MySQL 多实例部署指的是在同一台服务器上同时运行多个独立的 MySQL 实例，每个实例有自己的配置、数据目录和端口。这种部署方式通常用于在单个物理服务器上托管多个数据库，提高资源利用率，降低成本，并且可以隔离不同应用或服务的数据。
MySQL 多实例部署可以提供灵活性、资源隔离和独立性，但需要注意管理和维护的复杂性。在设计和部署时，需要考虑服务器资源、访问控制、备份策略等因素，以确保整体系统的稳定性和安全性
// 时间同步
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl restart chronyd
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl enable chronyd
[root@mysql ~]# hwclock -w
[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install tar lrzsz libncurses* libaio
//略...
//解压mysql安装包
[root@mysql ~]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@mysql ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@mysql ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
//创建软链接
[root@mysql ~]# cd /usr/local/
[root@mysql local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
'mysql' -> 'mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/'
[root@mysql local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 11 09:52 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 36 Aug 2 16:42 mysql -> mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 129 Aug 2 16:41 mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 11 09:52 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 src
[root@mysql local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql //修改所有者和属组
[root@mysql local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 17 Jul 11 09:52 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 36 Aug 2 16:42 mysql -> mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 129 Aug 2 16:41 mysql-5.7.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 Jul 11 09:52 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 May 16 2022 src
//添加环境变量
[root@mysql ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@mysql bin]# ls
innochecksum mysql_config_editor mysqlshow
lz4_decompress mysqld mysqlslap
myisamchk mysqld-debug mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
myisam_ftdump mysqld_multi mysqltest_embedded
myisamlog mysqld_safe mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
myisampack mysqldump mysql_upgrade
my_print_defaults mysqldumpslow mysqlxtest
mysql mysql_embedded perror
mysqladmin mysqlimport replace
mysqlbinlog mysql_install_db resolveip
mysqlcheck mysql_plugin resolve_stack_dump
mysql_client_test_embedded mysqlpump zlib_decompress
mysql_config mysql_secure_installation
[root@mysql bin]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@mysql bin]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh //写入环境变量
[root@mysql bin]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh //启动脚本
//初始化各个实例
[root@mysql bin]# cd
[root@mysql ~]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@mysql ~]# cd /opt/data
[root@mysql data]# mkdir 3306 3307 3308
[root@mysql data]# ls
3306 3307 3308
[root@mysql data]# p
[root@mysql data]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@mysql data]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 2 16:46 3306
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 2 16:46 3307
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 Aug 2 16:46 3308
[root@mysql data]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --user=mysql
2024-08-02T08:47:53.607994Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2024-08-02T08:47:53.794917Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2024-08-02T08:47:53.811220Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2024-08-02T08:47:53.867899Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e84bb09c-50ab-11ef-8710-000c291ce205.
2024-08-02T08:47:53.868865Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2024-08-02T08:47:54.411900Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-02T08:47:54.412069Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
2024-08-02T08:47:54.412381Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-08-02T08:47:54.476903Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ers#yHGr9e?D //初始化的密码，创建一个文件进行保存
[root@mysql data]# vim 3306_password
[root@mysql data]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3307 --user=mysql
[root@mysql data]# vim 3307_password
[root@mysql data]# mysqld --initialize --datadir=/opt/data/3308 --user=mysql
[root@mysql data]# vim 3308_password
[root@mysql data]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql data]# mysqld_multi start 3306 //启动实例
[root@mysql data]# mysqld_multi start 3307
[root@mysql data]# mysqld_multi start 3308
[root@mysql data]# ss -anlt //查看端口
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 5 127.0.0.1:25151 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 5 0.0.0.0:873 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 5 [::]:873 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 511 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 511 *:443 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3308 *:*
//修改密码
[root@mysql data]# cat 3306_password
ers#yHGr9e?D
[root@mysql data]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root@mysql data]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('redhat');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql data]# cat 3307_password
AQo,8M?Ls)Kr
[root@mysql data]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('redhat');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql data]# cat 3308_password
IioLwl7dr!Eb
[root@mysql data]# mysql -uroot -p -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.37
Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> set password = password('redhat');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
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