项目视频界面横屏返回竖屏，oncreate执行2次

背景介绍：

在编写android小应用的时候，碰到了这样的一个问题：当推开手机的实体键盘时，屏幕由竖屏转换为横屏，此时应用程序的显示界面(Activity)就会被销毁了，这个让人比较郁闷。

如何才能让这个activity不被销毁呢？

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资料查询：

在android开发网上有这么几段话：

If the configuration of the device (as defined by the Resources.Configuration class) changes, then anything displaying a user interface will need to update to match that configuration. Because Activity is the primary mechanism for interacting with the user, it includes special support for handling configuration changes.

Unless you specify otherwise, a configuration change (such as a change in screen orientation, language, input devices, etc) will cause your current activity to bedestroyed, going through the normal activity lifecycle process of onPause(), onStop(), and onDestroy() as appropriate. If the activity had been in the foreground or visible to the user, once onDestroy() is called in that instance then a new instance of the activity will be created, with whatever savedInstanceState the previous instance had generated from onSaveInstanceState(Bundle).

In some special cases, you may want to bypass restarting of your activity based on one or more types of configuration changes. This is done with theandroid:configChanges attribute in its manifest. For any types of configuration changes you say that you handle there, you will receive a call to your current activity'sonConfigurationChanged(Configuration) method instead of being restarted. If a configuration change involves any that you do not handle, however, the activity will still be restarted and onConfigurationChanged(Configuration) will not be called.

To declare that your Activity handles a configuration change, edit the appropriate <activity> element in your manifest file to include the android:configChanges attribute with a string value that represents the configuration that you want to handle. Possible values are listed in the documentation for the android:configChanges attribute (the most commonly used values are orientation to handle when the screen orientation changes and keyboardHidden to handle when the keyboard availability changes). You can declare multiple configuration values in the attribute by separating them with a pipe character ("|").

For example, the following manifest snippet declares an Activity that handles both the screen orientation change and keyboard availability change:

<activity android:name=".MyActivity"
          android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"
          android:label="@string/app_name">

Now when one of these configurations change, MyActivity is not restarted. Instead, the Activity receives a call to onConfigurationChanged(). This method is passed aConfiguration object that specifies the new device configuration. By reading fields in the Configuration, you can determine the new configuration and make appropriate changes by updating the resources used in your interface. At the time this method is called, your Activity's Resources object is updated to return resources based on the new configuration, so you can easily reset elements of your UI without the system restarting your Activity.

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刚接触launcher的人，如果对屏幕横竖切换不是很了解的话，经常会发现launcher的oncreate等一些生命周期的方法会被执行两次。这是因为android默认是坚屏的，如果运行在机顶盒上会切换到横屏来，导致生命周期的重新执行。
 
首先看下android:configChanges这个属性
 
“mcc“ 移动国家号码，由三位数字组成，每个国家都有自己独立的MCC，可以识别手机用户所属国家。
“mnc“ 移动网号，在一个国家或者地区中，用于区分手机用户的服务商。
“locale“ 所在地区发生变化。
“touchscreen“ 触摸屏已经改变。
“keyboard“ 键盘模式发生变化，例如：用户接入外部键盘输入。
“keyboardHidden“ 用户打开手机硬件键盘
“navigation“ 导航型发生了变化。
“orientation“ 设备旋转，横向显示和竖向显示模式切换。
“fontScale“ 全局字体大小缩放发生改变
 
 "uiMode", 用户的模式发生了变化.
 
 
 
另外有三点需要注意的：
 
1、不设置Activity的android:configChanges时，切屏会重新调用各个生命周期，切横屏时会执行一次，切竖屏时会执行两次
 
2、设置Activity的android:configChanges="orientation"时，切屏还是会重新调用各个生命周期，切横、竖屏时只会执行一次
 
3、设置Activity的android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"时，切屏不会重新调用各个生命周期，只会执行onConfigurationChanged方法。但是，自从Android 3.2（API 13），在设置Activity的android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"后，还是一样会重新调用各个生命周期的。因为screen size也开始跟着设备的横竖切换而改变。所以，在AndroidManifest.xml里设置的MiniSdkVersion和 TargetSdkVersion属性大于等于13的情况下，如果你想阻止程序在运行时重新加载Activity，除了设置"orientation"，你还必须设置"ScreenSize"。
 
 再来看看android:screenOrientation属性
 
"unspecified"
- 默认值. 由系统选择显示方向. 在不同的设备可能会有所不同.
 
"landscape"
- 橫向
 
"portrait"
- 纵向
 
"user"
- 用戶当前的首选方向
 
"behind"
- 与在活动堆栈下的活动相同方向
 
"sensor"
- 根据物理方向传感器确定方向. 取决于用戶手持的方向, 当用戶转动设备, 它跟隨改变.
 
"nosensor"
- 不经物理方向传感器確定方向. 该传感器被忽略, 所以当用戶转动设备, 显示不會跟隨改变. 除了这个区别，系統选择使用相同的政策取向对于“未指定”设置. 系統根据“未指定”("unspecified")设定选择相同显示方向.
 
因此解决launcher  oncreate方法执行两次的问题的方法是：
 
增加属性：android:screenOrientation="landscape"
 
增加属性：android:configChanges="keyboard|keyboardHidden|orientation|touchsc

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项目中 MediaPlayerUI 在manifest.xml文件中 直接填上configChanges="keyboard|orientation|riScreenSize"