c++贪吃蛇源码

矢鱼

于 2024-10-09 22:57:39 发布

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文章标签： c++ 算法 c

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2302_80700357/article/details/142798645

版权

标头

#pragma once
#include<windows.h>
#include<iostream>
#include<time.h>
#define WALL L'□' 
#define POS_X 24
#define POS_Y 5
#define WALL L'□'
#define BODY L'●'
#define FOOD L'★'
using namespace std;
//类型的声明
enum DIRECTION
{
	UP=1,
	DOWN,
	LEFT,
	RIGHT
};

//定位光标位置
void SetPos(short x, short y);

//蛇身的节点类型
typedef struct SnakeNode
{
	//坐标
	int x, y;
	//指向下一个节点的指针
	struct SnakeNode* next;
}SnakeNode,*pSnakeNode;

//蛇的状态
enum GAME_STATUS
{
	OK,//正常
	KILL_BY_WALL,//撞墙死
	KILL_BY_SELF,//
	END_NORMAL
};

//贪吃蛇
typedef struct Snake
{
	pSnakeNode _pSnake;//指向蛇头的指针
	pSnakeNode _pFood;//指向食物节点的指针
	enum DIRECTION _dir;//蛇的方向
	enum GAME_STATUS _status;//蛇的状态
	int _food_weight;//一个食物的分数
	int _score;//总成绩
	int _sleep_time;
}Snake,*pSnake;

 
//函数的声明

//游戏的初始化
void GameStart(pSnake ps);

//欢迎界面的打印
void WelcomeToGame();

//创建地图
void CreatMap();

//创建蛇
void InitSnake(pSnake ps);

//创建食物
void CreateFood(pSnake ps);

//游戏运行的逻辑
void GameRun(pSnake ps);

void PrintHelpInfo();

//蛇的移动-走一步
void SnakeMove(pSnake ps);

//判断下一个坐标是否是食物
int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);

//下一个位置是食物，就吃掉食物
void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);

//下一个位置不是食物
void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);

//检测蛇是否撞墙
void KillByWall(pSnake ps);

//检测蛇是否撞到自己
void KillBySelf(pSnake ps);

//游戏善后的工作
void GameEnd(pSnake ps);

源代码

#include<iostream>
#include<locale.h>
#include<string>
#include "标头.h"
using namespace std;
//完成的是游戏的测试逻辑
void test()
{
	int ch = 0;
	do
	{
		system("cls");
		//创建贪吃蛇
		Snake snake = { 0 };
		//初始化游戏
		//1. 打印环境界面
		//2. 功能介绍
		//3. 绘制地图
		//4. 创建蛇
		//5. 创建食物
		//6. 设置游戏的相关信息
		GameStart(&snake);

		//运行游戏
		GameRun(&snake);
		//结束游戏 - 善后工作
		GameEnd(&snake);
		SetPos(20, 15);
		printf("再来一局吗?(Y/N):");
		ch = getchar();
		while (getchar() != '\n');

	} while (ch == 'Y' || ch == 'y');
	SetPos(0, 27);
}

int main()
{
	//适配本地环境
	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
	srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)); 
	test();
	return 0;
}

函数体

#include "标头.h"


void SetPos(short x, short y)
{
	//句柄
	HANDLE houtput = NULL;
	houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);

	//定位光标的位置
	COORD pos = { x,y };
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(houtput, pos);
}

void WelcomeToGame()
{
	SetPos(40, 14);
	cout << "欢迎来到贪吃蛇小游戏" << endl;
	SetPos(42, 20);
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
	SetPos(40, 14);
	cout << "用↑.↓.←.→来控制蛇的移动，按F3加速，F4减速" << endl;
	SetPos(40, 15);
	cout << "加速能得到更高的分数" << endl;
	SetPos(42, 20);
	system("pause");
	system("cls");
}
void CreatMap()
{
	上
	//for (int i = 0; i < 29; i++)
	//	wcout << L'□';
	下
	//SetPos(0, 26);
	//for (int i = 0; i < 29; i++)
	//	wcout << L'□';
	左
	//for (int i = 1; i < 25; i++) 
	//{
	//	SetPos(0, i);
	//	wcout << L'□';
	//}
	右
	//for (int i = 1; i < 25; i++)
	//{
	//	SetPos(56, i);
	//	wcout << L'□';
	//}
		//上
	int i = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < 29; i++)
	{
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}

	//下
	SetPos(0, 26);
	for (i = 0; i < 29; i++)
	{
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}
	//左
	for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++)
	{
		SetPos(0, i);
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}

	//右
	for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++)
	{
		SetPos(56, i);
		wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);
	}

}

//创建蛇
void InitSnake(pSnake ps)
{
	int i = 0;
	pSnakeNode  cur=NULL;
	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
	{
		cur = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
		if (cur == NULL)
		{
			perror("InitSnake()::malloc()");
			return;
		}

		cur->next = NULL;
		cur->x = POS_X + 2 * i;
		cur->y = POS_Y;

		//头插法插入链表
		if (ps->_pSnake == NULL)
		{
			ps->_pSnake = cur;
		}
		else
		{
			cur->next = ps->_pSnake;
			ps->_pSnake = cur;
		}
	}
	cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur-> y);
		wcout << L"●";
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	//设置贪吃蛇的属性
	ps->_dir = RIGHT;//默认向右
	ps->_score = 0;
	ps->_food_weight = 10;
	ps->_sleep_time = 200;//单位是毫秒
	ps->_status = OK;
}

//创建食物
void CreateFood(pSnake ps)
{
	int x = 0;
	int y = 0;

again:
	do
	{
		x = rand() % 53 + 2;
		y = rand() % 25 + 1;
	} while (x % 2 != 0);

	//x和y的坐标不能和蛇的身体坐标冲突
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		if (x == cur->x && y == cur->y)
		{
			goto again;
		}
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	pSnakeNode pFood = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
	if (pFood == NULL)
	{
		perror("CreateFood()::malloc()");
		return;
	}
	pFood->x = x;
	pFood->y = y;
	pFood->next = NULL;

	SetPos(x, y);//定位位置
	wcout << L"★";
	ps->_pFood = pFood;
}


void GameStart(pSnake ps)
{
	//0.设置窗口的大小、光标隐藏
	system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");
	system("title 贪吃蛇");

	HANDLE houtput = NULL;
	houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	
	//光标的处理,获取和houtput句柄相关的控制台上的光标信息，存放在cursor_info中
	CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cursor_info = { 0 };
	GetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &cursor_info);

	//修改光标的占比
	cursor_info.bVisible = false;
	
	//设置和houtput句柄相关的控制台上的光标信息
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &cursor_info);

	//1.打印欢迎界面、功能介绍
	WelcomeToGame();
	//2.绘制地图
	CreatMap();
	//3.创建蛇
	InitSnake(ps);
	//4.创建食物
	CreateFood(ps);
}

void PrintHelpInfo()
{
	SetPos(64, 14);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"不能穿墙，不能咬到自己");
	SetPos(64, 15);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"用 ↑. ↓ . ← . → 来控制蛇的移动");
	SetPos(64, 16);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"按F3加速，F4减速");
	SetPos(64, 17);
	wprintf(L"%ls", L"按ESC退出游戏，按空格暂停游戏");
}

#define KEY_PRESS(vk)  ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk)&1)?1:0)

void Pause()
{
	while (true)
	{
		Sleep(200);
		if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
		{
			break;
		}
	}
}

int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	return (ps->_pFood->x == pn->x && ps->_pFood->y == pn->y);
}

void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	//头插法
	ps->_pFood->next = ps->_pSnake;
	ps->_pSnake = ps->_pFood;

	//释放下一个位置的节点
	free(pn);
	pn = NULL;

	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	//打印蛇
	while (cur)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}
	ps->_score += ps->_food_weight;

	//重新创建食物
	CreateFood(ps);
}

void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{
	//头插法
	pn->next = ps->_pSnake;
	ps->_pSnake = pn;

	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur->next->next != NULL)
	{
		SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);
		wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);
		cur = cur->next;
	}

	//把最后一个结点打印成空格
	SetPos(cur->next->x, cur->next->y);
	printf("  ");

	//释放最后一个结点
	free(cur->next);

	//把倒数第二个节点的地址置为NULL
	cur->next = NULL;
}


void KillByWall(pSnake ps)
{
	if (ps->_pSnake->x == 0 || ps->_pSnake->x == 56 ||
		ps->_pSnake->y == 0 || ps->_pSnake->y == 26)
	{
		ps->_status = KILL_BY_WALL;
	}
}

void KillBySelf(pSnake ps)
{
	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake->next;
	while (cur)
	{
		if (cur->x == ps->_pSnake->x && cur->y == ps->_pSnake->y)
		{
			ps->_status = KILL_BY_SELF;
			break;
		}
		cur = cur->next;
	}
}

void SnakeMove(pSnake ps)
{
	//创建一个结点，表示蛇即将到的下一个节点
	pSnakeNode pNextNode = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));
	if (pNextNode == NULL)
	{
		perror("SnakeMove()::malloc()");
		return;
	}

	switch (ps->_dir)
	{
	case UP:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y - 1;
		break;
	case DOWN:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y + 1;
		break;
	case LEFT:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x - 2;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
		break;
	case RIGHT:
		pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x + 2;
		pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;
		break;
	}

	//检测下一个坐标处是否是食物
	if (NextIsFood(pNextNode, ps))
	{
		EatFood(pNextNode, ps);
	}
	else
	{
		NoFood(pNextNode, ps);
	}

	//检测蛇是否撞墙
	KillByWall(ps);
	//检测蛇是否撞到自己
	KillBySelf(ps);
}


void GameRun(pSnake ps)
{
	//打印帮助信息
	PrintHelpInfo();
	do
	{
		//打印总分数和食物的分值
		SetPos(64, 10);
		printf("总分数:%d\n", ps->_score);
		SetPos(64, 11);
		printf("当前食物的分数:%2d\n", ps->_food_weight);

		if (KEY_PRESS(VK_UP) && ps->_dir != DOWN)
		{
			ps->_dir = UP;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_DOWN) && ps->_dir != UP)
		{
			ps->_dir = DOWN;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_LEFT) && ps->_dir != RIGHT)
		{
			ps->_dir = LEFT;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_RIGHT) && ps->_dir != LEFT)
		{
			ps->_dir = RIGHT;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE))
		{
			Pause();
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE))
		{
			//正常退出游戏
			ps->_status = END_NORMAL;
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F3))
		{
			//加速
			if (ps->_sleep_time > 80)
			{
				ps->_sleep_time -= 30;
				ps->_food_weight += 2;
			}
		}
		else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F4))
		{
			//减速
			if (ps->_food_weight > 2)
			{
				ps->_sleep_time += 30;
				ps->_food_weight -= 2;
			}
		}

		SnakeMove(ps);//蛇走一步的过程

		Sleep(ps->_sleep_time);

	} while (ps->_status == OK);
}

void GameEnd(pSnake ps)
{
	SetPos(24, 12);
	switch (ps->_status)
	{
	case END_NORMAL:
		wprintf(L"您主动结束游戏\n");
		break;
	case KILL_BY_WALL:
		wprintf(L"您撞到墙上，游戏结束\n");
		break;
	case KILL_BY_SELF:
		wprintf(L"您撞到了自己，游戏结束\n");
		break;
	}

	//释放蛇身的链表

	pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;
	while (cur)
	{
		pSnakeNode del = cur;
		cur = cur->next;
		free(del);
	}
}