本文档详细记录了在测试环境中，通过rpm方式将MySQL从5.7.42升级到8.2.0的过程，包括升级前的数据备份、环境检查、安装包上传与解压、升级执行、验证等关键步骤，确保升级过程的顺利进行。
注：本文在测试环境升级测试，建议先在测试环境验证。mysql-5.7.42为rpm安装，所以用rpm方式升级
1、升级准备
1、数据备份：在升级之前，务必对当前的 MySQL 5.7 数据库进行完整备份，以防止数据丢失或损坏。确保备份文件的安全存储，并测试其可恢复性。
2、安全性考虑：建议在测试环境中进行升级测试，以模拟真实场景并检测潜在问题。这有助于减少生产环境中的不确定性和风险。
1、使用mysql-shell 检查工具检查兼容性
下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/shell/
上传mysql-shell：
安装 mysql-shell rpm 软件包：：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#fafafa"><code class="language-sql">rpm <span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>Uvh mysql<span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>shell<span style="color:#a67f59">-</span><span style="color:#986801">8.2</span><span style="color:#986801">.0</span><span style="color:#a67f59">-</span><span style="color:#986801">1.</span>el7<span style="color:#999999">.</span>x86_64<span style="color:#999999">.</span>rpm <span style="color:#708090">--force --nodeps</span>
</code></span></span>查看 mysql-shel安装版本：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#fafafa"><code class="language-sql">mysqlsh <span style="color:#708090">--version</span>
</code></span></span>
检查该版本是否可以升级到MySQL 8.2.0：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#fafafa"><code class="language-sql">mysqlsh <span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>uroot <span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>p <span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>S <span style="color:#a67f59">/</span>var<span style="color:#a67f59">/</span>lib<span style="color:#a67f59">/</span>mysql<span style="color:#a67f59">/</span>mysql<span style="color:#999999">.</span>sock <span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>e <span style="color:#50a14f">"util.checkForServerUpgrade()"</span> <span style="color:#a67f59">></span> util<span style="color:#999999">.</span>checkForServerUpgrade<span style="color:#999999">.</span>log
</code></span></span>检查结果报告：
[root@zyl-server ~]# mysqlsh -uroot -p -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e "util.checkForServerUpgrade()"
Please provide the password for 'root@/var%2Flib%2Fmysql%2Fmysql.sock': ********（zyl@2024）
Save password for 'root@/var%2Flib%2Fmysql%2Fmysql.sock'? [Y]es/[N]o/Ne[v]er (default No): Y
The MySQL server at /var%2Flib%2Fmysql%2Fmysql.sock, version 5.7.42 - MySQL
Community Server (GPL), will now be checked for compatibility issues for
upgrade to MySQL 8.2.0...
1) Usage of old temporal type
No issues found
2) MySQL 8.0 syntax check for routine-like objects
No issues found
3) Usage of db objects with names conflicting with new reserved keywords
No issues found
4) Usage of utf8mb3 charset
No issues found
5) Table names in the mysql schema conflicting with new tables in 8.0
No issues found
6) Partitioned tables using engines with non native partitioning
No issues found
7) Foreign key constraint names longer than 64 characters
No issues found
8) Usage of obsolete MAXDB sql_mode flag
No issues found
9) Usage of obsolete sql_mode flags
Notice: The following DB objects have obsolete options persisted for
sql_mode, which will be cleared during upgrade to 8.0.
More information:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/mysql-nutshell.html#mysql-nutshell-removals
db_zyl.InsertMultipleUsers - PROCEDURE uses obsolete NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER
sql_mode
global system variable sql_mode - defined using obsolete NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER
option
10) ENUM/SET column definitions containing elements longer than 255 characters
No issues found
11) Usage of partitioned tables in shared tablespaces
No issues found
12) Circular directory references in tablespace data file paths
No issues found
13) Usage of removed functions
No issues found
14) Usage of removed GROUP BY ASC/DESC syntax
No issues found
15) Removed system variables for error logging to the system log configuration
To run this check requires full path to MySQL server configuration file to be specified at 'configPath' key of options dictionary
More information:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/8.0/en/news-8-0-13.html#mysqld-8-0-13-logging
16) Removed system variables
To run this check requires full path to MySQL server configuration file to be specified at 'configPath' key of options dictionary
More information:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/added-deprecated-removed.html#optvars-removed
17) System variables with new default values
To run this check requires full path to MySQL server configuration file to be specified at 'configPath' key of options dictionary
More information:
https://mysqlserverteam.com/new-defaults-in-mysql-8-0/
18) Zero Date, Datetime, and Timestamp values
No issues found
19) Schema inconsistencies resulting from file removal or corruption
No issues found
20) Tables recognized by InnoDB that belong to a different engine
No issues found
21) Issues reported by 'check table x for upgrade' command
No issues found
22) New default authentication plugin considerations
Warning: The new default authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' offers
more secure password hashing than previously used 'mysql_native_password'
(and consequent improved client connection authentication). However, it also
has compatibility implications that may affect existing MySQL installations.
If your MySQL installation must serve pre-8.0 clients and you encounter
compatibility issues after upgrading, the simplest way to address those
issues is to reconfigure the server to revert to the previous default
authentication plugin (mysql_native_password). For example, use these lines
in the server option file:
[mysqld]
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
However, the setting should be viewed as temporary, not as a long term or
permanent solution, because it causes new accounts created with the setting
in effect to forego the improved authentication security.
If you are using replication please take time to understand how the
authentication plugin changes may impact you.
More information:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/upgrading-from-previous-series.html#upgrade-caching-sha2-password-compatibility-issues
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/upgrading-from-previous-series.html#upgrade-caching-sha2-password-replication
23) Columns which cannot have default values
No issues found
24) Check for invalid table names and schema names used in 5.7
No issues found
25) Check for orphaned routines in 5.7
No issues found
26) Check for deprecated usage of single dollar signs in object names
No issues found
27) Check for indexes that are too large to work on higher versions of MySQL
Server than 5.7
No issues found
28) Check for deprecated '.<table>' syntax used in routines.
No issues found
29) Check for columns that have foreign keys pointing to tables from a diffrent
database engine.
No issues found
Errors: 0
Warnings: 1
Notices: 2
NOTE: No fatal errors were found that would prevent an upgrade, but some potential issues were detected. Please ensure that the reported issues are not significant before upgrading.
[root@zyl-server ~]#
检查结果显示：
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#fafafa"><code class="language-sql">没有发现使用旧的时间类型的问题。
没有发现MySQL <span style="color:#986801">8.0</span> 语法检查问题。
没有发现与新保留关键字冲突的数据库对象使用问题。
没有发现使用utf8mb3字符集的问题。
没有发现mysql模式中的表名与MySQL <span style="color:#986801">8.0</span>中的新表冲突的问题。
没有发现使用非原生分区引擎的分区表的问题。
没有发现外键约束名称超过<span style="color:#986801">64</span>个字符的问题。
没有发现使用已弃用MAXDB sql_mode标志的问题。
发现某些数据库对象具有过时的sql_mode选项，将在升级到<span style="color:#986801">8.0</span>时清除。
没有发现<span style="color:#0077aa">ENUM</span><span style="color:#a67f59">/</span><span style="color:#0077aa">SET</span>列定义中包含超过<span style="color:#986801">255</span>个字符的元素的问题。
没有发现在共享表空间中使用分区表的问题。
没有发现循环目录引用的问题。
没有发现使用已删除函数的问题。
没有发现使用已删除的<span style="color:#0077aa">GROUP</span> <span style="color:#0077aa">BY</span> <span style="color:#0077aa">ASC</span><span style="color:#a67f59">/</span><span style="color:#0077aa">DESC</span>语法的问题。
没有发现已删除的系统变量以进行错误日志记录的问题。
没有发现已删除的系统变量的问题。
检查到有新的默认值的系统变量。
没有发现零日期、日期时间和时间戳值的问题。
没有发现由于文件删除或损坏导致的模式不一致问题。
没有发现被<span style="color:#0077aa">InnoDB</span>识别为属于不同引擎的表的问题。
没有发现通过<span style="color:#50a14f">'check table x for upgrade'</span>命令报告的问题。
发现新的默认身份验证插件的注意事项。
没有发现不能具有默认值的列的问题。
没有发现在<span style="color:#986801">5.7</span>中使用无效的表名和模式名的问题。
没有发现在<span style="color:#986801">5.7</span>中存在的孤立例程的问题。
没有发现在对象名称中使用单个美元符号的已弃用用法的问题。
没有发现在高于MySQL <span style="color:#986801">5.7</span>版本的MySQL服务器上无法工作的太大的索引的问题。
没有发现在例程中使用已弃用的<span style="color:#50a14f">'.<table>'</span>语法的问题。
没有发现具有指向来自不同数据库引擎的表的外键的列的问题。
总结：
错误：<span style="color:#986801">0</span>
警告：<span style="color:#986801">1</span>
注意事项：<span style="color:#986801">2</span>
</code></span></span>2、操作环境
1、查看当前数据库版本
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#fafafa"><code class="language-sql">mysql<span style="color:#a67f59">></span> <span style="color:#0077aa">select</span>@<span style="color:#ee9900">@version</span><span style="color:#999999">;</span>
<span style="color:#a67f59">+</span><span style="color:#708090">-----------+</span>
<span style="color:#a67f59">|</span> @<span style="color:#ee9900">@version</span> <span style="color:#a67f59">|</span>
<span style="color:#a67f59">+</span><span style="color:#708090">-----------+</span>
<span style="color:#a67f59">|</span> <span style="color:#986801">5.7</span><span style="color:#986801">.42</span> <span style="color:#a67f59">|</span>
<span style="color:#a67f59">+</span><span style="color:#708090">-----------+</span>
<span style="color:#986801">1</span> <span style="color:#0077aa">row</span> <span style="color:#a67f59">in</span> <span style="color:#0077aa">set</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span><span style="color:#986801">0.00</span> sec<span style="color:#999999">)</span>
mysql<span style="color:#a67f59">></span>
</code></span></span>2、操作系统版本
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#fafafa"><code class="language-sql"><span style="color:#999999">[</span>root<span style="color:#ee9900">@zyl</span><span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>server <span style="color:#a67f59">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#708090"># cat /etc/redhat-release</span>
CentOS Linux <span style="color:#0077aa">release</span> <span style="color:#986801">7.9</span><span style="color:#986801">.2009</span> <span style="color:#999999">(</span>Core<span style="color:#999999">)</span>
<span style="color:#999999">[</span>root<span style="color:#ee9900">@zyl</span><span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>server <span style="color:#a67f59">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#708090"># </span>
<span style="color:#999999">[</span>root<span style="color:#ee9900">@zyl</span><span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>server <span style="color:#a67f59">~</span><span style="color:#999999">]</span><span style="color:#708090"># </span>
</code></span></span>3、备份数据库、my.cnf文件，停止mysql服务（重要）
[root@zyl-server ~]# mysqldump -hlocalhost -uroot -p --all-databases > /home/db_back_2024.sql
Enter password:
[root@zyl-server ~]# ll
total 1317800
-rw-------. 1 root root 1419 Aug 30 2023 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------. 1 root root 453727744 Mar 13 19:40 image_mysql.tar
-rwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 58 Mar 17 16:39 init-file
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 88 Mar 11 10:59 mynginx-app
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 447283712 Mar 13 19:24 mysql-5.7-container02.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 447283712 Mar 13 19:23 mysql-5.7-container.tar
drwxr-xr-x. 9 mfs mfs 186 Feb 28 20:38 nginx-1.24.0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1112471 Feb 28 20:37 nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
[root@zyl-server ~]# cd /home/
[root@zyl-server home]# ll
total 876
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 890551 Mar 17 16:58 db_back_2024.sql
drwx------. 2 mfs mfs 99 Feb 29 21:49 mfs
drwx------. 2 redis redis 99 Mar 3 02:43 redis
drwx------. 3 zyl zyl 4096 Mar 16 13:47 zyl
[root@zyl-server home]#[root@zyl-server home]# cp /etc/my.cnf /home/5.7.37_my.cnf
[root@zyl-server home]#
[root@zyl-server home]#
[root@zyl-server home]# systemctl stop mysqld
4、上传、解压安装包
下载mysql8.2.0:
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
创建"mysql8.2.0-bundle"的文件夹，用于存放解压文件。
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#fafafa"><code class="language-sql">mkdir mysql8<span style="color:#999999">.</span><span style="color:#986801">2.0</span><span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>bundle
tar <span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>xvf mysql<span style="color:#a67f59">-</span><span style="color:#986801">8.2</span><span style="color:#986801">.0</span><span style="color:#a67f59">-</span><span style="color:#986801">1.</span>el7<span style="color:#999999">.</span>x86_64<span style="color:#999999">.</span>rpm<span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>bundle<span style="color:#999999">.</span>tar
</code></span></span>
5、查看已安装的mysql-5.7.42有关的包
列出系统中所有与 mysql 相关的 RPM 软件包。
<span style="color:#000000"><span style="background-color:#fafafa"><code class="language-sql">rpm <span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>qa<span style="color:#a67f59">|</span>grep <span style="color:#a67f59">-</span>i mysql
</code></span></span>
6、升级、按顺序执行
[root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-server-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps
warning: mysql-community-server-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-8.2.0-1.el################################# [ 50%]
Cleaning up / removing...
2:mysql-community-server-5.7.42-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-client-
mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm mysql-community-client-plugins-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps
warning: mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-client-8.2.0-1.el################################# [ 50%]
Cleaning up / removing...
2:mysql-community-client-5.7.42-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-libs-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-libs-8.2.0-1.el7 ################################# [ 50%]
Cleaning up / removing...
2:mysql-community-libs-5.7.42-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-common-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps
warning: mysql-community-common-8.2.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-common-8.2.0-1.el################################# [ 50%]
Cleaning up / removing...
2:mysql-community-common-5.7.42-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]#
7、升级验证
1、检查登录正常
systemctl start mysqldmysql -u root -p
[root@zyl-server mysql8.2.0-bundle]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: （zyl@2024）
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 8.2.0 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2、检查升级版本
已由mysql-5.7.42 升级到 mysql-8.2.0 。
mysql> select@@version;
+-----------+
| @@version |
+-----------+
| 8.2.0 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql>
3、检查数据
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| db_zyl |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> use db_zyl;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changed
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_db_zyl |
+------------------+
| users |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select * from users;
+----+----------+----------------------+-------------+---------------------+
| id | name | email | password | created_at |
+----+----------+----------------------+-------------+---------------------+
| 1 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:46 |
| 2 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:50 |
| 3 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:52 |
| 4 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:55 |
| 5 | John Doe | john.doe@example.com | password123 | 2024-03-15 00:11:56 |
+----+----------+----------------------+-------------+---------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>
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