Spring源码分析

1)idea下debug的时候不会报超时错误。
2)eclipse下debug的时候可能会报tomcat启动超时错误：
	错误信息：Server apache-tomcat-8.0.33 at localhost was unable to start within 45 seconds. If the server requires more time, try increasing the timeout in the server editor.
	解决方法：在Servers视图下，双击"Tomcat v8.0 Server at localhost"，设置Timeouts中"Start (in seconds):" 即可。

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package org.springframework.web.context;

import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;


public class ContextLoaderListener extends ContextLoader implements ServletContextListener {

	private ContextLoader contextLoader;

	public ContextLoaderListener() {
	}


	public ContextLoaderListener(WebApplicationContext context) {
		super(context);
	}

	/**
	 * Initialize the root web application context.
	 */
	public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) { //【1】
		this.contextLoader = createContextLoader();
		if (this.contextLoader == null) {
			this.contextLoader = this;
		}
		this.contextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext()); //【2】
	}


	/**
	 * Close the root web application context.
	 */
	public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {
		if (this.contextLoader != null) {
			this.contextLoader.closeWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
		}
		ContextCleanupListener.cleanupAttributes(event.getServletContext());
	}


	@Deprecated
	protected ContextLoader createContextLoader() {
		return null;
	}

	@Deprecated
	public ContextLoader getContextLoader() {
		return this.contextLoader;
	}
}

-----------------------------------

package org.springframework.web.context;

public class ContextLoader {

	/**
	 * 初始化Web应用中的Spring容器。
	 * 		注意：WebApplicationContext是一个接口，故实例化WebApplicationContext时，需要确定一个WebApplicationContext的实现类，默认使用XmlWebApplicationContext作为实现类。
	 * Initialize Spring's web application context for the given servlet context,
	 * using the application context provided at construction time, or creating a new one according to the contextClass and context-params.
	 * 
	 * @param servletContext current servlet context
	 * @return the new WebApplicationContext
	 */
	public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) { //【2】
	
		// 判断当前ServletContext中是否已经存在一个WebApplicationContext。注：WebApplicationContext启动成功后会绑定到ServletContext中。
		if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
			throw new IllegalStateException(
					"Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context present - " +
					"check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
		}

		Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
		servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
		if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
		}
		long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

		try {
			// Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
			// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
			if (this.context == null) {
				this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext); //【3.1】
			}
			if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
				ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
				if (!cwac.isActive()) {
					// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
					// setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc
					if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
						// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent ->
						// determine parent for root web application context, if any.
						ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
						cwac.setParent(parent);
					}
					// 构造bean工厂和容器里bean的创建
					configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext); //【3.2】
				}
			}
			// 将WebApplicationContext绑定到ServletContext中。
			servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);

			ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
			if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
				currentContext = this.context;
			}
			else if (ccl != null) {
				currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
			}

			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext as ServletContext attribute with name [" +
						WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
			}
			if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
				long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
				logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
			}

			return this.context;
		}
		catch (RuntimeException ex) {
			logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
			servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (Error err) {
			logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);
			servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);
			throw err;
		}
	}

	protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(ServletContext sc) { //【3.1】
	
		/**
		 * determineContextClass方法：
		 * 	获取WebApplicationContext的Class类型，如果我们没有在web.xml中自定义WebApplicationContext的类型(contextClass参数), 则使用默认的类型XmlWebApplicationContext
		 * 	Return the WebApplicationContext implementation class to use, either the default XmlWebApplicationContext or a custom context class if specified.
		 */
		Class<?> contextClass = determineContextClass(sc);
		if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException("Custom context class [" + contextClass.getName() + "] is not of type [" + ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.getName() + "]");
		}
		// 初始化WebApplication
		return (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
	}
	
	
	protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac, ServletContext sc) {
		if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
			// The application context id is still set to its original default value
			// -> assign a more useful id based on available information
			String idParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_ID_PARAM);
			if (idParam != null) {
				wac.setId(idParam);
			}
			else {
				// Generate default id...
				if (sc.getMajorVersion() == 2 && sc.getMinorVersion() < 5) {
					// Servlet <= 2.4: resort to name specified in web.xml, if any.
					wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
							ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getServletContextName()));
				}
				else {
					wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
							ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(sc.getContextPath()));
				}
			}
		}

		wac.setServletContext(sc);
		String configLocationParam = sc.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
		if (configLocationParam != null) {
			wac.setConfigLocation(configLocationParam);
		}

		// The wac environment's #initPropertySources will be called in any case when the context
		// is refreshed; do it eagerly here to ensure servlet property sources are in place for
		// use in any post-processing or initialization that occurs below prior to #refresh
		ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
		if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
			((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(sc, null);
		}

		customizeContext(sc, wac);
		wac.refresh();
	}
	
}

-----------------------------------

package org.springframework.beans;

public abstract class BeanUtils {

	/**
	 * 使用类的无参构造器来实例化一个类
	 * Instantiate a class using its no-arg constructor.
	 * 
	 * @param clazz class to instantiate
	 * @return the new instance
	 */
	public static <T> T instantiateClass(Class<T> clazz) throws BeanInstantiationException {
		Assert.notNull(clazz, "Class must not be null");
		if (clazz.isInterface()) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
		}
		try {
			return instantiateClass(clazz.getDeclaredConstructor());
		}
		catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 使用Constructor对象的newInstance()方法创建一个类的实例并返回。
	 * Convenience method to instantiate a class using the given constructor.
	 * 
	 * @param ctor the constructor to instantiate
	 * @param args the constructor arguments to apply
	 * @return the new instance
	 */
	public static <T> T instantiateClass(Constructor<T> ctor, Object... args) throws BeanInstantiationException {
		Assert.notNull(ctor, "Constructor must not be null");
		try {
			ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);
			return ctor.newInstance(args);
		}
		catch (InstantiationException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor.getDeclaringClass(), "Is it an abstract class?", ex);
		}
		catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor.getDeclaringClass(), "Is the constructor accessible?", ex);
		}
		catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor.getDeclaringClass(), "Illegal arguments for constructor", ex);
		}
		catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor.getDeclaringClass(), "Constructor threw exception", ex.getTargetException());
		}
	}
}

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