Simple hacks for life with Parkinson's(帕金森病人的简单生活)

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In India, we have these huge families.
在印度，我们有这样巨大的家庭。

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I bet a lot of you all must have heard about it.
我打赌你们所有人一定听说过它。

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Which means that there are a lot of family events.
这就意味着有大量的家庭活动。

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So as a child, my parents used to drag me to these family events.
所以，作为孩子，我的父母过去常常带我去家庭活动。

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But the one thing that I always looked forward to
但是，有一件我非常期待的

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was playing around with my cousins.
是和我的堂兄妹一起玩。

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And there was always this one uncle
并且，我的这个叔叔

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who used to be there,
常常就在那

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always ready, jumping around with us,
经常准备好，在我们周围跳，

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having games for us,
和我们一起玩游戏，

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making us kids have the time of our lives.
让我们孩子在生活中有自己的时间。

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This man was extremely successful:
这个人非常的成功：

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he was confident and powerful.
他很自信和强大。

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But then I saw this hale and hearty person deteriorate in health.
但是我看到这个健壮的人的健康在恶化。

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He was diagnosed with Parkinson's.
他被诊断出患有帕金森症。

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Parkinson's is a disease that causes degeneration of the nervous system,
帕金森这种疾病导致神经系统退化，

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which means that this person who used to be independent
这就意味着这位曾今很独立的人

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suddenly finds tasks like drinking coffee, because of tremors, much more difficult.
突然发现像喝咖啡这种事，因为颤抖，都变的很困难。

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My uncle started using a walker to walk,
我的叔叔开始使用助行器帮助行走，

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and to take a turn,
在转圈，

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he literally had to take one step at a time, like this,
他真的要一步一个脚印，像这样，

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and it took forever.
到永远。

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So this person, who used to be the center of attention
这个人，过去是人们焦点的中心

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in every family gathering,
在家庭聚会的时候

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was suddenly hiding behind people.
被突然藏到人们的背后。

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He was hiding from the pitiful look in people's eyes.
他从人们可怜的目光中隐藏掉。

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And he's not the only one in the world.
并且他不是世界上唯一的一位。

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Every year, 60,000 people are newly diagnosed with Parkinson's,
每年，有六万人被新诊断为帕金森症患者，

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and this number is only rising.
并且这个数字仅仅是在上涨。

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As designers, we dream that our designs solve these multifaceted problems,
作为设计师，我们梦想我们的世界能够解决多层面的问题，

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one solution that solves it all,
一个解决方案去解决所有的问题，

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but it need not always be like that.
但是它需要的通常不是这样。

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You can also target simple problems
你也可以把简单的问题当作目标

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and create small solutions for them and eventually make a big impact.
创造一个小岛饿解决方案并且最终造成一个很大的影响。

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So my aim here was to not cure Parkinson's,
所以，我的目标不是治愈帕金森症，

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but to make their everyday tasks much more simple,
而是让他们生活中的小事情变的简单一点，

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and then make an impact.
对他们的生活产生一个好的影响。

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Well, the first thing I targeted was tremors, right?
所以，我的第一个目标就是颤抖，对吗？

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My uncle told me that he had stopped drinking coffee or tea in public
我的叔叔告诉我他已经不再在公共场合和咖啡或茶

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just out of embarrassment,
仅仅是为了避免那种尴尬，

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so, well, I designed the no-spill cup.
所以，我设计了这款不会溢出的杯子。

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It works just purely on its form.
它工作紧紧是靠它的样子。

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The curve on top deflects the liquid back inside every time they have tremors,
顶部的弯曲使得在每次颤抖时让液体转向流回到杯子里边，

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and this keeps the liquid inside compared to a normal cup.
与普通杯子比较的话可以保持液体在杯子里面。

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But the key here is that it is not tagged as a Parkinson's patient product.
但是问题的关键是这并不是一种帕金森病人指定的产品。

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It looks like a cup that could be used by you, me, any clumsy person,
它看起来像一个茶杯可以被你，我，以及所有笨拙的人使用，

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and that makes it much more comforting for them to use, to blend in.
这让它很舒适的被他们使用。

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So, well, one problem solved,
所以，一个问题解决了，

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many more to go.
还有很多需要解决。

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All this while, I was interviewing him,
与此同时，我开始采访他，

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questioning him,
问他问题，

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and then I realized that I was getting very superficial information,
然后我意识到，我获得的信息非常肤浅，

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or just answers to my questions.
或者说知识回答了我的问题。

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But I really needed to dig deeper to get a new perspective.
但是我真的需要深入一个新的视角／观点。

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So I thought, well, let's observe him in his daily tasks,
所以我想，好吧，让我们观察他的日常生活，

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while he's eating, while he's watching TV.
比如他吃饭的时候，他看电视的时候。

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And then, when I was actually observing him walking to his dining table,
然而，当我观察他走到餐桌的时候，

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it struck me, this man who finds it so difficult to walk on flat land,
它打击到我，我发现他在平地上走如此困难，

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how does he climb a staircase?
他是怎么爬楼梯的呢？

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Because in India we do not have a fancy rail that takes you up a staircase
因为在印度，我们没有花哨的扶手帮助爬楼梯

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like in the developed countries.
像发达国家那样的扶手。

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One actually has to climb the stairs.
事实上不得不爬楼梯。

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So he told me,
所以他告诉我，

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"Well, let me show you how I do it."
让我给你演示，我是怎么做的。

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Let's take a look at what I saw.
让我们看一下我所看到的。

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So he took really long to reach this position,
他花了很长时间去到达他爬楼梯的位置，

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and then all this while, I'm thinking,
这个都准备好之后，我在想，

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"Oh my God, is he really going to do it?
哦，上帝啊，他真的要做吗？

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Is he really, really going to do it without his walker?"
他真的不需要他的走路辅助器去做吗？

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And then ...
然后。。。

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(Laughter)
笑声

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And the turns, he took them so easily.
包括转弯，他做的都很容易。

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So -- shocked?
这是多么震撼啊？

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Well, I was too.
我也是。

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So this person who could not walk on flat land
这个人不能在平地上走

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was suddenly a pro at climbing stairs.
在爬楼梯上却很让人称赞。

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On researching this, I realized that it's because it's a continuous motion.
研究这个的时候，我意识到，它是一个连续的动作。

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There's this other man who also suffers from the same symptoms
这里有其他人也遭受同样的症状

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and uses a walker,
并且使用一个辅助器，

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but the moment he's put on a cycle,
但是在他转圈的一刻

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all his symptoms vanish,
所有的症状消失了，

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because it is a continuous motion.
一位他是一个连续的动作。

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So the key for me was to translate this feeling of walking on a staircase
所以，问题的关键是传递这种爬楼梯的感觉

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back to flat land.
到平地上。

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And a lot of ideas were tested and tried on him,
并且有许多想法在他身上测试，

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but the one that finally worked was this one. Let's take a look.
但是有一个最终工作的就是这个，让我门看一下。

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(Laughter)
笑声

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(Applause)
掌声

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He walked faster, right?
他走的很快，对吧？

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(Applause)
掌声

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I call this the staircase illusion,
我称之为楼梯错觉，

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and actually when the staircase illusion abruptly ended, he froze,
事实上，当这种错觉突然结束时，他愣住了，

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and this is called freezing of gait.
这就叫做冻结的步态。

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So it happens a lot,
所以它经常发生，

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so why not have a staircase illusion flowing through all their rooms,
为什么没有一个楼梯错觉穿过他们所以房间呢，

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making them feel much more confident?
让他们觉得更自信？

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You know, technology is not always it.
你知道，技术不总是有帮助的。

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What we need are human-centered solutions.
我们需要以人为本的解决方案。

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I could have easily made it into a projection,
我可以轻易的做出一个投影，

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or a Google Glass, or something like that.
或者是谷歌眼镜，或者其它像这样的东西。

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But I stuck to simple print on the floor.
但是我坚持简单的打印在地板上。

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This print could be taken into hospitals
这个打印可以带进医院

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to make them feel much more welcome.
让他们觉得更受欢迎。

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What I wish to do is make every Parkinson's patient
我想要做的是让每一位帕金森症患者

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feel like my uncle felt that day.
能够感觉到那天我叔叔感觉到的。

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He told me that I made him feel like his old self again.
他告诉我，我让他又感觉到他过去的自己

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"Smart" in today's world has become synonymous to high tech,
“智能”在今天的世界里已经变成高科技的同义词，

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and the world is only getting smarter and smarter day by day.
并且世界在变的越来越智能。

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But why can't smart be something that's simple and yet effective?
但是，智能为什么不能是即简单又有效的东西呢？

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All we need is a little bit of empathy and some curiosity,
我们所需要的是一点点执着和好奇，

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to go out there, observe.
去观察。

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But let's not stop at that.
但我们不要停止。

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Let's find these complex problems. Don't be scared of them.
让我们发现这些复杂的问题，不要害怕它们。

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Break them, boil them down into much smaller problems,
打破它们，把它们拆分成更小的问题，

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and then find simple solutions for them.
然后为它们找到简单的解决方案。

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Test these solutions, fail if needed,
测试这些解决方案，也许会失败，

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but with newer insights to make it better.
但是，新的观察理解会让它更好。

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Imagine what we all could do if we all came up with simple solutions.
想象一下，我们都可以做，如果我们都提出了一些简单的解决方案。

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What would the world be like if we combined all our simple solutions?
想象世界会变成什么样，如果我们去组合我们简单的解决方案？

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Let's make a smarter world, but with simplicity.
让我们保持朴素的同时创造出一个智能的世界。

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Thank you.
谢谢

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(Applause)
掌声