C++实现简单的String(运算符重载)

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一、MyString.h

#pragma once
#pragma warning(disable:4996)
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class MyString
{
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, MyString& str);
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, MyString& str);
	friend MyString operator+(const char* s1, const MyString& s2);
	friend bool operator==(const char* str1, const MyString str2);

public:
	MyString(const char* str);
	MyString(const MyString& str);
	~MyString();
	int length()
	{
		return m_Length;
	}

	MyString operator+(const MyString& str);
	MyString operator+(const char* str);

	MyString& operator=(const char* str);
	MyString& operator=(const MyString& str);

	char& operator[](int pos);

	bool operator==(const MyString& str);
	bool operator==(const char* str);

	MyString& operator+=(MyString& str);
	MyString& operator+=(const char* str);

private:
	char* pString;		//	维护在底层的在堆区创建字符数组
	int   m_Length;		//字符串的长度 \0

};

二、MyString.cpp

#include "MyString.h"
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, MyString& str)
{
	out << str.pString;
	return out;
}

istream& operator>>(istream& in, MyString& str)
{
	//先判断原来是否有数据，如果有先释放
	if (str.pString != nullptr)
	{
		delete[] str.pString;
		str.pString = nullptr;
	}

	char buf[1024];
	in >> buf;

	str.pString = new char[strlen(buf) + 1];
	strcpy(str.pString, buf);
	str.m_Length = strlen(buf);

	return in;
}


MyString::MyString(const char* str)
{
	cout << "构造函数..." << endl;
	m_Length = strlen(str);
	pString = new char[m_Length + 1];
	strcpy(pString, str);
}

MyString::MyString(const MyString& str)
{
	cout << "拷贝构造函数..." << endl;
	m_Length = str.m_Length;
	pString = new char[m_Length + 1];
	strcpy(pString, str.pString);
}

MyString::~MyString()
{
	cout << "析构函数..." << endl;
	delete[] pString;
	pString = nullptr;

}
MyString operator+(const char* s1, const MyString& s2)
{
	int newLength = strlen(s1)+s2.m_Length + 1;
	//创建一个新的字符数组
	char* temp = new char[newLength] {};
	strcat(temp, s1);
	strcat(temp, s2.pString);

	MyString newStr = temp;
	delete[] temp;

	return newStr;
}


MyString MyString::operator+(const MyString& str)
{
	int newLength = m_Length + str.m_Length+1;
	//创建一个新的字符数组
	char* temp = new char[newLength] {};
	strcat(temp, pString);
	strcat(temp, str.pString);

	MyString newStr = temp;
	delete[] temp;

	return newStr;
}

MyString MyString::operator+(const char* str)
{

	int newLength = m_Length + strlen(str) + 1;
	//创建一个新的字符数组
	char* temp = new char[newLength] {};
	strcat(temp, pString);
	strcat(temp, str);

	MyString newStr = temp;
	delete[] temp;

	return newStr;

	
}

MyString& MyString::operator=(const char* str)
{
	//判断原来有没有数据，如果有先释放
	if (pString != nullptr) {
		delete[] pString;
		pString = nullptr;
	}

	m_Length = strlen(str);
	pString = new char[m_Length + 1];
	strcpy(pString, str);
	return *this;
}

MyString& MyString::operator=(const MyString& str)
{
	//判断原来有没有数据，如果有先释放
	if (pString != nullptr) {
		delete[] pString;
		pString = nullptr;
	}

	m_Length = str.m_Length;
	pString = new char[m_Length + 1];
	strcpy(pString, str.pString);
	return *this;

}

char& MyString::operator[](int pos)
{
	return pString[pos];
}

bool MyString::operator==(const MyString& str)
{
	return strcmp(pString, str.pString)==0;
}

bool MyString::operator==(const char* str)
{
	return strcmp(pString, str)==0;
}

bool operator==(const char* str1, const MyString str2)
{
	return strcmp(str1, str2.pString)==0;
}

MyString& MyString::operator+=(MyString& str)
{
	MyString temp = *this + str;
	*this = temp;
	return *this;
}

MyString& MyString::operator+=(const char* str)
{
	MyString temp = *this + str;
	*this = temp;
	return *this;
}

三、主函数

#include<iostream>
#include"MyString.h"
using namespace std;

void test1()
{
	MyString str = "world";
	cout << str << endl;

	MyString str1 = str;
	cout << str1 << endl;
	cout << str1.length() << endl;

	/*char buf[1024] = { 0 };
	cin >> buf;
	cout << buf << endl;*/
	cin >> str1;
	cout << str1 << endl;


}

void test2()
{
	MyString s1 = "abc";
	MyString s2 = "def";
	MyString s3 = s1 + s2;		//s1.operator+(s2);
	MyString s4 = s3 + "ghi";	//s3.operator+("ghi);
	cout << s3 << endl;
	cout << s4 << endl;

	MyString s5 = "hello" + s1; //helloabc
	cout << s5 << endl;

}

void test3()
{
	MyString s1 = "abc";
	MyString s2 = "def";
	s1 = s2;
	s2 = "ghi";
	cout << s1 << endl;
	cout << s2 << endl;

}

void test4()
{
	MyString s1 = "abcdef";
	cout << s1[3] << endl;
	s1[3] = 'z';
	cout << s1 << endl;
}

void test5()
{
	MyString s1 = "abc";
	MyString s2 = "abcd";
	cout << (s1 == s2) << endl;
	cout << (s2 == "abcd") << endl;
	cout << ("abc" == s1) << endl;
}


void test6()
{
	MyString s1 = "abc";
	s1 += "def";
	cout << s1 << endl;
	MyString s2 = "igh";
	s1 += s2;
	cout << s1 << endl;
	cout << s2 << endl;
}

//封装字符串类
int main() {


	//test1();
	//test2();
	//test3();
	//test4();
	//test5();
	test6();


	return 0;
}

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总结

今天主要给大家介绍了运算符的重载以及c++String的实现。