {  
26.         this.userId = userId;  
27.     }  
28.     public String getUserName() {  
29.         return userName;  
30.     }  
31.     public void setUserName(String userName) {  
32.         this.userName = userName;  
33.     }  
34.     public String getAge() {  
35.         return age;  
36.     }  
37.     public void setAge(String age) {  
38.         this.age = age;  
39.     }  
40. }  

package com.waylau.rest.bean;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
/*
 * 用户 bean
 * @author waylau.com
 * 2014-3-17
 */
@XmlRootElement
public class User {
	
	private String userId;
	private String userName;
	private String age;
	
	public User() {};
	
	public User(String userId, String userName, String age) {
		this.userId = userId;
		this.userName = userName;
		this.age = age;
	}
	public String getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}
	public void setUserId(String userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}
	public String getUserName() {
		return userName;
	}
	public void setUserName(String userName) {
		this.userName = userName;
	}
	public String getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(String age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
}

注意：该类上面增加了一个注解“@XmlRootElement”，在将该类转化成XML时，说明这个是XML的根节点。

3.在“com.waylau.rest.resources”中，增加资源“UserResource“，代码如下：

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1. package com.waylau.rest.resources;  
2.   
3. import java.util.ArrayList;  
4. import java.util.HashMap;  
5. import java.util.List;  
6. import java.util.Map;  
7.   
8. import javax.ws.rs.Path;  
9. import javax.ws.rs.Produces;  
10. import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;  
11. import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;  
12. import javax.ws.rs.DELETE;  
13. import javax.ws.rs.GET;  
14. import javax.ws.rs.POST;  
15. import javax.ws.rs.PUT;  
16.   
17. import com.waylau.rest.bean.User;  
18.   
19. @Path("/users")  
20. public class UserResource {  
21.     private static Map<String,User> userMap = new HashMap<String,User>();//存储用户  
22.      /** 
23.      * 查询所有 
24.      * @return 
25.      */  
26.     @GET  
27.     @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)  
28.     public List<User> getAllUsers(){       
29.         List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();  
30.         User u1 = new User("001","WayLau","26");  
31.         User u2 = new User("002","King","23");  
32.         User u3 = new User("003","Susan","21");  
33.           
34.         userMap.put(u1.getUserId(), u1);  
35.         userMap.put(u2.getUserId(), u2);  
36.         userMap.put(u3.getUserId(), u3);  
37.           
38.         users.addAll( userMap.values() );  
39.         return users;  
40.     }  
41.       
42.     @GET  
43.     @Path("/getUserXml")  
44.     @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_XML)  
45.     public User getUserXml() {  
46.      User user  = new User();  
47.      user.setAge("21");  
48.      user.setUserId("004");  
49.      user.setUserName("Amand");  
50.      return user;  
51.     }  
52.       
53.    
54.      
55. }  

其中MediaType.APPLICATION_XML 说明了是以XML形式输出

在浏览器输入http://localhost:8089/RestDemo/rest/users/getUserXml，输出单个对象

在浏览器输入 http://localhost:8089/RestDemo/rest/users  输出对象的集合

2、数据输出为JSON类型：

一、 总体说明

XML和JSON 是最为常用的数据交换格式。本例子演示如何将java对象，转成JSON输出。

二、流程

1.在上文项目中，

在“com.waylau.rest.resources.UserResource“中增加代码，代码如下：

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1. @GET    
2. @Path("/getUserJson")    
3. @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)    
4. public User getUserJson() {    
5.  User user  = new User();    
6.  user.setAge("27");    
7.  user.setUserId("005");    
8.  user.setUserName("Fmand");    
9.  return user;    
10. }   

    @GET  
    @Path("/getUserJson")  
    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)  
    public User getUserJson() {  
     User user  = new User();  
     user.setAge("27");  
     user.setUserId("005");  
     user.setUserName("Fmand");  
     return user;  
    } 

MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON 说明输出的是JSON格式

2,运行项目，浏览器输入http://localhost:8089/RestDemo/rest/users/getUserJson

期望获取到json的数据，此时，项目报错

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1. org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.MessageBodyProviderNotFoundException: MessageBodyWriter not found for media type=application/json, type=class com.waylau.rest.bean.User, genericType=class com.waylau.rest.bean.User.  
2.     at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor$TerminalWriterInterceptor.aroundWriteTo(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:247)  
3.     at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor.proceed(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:162)  
4.     at org.glassfish.jersey.filter.LoggingFilter.aroundWriteTo(LoggingFilter.java:293)  
5.     at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor.proceed(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:162)  
6.     at org.glassfish.jersey.server.internal.JsonWithPaddingInterceptor.aroundWriteTo(JsonWithPaddingInterceptor.java:103)  
7.     at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor.proceed(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:162)  
8.     at org.glassfish.jersey.server.internal.MappableExceptionWrapperInterceptor.aroundWriteTo(MappableExceptionWrapperInterceptor.java:88)  
9.     at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor.proceed(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:162)  
10.     at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.MessageBodyFactory.writeTo(MessageBodyFactory.java:1154)  
11.     at org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$Responder.writeResponse(ServerRuntime.java:571)  
12.     at org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$Responder.processResponse(ServerRuntime.java:378)  
13.     at org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$Responder.process(ServerRuntime.java:368)  
14.     at org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$1.run(ServerRuntime.java:262)  

org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.MessageBodyProviderNotFoundException: MessageBodyWriter not found for media type=application/json, type=class com.waylau.rest.bean.User, genericType=class com.waylau.rest.bean.User.
	at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor$TerminalWriterInterceptor.aroundWriteTo(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:247)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor.proceed(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:162)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.filter.LoggingFilter.aroundWriteTo(LoggingFilter.java:293)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor.proceed(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:162)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.server.internal.JsonWithPaddingInterceptor.aroundWriteTo(JsonWithPaddingInterceptor.java:103)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor.proceed(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:162)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.server.internal.MappableExceptionWrapperInterceptor.aroundWriteTo(MappableExceptionWrapperInterceptor.java:88)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.WriterInterceptorExecutor.proceed(WriterInterceptorExecutor.java:162)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.message.internal.MessageBodyFactory.writeTo(MessageBodyFactory.java:1154)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$Responder.writeResponse(ServerRuntime.java:571)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$Responder.processResponse(ServerRuntime.java:378)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$Responder.process(ServerRuntime.java:368)
	at org.glassfish.jersey.server.ServerRuntime$1.run(ServerRuntime.java:262)

此时，需要获取json转换包的支持 。

可以由多种方式实现：MOXy、JSON-P、Jackson、Jettison等，本例为Jackson。

3. jackson-all-1.9.11.jar 下载地址http://wiki.fasterxml.com/JacksonDownload

4. 项目中引入jackson-all-1.9.11.jar

5.在“com.waylau.rest”目录下创建RestApplication.java

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1. package com.waylau.rest;  
2.   
3. import org.codehaus.jackson.jaxrs.JacksonJsonProvider;  
4. import org.glassfish.jersey.filter.LoggingFilter;  
5. import org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig;  
6.    
7. /** 
8.  * 应用 
9.  * @author waylau.com 
10.  * 2014-3-18 
11.  */  
12. public class RestApplication extends ResourceConfig {  
13.     public RestApplication() {  
14.    
15.      //服务类所在的包路径  
16.      packages("com.waylau.rest.resources");  
17.      //注册JSON转换器  
18.      register(JacksonJsonProvider.class);  
19.    
20.     }  
21. }  

package com.waylau.rest;

import org.codehaus.jackson.jaxrs.JacksonJsonProvider;
import org.glassfish.jersey.filter.LoggingFilter;
import org.glassfish.jersey.server.ResourceConfig;
 
/**
 * 应用
 * @author waylau.com
 * 2014-3-18
 */
public class RestApplication extends ResourceConfig {
    public RestApplication() {
 
     //服务类所在的包路径
     packages("com.waylau.rest.resources");
     //注册JSON转换器
     register(JacksonJsonProvider.class);
 
    }
}

6.修改web.xml，初始化从RestApplicaton进入应用，如下：

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1. <servlet>    
2.      <servlet-name>Way REST Service</servlet-name>  
3.      <servlet-class>org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer</servlet-class>  
4.       <init-param>  
5.            <param-name>javax.ws.rs.Application</param-name>  
6.            <param-value>com.waylau.rest.RestApplication</param-value>  
7.        </init-param>  
8.        
9.     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
10.   </servlet>  
11.     
12.   <servlet-mapping>  
13.     <servlet-name>Way REST Service</servlet-name>  
14.     <url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern>  
15.   </servlet-mapping>  

<servlet>  
     <servlet-name>Way REST Service</servlet-name>
	 <servlet-class>org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer</servlet-class>
	  <init-param>
	       <param-name>javax.ws.rs.Application</param-name>
	       <param-value>com.waylau.rest.RestApplication</param-value>
	   </init-param>
	 
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Way REST Service</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

7.运行项目，再次访问http://localhost:8089/RestDemo/rest/users/getUserJson
即可输出JSON文本