iOS中 扫描二维码/生成二维码详解

最近大家总是问我有没有关于二维码的demo,为了满足大家的需求,特此研究了一番,希望能帮到大家!

指示根视图:

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1	self.window.rootViewController = [[UINavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:[SecondViewController new ]];

 

生成二维码:

 

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//  Created by 韩俊强 on 15/11/27. //  Copyright (c) 2015年 韩俊强. All rights reserved. //   # import "SecondViewController.h"   @interface SecondViewController ()   @property (nonatomic, strong) UITextField *tfCode; @property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton *btnGenerate; @property (nonatomic, strong) UIImageView *imageView; @end   @implementation SecondViewController   - ( void )viewDidLoad {      [ super viewDidLoad];      CGSize windowSize = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size;            self.tfCode = [[UITextField alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake( 10 , 64 , windowSize.width- 100 , 40 )];      [self.view addSubview:self.tfCode];      self.tfCode.borderStyle = UITextBorderStyleRoundedRect;            self.btnGenerate = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(windowSize.width- 100 , 64 , 90 , 40 )];      [self.view addSubview:self.btnGenerate];      [self.btnGenerate addTarget:self action: @selector (actionGenerate) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];      self.btnGenerate.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];      [self.btnGenerate setTitle:@ "生成" forState:UIControlStateNormal];      [self.btnGenerate setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];            self.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake( 0 , 0 , 300 , 300 )];      [self.view addSubview:self.imageView];      self.imageView.center = CGPointMake(windowSize.width/ 2 , windowSize.height/ 2 );            self.tfCode.text = @ "http://www.baidu.com" ; } - ( void )actionGenerate {      NSString *text = self.tfCode.text;            NSData *stringData = [text dataUsingEncoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding];            //生成      CIFilter *qrFilter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@ "CIQRCodeGenerator" ];      [qrFilter setValue:stringData forKey:@ "inputMessage" ];      [qrFilter setValue:@ "M" forKey:@ "inputCorrectionLevel" ];            UIColor *onColor = [UIColor blackColor];      UIColor *offColor = [UIColor whiteColor];            //上色      CIFilter *colorFilter = [CIFilter filterWithName:@ "CIFalseColor" keysAndValues:@ "inputImage" ,qrFilter.outputImage,@ "inputColor0" ,[CIColor colorWithCGColor:onColor.CGColor],@ "inputColor1" ,[CIColor colorWithCGColor:offColor.CGColor],nil];            CIImage *qrImage = colorFilter.outputImage;            //绘制      CGSize size = CGSizeMake( 300 , 300 );      CGImageRef cgImage = [[CIContext contextWithOptions:nil] createCGImage:qrImage fromRect:qrImage.extent];      UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(size);      CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();      CGContextSetInterpolationQuality(context, kCGInterpolationNone);      CGContextScaleCTM(context, 1.0 , - 1.0 );      CGContextDrawImage(context, CGContextGetClipBoundingBox(context), cgImage);      UIImage *codeImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();      UIGraphicsEndImageContext();            CGImageRelease(cgImage);            self.imageView.image = codeImage; }

扫描二维码:

 

 

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//  Created by 韩俊强 on 15/11/27. //  Copyright (c) 2015年 韩俊强. All rights reserved. //   # import "RootViewController.h" # import   @interface RootViewController ()   @property (nonatomic, strong) UIView *scanRectView; // 硬件设备 @property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureDevice            *device; //输入设备 @property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureDeviceInput       *input; //输出设备 @property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureMetadataOutput    *output; //桥梁.连接输入和输出设备, @property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureSession           *session; @property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer *preview;   @end   @implementation RootViewController   - ( void )viewDidLoad {      [ super viewDidLoad];      CGSize windowSize = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size;            CGSize scanSize = CGSizeMake(windowSize.width* 3 / 4 , windowSize.width* 3 / 4 );      CGRect scanRect = CGRectMake((windowSize.width-scanSize.width)/ 2 , (windowSize.height-scanSize.height)/ 2 , scanSize.width, scanSize.height);            scanRect = CGRectMake(scanRect.origin.y/windowSize.height, scanRect.origin.x/windowSize.width, scanRect.size.height/windowSize.height,scanRect.size.width/windowSize.width);            self.device = [AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];            self.input = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:self.device error:nil];            self.output = [[AVCaptureMetadataOutput alloc]init];      [self.output setMetadataObjectsDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];            self.session = [[AVCaptureSession alloc]init];      [self.session setSessionPreset:([UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height< 500 )?AVCaptureSessionPreset640x480:AVCaptureSessionPresetHigh];      [self.session addInput:self.input];      [self.session addOutput:self.output];      self.output.metadataObjectTypes=@[AVMetadataObjectTypeQRCode];      self.output.rectOfInterest = scanRect;            self.preview = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer layerWithSession:self.session];      self.preview.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;      self.preview.frame = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds;      [self.view.layer insertSublayer:self.preview atIndex: 0 ];            self.scanRectView = [UIView new ];      [self.view addSubview:self.scanRectView];      self.scanRectView.frame = CGRectMake( 0 , 0 , scanSize.width, scanSize.height);      self.scanRectView.center = CGPointMake(CGRectGetMidX([UIScreen mainScreen].bounds), CGRectGetMidY([UIScreen mainScreen].bounds));      self.scanRectView.layer.borderColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor;      self.scanRectView.layer.borderWidth = 1 ;                  //开始捕获      [self.session startRunning];       }     - ( void )captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)captureOutput didOutputMetadataObjects:(NSArray *)metadataObjects fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection {      if ( (metadataObjects.count== 0 ) )      {          return ;      }            if (metadataObjects.count> 0 ) {                    [self.session stopRunning];                    AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject *metadataObject = metadataObjects.firstObject;          //输出扫描字符串                    UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:metadataObject.stringValue message:@ "" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@ "ok" otherButtonTitles: nil];                    [alert show];      } }   - ( void )alertView:(UIAlertView *)alertView willDismissWithButtonIndex:(NSInteger)buttonIndex {      [self.session startRunning]; }</avcapturemetadataoutputobjectsdelegate,uialertviewdelegate></avfoundation>

 

最终效果:(由于扫描二维码无法展示效果,所以自己动手真机测试吧!)

 

IOS7之前，开发者进行扫码编程时，一般会借助第三方库。常用的是ZBarSDK，IOS7之后，系统的AVMetadataObject类中，为我们提供了解析二维码的接口。经过测试，使用原生API扫描和处理的效率非常高，远远高于第三方库。

 

一、使用方法示例

 

官方提供的接口非常简单，代码如下：

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@interface ViewController () //用于处理采集信息的代理 { AVCaptureSession * session; //输入输出的中间桥梁 } @end @implementation ViewController   - ( void )viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. //获取摄像设备 AVCaptureDevice * device = [AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo]; //创建输入流 AVCaptureDeviceInput * input = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:device error:nil]; //创建输出流 AVCaptureMetadataOutput * output = [[AVCaptureMetadataOutput alloc]init]; //设置代理 在主线程里刷新 [output setMetadataObjectsDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];   //初始化链接对象 session = [[AVCaptureSession alloc]init]; //高质量采集率 [session setSessionPreset:AVCaptureSessionPresetHigh];   [session addInput:input]; [session addOutput:output]; //设置扫码支持的编码格式(如下设置条形码和二维码兼容) output.metadataObjectTypes=@[AVMetadataObjectTypeQRCode,AVMetadataObjectTypeEAN13Code, AVMetadataObjectTypeEAN8Code, AVMetadataObjectTypeCode128Code];   AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer * layer = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer layerWithSession:session]; layer.videoGravity=AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill; layer.frame=self.view.layer.bounds; [self.view.layer insertSublayer:layer atIndex:0]; //开始捕获 [session startRunning]; }

之后我们的UI上已经可以看到摄像头捕获的内容，只要实现代理中的方法，就可以完成二维码条形码的扫描：

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-( void )captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)captureOutput didOutputMetadataObjects:(NSArray *)metadataObjects fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection{ if (metadataObjects.count>0) { //[session stopRunning]; AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject * metadataObject = [metadataObjects objectAtIndex : 0 ]; //输出扫描字符串 NSLog(@ "%@" ,metadataObject.stringValue); } }

二、一些优化

通过上面的代码测试，我们可以发现系统的解析处理效率是相当的高，IOS官方提供的API也确实非常强大，然而，我们可以做进一步的优化，将效率更加提高：

首先，AVCaptureMetadataOutput类中有一个这样的属性(在IOS7.0之后可用)：

@property(nonatomic) CGRect rectOfInterest;

这个属性大致意思就是告诉系统它需要注意的区域，大部分APP的扫码UI中都会有一个框，提醒你将条形码放入那个区域，这个属性的作用就在这里，它可以设置一个范围，只处理在这个范围内捕获到的图像的信息。如此一来，可想而知，我们代码的效率又会得到很大的提高，在使用这个属性的时候。需要几点注意：

1、这个CGRect参数和普通的Rect范围不太一样，它的四个值的范围都是0-1，表示比例。

2、经过测试发现，这个参数里面的x对应的恰恰是距离左上角的垂直距离，y对应的是距离左上角的水平距离。

3、宽度和高度设置的情况也是类似。

3、举个例子如果我们想让扫描的处理区域是屏幕的下半部分，我们这样设置

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1	output.rectOfInterest=CGRectMake(0.5,0,0.5, 1);

具体apple为什么要设计成这样，或者是这个参数我的用法那里不对，还需要了解的朋友给个指导。

转自：http://www.2cto.com/kf/201601/456033.html

另外有一个支持64为编译的二维码生成库下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/download/u011148716/8315981

如果只是生成的話，see
https://github.com/moky/slanissue-ios/blob/master/uikit_ext/S9QRCodeImage.h


用法：

    UIImage *qrImage = [UIImage imageWithQRCode:@"你的文字" size:256];