Atomikos

    Atomikos是一个公司的名字，AtomikosTransactionsEssentials是其开源的分布式事务软件包，而ExtremeTransactions是商业的分布式事务软件包。TransactionsEssentials是基于apache-license的，是JTA/XA的开源实现，支持Java Application和J2EE应用。
    下面以AtomikosTransactionsEssentials-3.4.2（可以在http://www.atomikos.com下载）为例，说明其用法。
    需要的jar包：jta.jar、transactions-essentials-all.jar。

    Atomikos默认在classpath下使用名为transactions.properties的配置文件，如果找不到，则使用默认的配置参数。下面给一个transactions.properties的例子，可以根据自己的需要修改：

#SAMPLE PROPERTIES FILE FOR THE TRANSACTION SERVICE 
#THIS FILE ILLUSTRATES THE DIFFERENT SETTINGS FOR THE TRANSACTION MANAGER 
#UNCOMMENT THE ASSIGNMENTS TO OVERRIDE DEFAULT VALUES; 
#Required: factory class name for the transaction service core. 
# 
com.atomikos.icatch.service=com.atomikos.icatch.standalone.UserTransactionServiceFactory 
# 
#Set name of file where messages are output 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.console_file_name = tm.out 
#Size limit (in bytes) for the console file; 
#negative means unlimited. 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.console_file_limit=-1 
#For size-limited console files, this option 
#specifies a number of rotating files to 
#maintain. 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.console_file_count=1 
#Set the number of log writes between checkpoints 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.checkpoint_interval=500 
#Set output directory where console file and other files are to be put 
#make sure this directory exists! 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.output_dir = ./ 
#Set directory of log files; make sure this directory exists! 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.log_base_dir = ./ 
#Set base name of log file 
#this name will be used as the first part of 
#the system-generated log file name 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.log_base_name = tmlog 
#Set the max number of active local transactions 
#or -1 for unlimited. 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.max_actives = 50 
#Set the max timeout (in milliseconds) for local transactions 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.max_timeout = 300000 
#The globally unique name of this transaction manager process 
#override this value with a globally unique name 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.tm_unique_name = tm 
#Do we want to use parallel subtransactions? JTA's default 
#is NO for J2EE compatibility. 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.serial_jta_transactions=true 
#If you want to do explicit resource registration then 
#you need to set this value to false. See later in 
#this manual for what explicit resource registration means. 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.automatic_resource_registration=true 
#Set this to WARN, INFO or DEBUG to control the granularity 
#of output to the console file. 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.console_log_level=WARN 
#Do you want transaction logging to be enabled or not? 
#If set to false, then no logging overhead will be done 
#at the risk of losing data after restart or crash. 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.enable_logging=true 
#Should two-phase commit be done in (multi-)threaded mode or not? 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.threaded_2pc=true 
#Should exit of the VM force shutdown of the transaction core? 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.force_shutdown_on_vm_exit=false 
#Should the logs be protected by a .lck file on startup? 
# 
#com.atomikos.icatch.lock_logs=true

Atomikos TransactionsEssentials支持3种使用方式，可以根据自己的情况选用，下面给出每种方式的使用场合和一个代码示例。
    一、使用JDBC/JMS和UserTransaction，这是最直接和最简单的使用方式，使用Atomikos内置的JDBC、JMS适配器。示例如下：

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.transaction.UserTransaction;

import com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp;
import com.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosDataSourceBean;

/** 
* 
*/
public class UserTransactionUtil {

	public static UserTransaction getUserTransaction() {
		UserTransaction utx = new UserTransactionImp();
		return utx;
	}

	private static AtomikosDataSourceBean dsBean;

	private static AtomikosDataSourceBean getDataSource() {
		if (dsBean != null)
			return dsBean;
		AtomikosDataSourceBean ds = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();
		ds.setUniqueResourceName("db");
		ds.setXaDataSourceClassName("oracle.jdbc.xa.client.OracleXADataSource");
		Properties p = new Properties();
		p.setProperty("user", "db_user_name");
		p.setProperty("password", "db_user_pwd");
		p.setProperty("URL", "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.10:1521:oradb");
		ds.setXaProperties(p);
		ds.setPoolSize(5);
		dsBean = ds;
		return dsBean;
	}

	public static Connection getDbConnection() throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = getDataSource().getConnection();
		return conn;
	}

	private static AtomikosDataSourceBean dsBean1;

	private static AtomikosDataSourceBean getDataSource1() {
		if (dsBean1 != null)
			return dsBean1;
		AtomikosDataSourceBean ds = new AtomikosDataSourceBean();
		ds.setUniqueResourceName("db1");
		ds.setXaDataSourceClassName("oracle.jdbc.xa.client.OracleXADataSource");
		Properties p = new Properties();
		p.setProperty("user", "db_user_name");
		p.setProperty("password", "db_user_pwd");
		p.setProperty("URL", "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.11:1521:oradb1");
		ds.setXaProperties(p);
		ds.setPoolSize(5);
		dsBean1 = ds;
		return dsBean1;
	}

	public static Connection getDb1Connection() throws SQLException {
		Connection conn = getDataSource1().getConnection();
		return conn;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		UserTransaction utx = getUserTransaction();
		boolean rollback = false;
		try {
			// begin a transaction
			utx.begin();

			// execute db operation
			Connection conn = null;
			Connection conn1 = null;
			Statement stmt = null;
			Statement stmt1 = null;
			try {
				conn = getDbConnection();
				conn1 = getDb1Connection();

				stmt = conn.createStatement();
				stmt.executeUpdate("insert into t values(1,'23')");

				stmt1 = conn1.createStatement();
				stmt1.executeUpdate("insert into t values(1,'123456789')");

			} catch (Exception e) {
				throw e;
			} finally {
				if (stmt != null)
					stmt.close();
				if (conn != null)
					conn.close();
				if (stmt1 != null)
					stmt1.close();
				if (conn1 != null)
					conn1.close();
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// an exception means we should not commit
			rollback = true;
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				// commit or rollback the transaction
				if (!rollback)
					utx.commit();
				else
					utx.rollback();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

    二、使用JTA TransactionManager。这种方式不需要Atomikos内置的JDBC、JMS适配器，但需要在JTA/XA级别上添加、删除XA资源实例。示例如下：

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.sql.XAConnection;
import javax.transaction.Transaction;
import javax.transaction.xa.XAResource;

import oracle.jdbc.xa.client.OracleXADataSource;

import com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager;

public class TransactionManagerUtil {
	public static UserTransactionManager getUserTransactionManager()
			throws Exception {
		return new UserTransactionManager();
	}

	private static OracleXADataSource xads;

	private static OracleXADataSource getXADataSource() throws SQLException {
		if (xads != null)
			return xads;
		xads = new OracleXADataSource();
		xads.setUser("db_user_name");
		xads.setPassword("db_user_pwd");
		xads.setURL("jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.10:1521:oradb");
		return xads;
	}

	public static XAConnection getXAConnection() throws SQLException {
		OracleXADataSource ds = getXADataSource();
		return ds.getXAConnection();
	}

	private static OracleXADataSource xads1;

	private static OracleXADataSource getXADataSource1() throws SQLException {
		if (xads1 != null)
			return xads1;
		xads1 = new OracleXADataSource();
		xads1.setUser("db_user_name");
		xads1.setPassword("db_user_pwd");
		xads1.setURL("jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.11:1521:oradb1");
		return xads1;
	}

	public static XAConnection getXAConnection1() throws SQLException {
		OracleXADataSource ds = getXADataSource1();
		return ds.getXAConnection();
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			UserTransactionManager tm = getUserTransactionManager();

			XAConnection xaconn = getXAConnection();
			XAConnection xaconn1 = getXAConnection1();

			boolean rollback = false;
			try {
				// begin and retrieve tx
				tm.begin();
				Transaction tx = tm.getTransaction();

				// get the XAResourc from the JDBC connection
				XAResource xares = xaconn.getXAResource();
				XAResource xares1 = xaconn1.getXAResource();

				// enlist the resource with the transaction
				// NOTE: this will only work if you set the configuration
				// parameter:
				// com.atomikos.icatch.automatic_resource_registration=true
				// or, alternatively, if you use the UserTransactionService
				// integration mode
				tx.enlistResource(xares);
				tx.enlistResource(xares1);

				// access the database, the work will be
				// subject to the outcome of the current transaction
				Connection conn = xaconn.getConnection();
				Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
				stmt.executeUpdate("insert into t values(1,'1234567')");
				stmt.close();
				conn.close();
				Connection conn1 = xaconn1.getConnection();
				Statement stmt1 = conn1.createStatement();
				stmt1.executeUpdate("insert into t values(1,'abc1234567890')");
				stmt1.close();
				conn1.close();

				// delist the resource
				tx.delistResource(xares, XAResource.TMSUCCESS);
				tx.delistResource(xares1, XAResource.TMSUCCESS);
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// an exception means we should not commit
				rollback = true;
				throw e;
			} finally {
				// ALWAYS terminate the tx
				if (rollback)
					tm.rollback();
				else
					tm.commit();

				// only now close the connection
				// i.e., not until AFTER commit or rollback!
				xaconn.close();
				xaconn1.close();
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

三、使用Atomikos UserTransactionService。这是高级使用方式，可以控制事务服务的启动和关闭，并且可以控制资源的装配。示例如下：

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.sql.XAConnection;
import javax.transaction.Transaction;
import javax.transaction.TransactionManager;
import javax.transaction.xa.XAResource;

import oracle.jdbc.xa.client.OracleXADataSource;

import com.atomikos.datasource.xa.jdbc.JdbcTransactionalResource;
import com.atomikos.icatch.config.TSInitInfo;
import com.atomikos.icatch.config.UserTransactionService;
import com.atomikos.icatch.config.UserTransactionServiceImp;

public class UserTransactionServiceUtil {
	public static UserTransactionService getUserTransactionService()
			throws Exception {
		return new UserTransactionServiceImp();
	}

	private static OracleXADataSource xads;

	private static OracleXADataSource getXADataSource() throws SQLException {
		if (xads != null)
			return xads;
		xads = new OracleXADataSource();
		xads.setUser("db_user_name");
		xads.setPassword("db_user_pwd");
		xads.setURL("jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.10:1521:oradb");
		return xads;
	}

	public static XAConnection getXAConnection() throws SQLException {
		OracleXADataSource ds = getXADataSource();
		return ds.getXAConnection();
	}

	private static JdbcTransactionalResource jdbcResource;

	public static JdbcTransactionalResource getJdbcTransactionalResource()
			throws SQLException {
		if (jdbcResource != null)
			return jdbcResource;
		jdbcResource = new JdbcTransactionalResource("db", getXADataSource(),
				new com.atomikos.datasource.xa.OraXidFactory() // oracle db need
																// this
		);
		return jdbcResource;
	}

	private static OracleXADataSource xads1;

	private static OracleXADataSource getXADataSource1() throws SQLException {
		if (xads1 != null)
			return xads1;
		xads1 = new OracleXADataSource();
		xads1.setUser("db_user_name");
		xads1.setPassword("db_user_pwd");
		xads1.setURL("jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.11:1521:oradb1");
		return xads1;
	}

	public static XAConnection getXAConnection1() throws SQLException {
		OracleXADataSource ds = getXADataSource1();
		return ds.getXAConnection();
	}

	private static JdbcTransactionalResource jdbcResource1;

	public static JdbcTransactionalResource getJdbcTransactionalResource1()
			throws SQLException {
		if (jdbcResource1 != null)
			return jdbcResource1;
		jdbcResource1 = new JdbcTransactionalResource("db1",
				getXADataSource1(),
				new com.atomikos.datasource.xa.OraXidFactory() // oracle db need
																// this
		);
		return jdbcResource1;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {

			// Register the resource with the transaction service
			// this is done through the UserTransaction handle.
			// All UserTransaction instances are equivalent and each
			// one can be used to register a resource at any time.
			UserTransactionService uts = getUserTransactionService();
			uts.registerResource(getJdbcTransactionalResource());
			uts.registerResource(getJdbcTransactionalResource1());

			// Initialize the UserTransactionService.
			// This will start the TM and recover
			// all registered resources; you could
			// call this 'eager recovery' (as opposed to 'lazy recovery'
			// for the simple xa demo).
			TSInitInfo info = uts.createTSInitInfo();
			// optionally set config properties on info
			info.setProperty("com.atomikos.icatch.checkpoint_interval", "2000");
			uts.init(info);

			TransactionManager tm = uts.getTransactionManager();
			tm.setTransactionTimeout(60);

			XAConnection xaconn = getXAConnection();
			XAConnection xaconn1 = getXAConnection1();

			boolean rollback = false;

			// begin and retrieve tx
			tm.begin();
			Transaction tx = tm.getTransaction();

			// get the XAResourc from the JDBC connection
			XAResource xares = xaconn.getXAResource();
			XAResource xares1 = xaconn1.getXAResource();

			Connection conn = xaconn.getConnection();
			Connection conn1 = xaconn1.getConnection();
			try {

				// enlist the resource with the transaction
				// NOTE: this will only work if you set the configuration
				// parameter:
				// com.atomikos.icatch.automatic_resource_registration=true
				// or, alternatively, if you use the UserTransactionService
				// integration mode
				tx.enlistResource(xares);
				tx.enlistResource(xares1);

				// access the database, the work will be
				// subject to the outcome of the current transaction
				Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
				stmt.executeUpdate("insert into t values(1,'1234567')");
				stmt.close();

				Statement stmt1 = conn1.createStatement();
				stmt1.executeUpdate("insert into t values(1,'abc')");
				stmt1.close();

			} catch (Exception e) {
				// an exception means we should not commit
				rollback = true;
				throw e;
			} finally {
				int flag = XAResource.TMSUCCESS;
				if (rollback)
					flag = XAResource.TMFAIL;

				tx.delistResource(xares, flag);
				tx.delistResource(xares1, flag);

				conn.close();
				conn1.close();

				if (!rollback)
					tm.commit();
				else
					tm.rollback();
			}

			uts.shutdown(false);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

在使用的时候，也可以把资源等配置到应用服务器中，使用JNDI获取资源。也可以与spring集成