Linux下获取第一个网络接口名称的函数实现

以下代码摘自开源程序--------iftop

    /* This is a list of interface name prefixes which are `bad' in the sense
    * that they don't refer to interfaces of external type on which we are
    * likely to want to listen. We also compare candidate interfaces to lo. */
    static char *bad_interface_names[] = {
                "lo:",
                "lo",
                "stf",     /* pseudo-device 6to4 tunnel interface */
                "gif",     /* psuedo-device generic tunnel interface */
                "dummy",
                "vmnet",
                NULL        /* last entry must be NULL */
            };

    static int is_bad_interface_name(char *i) {
        char **p;
        for (p = bad_interface_names; *p; ++p)
            if (strncmp(i, *p, strlen(*p)) == 0)
                return 1;
        return 0;
    }
       
    /* This finds the first interface which is up and is not the loopback
    * interface or one of the interface types listed in bad_interface_names. */
    static char *get_first_interface(void) {
        struct if_nameindex * nameindex;
        char *i = NULL;
        int j = 0;
        /* Use if_nameindex(3) instead? */

        nameindex = if_nameindex();
        if(nameindex == NULL) {
            return NULL;
        }

        while(nameindex[j].if_index != 0) {
            if (strcmp(nameindex[j].if_name, "lo") != 0 && !is_bad_interface_name(nameindex[j].if_name)) {
                i = xstrdup(nameindex[j].if_name);
                break;
            }
            j++;
        }
        if_freenameindex(nameindex);
        return i;
    }

补充说明：

struct if_nameindex

这个变量用于存储单个网络界面的信息,其中具有两个元素:

unsigned int if_index:界面序号

char *if_name:用null结尾的界面名称

struct if_nameindex *if_nameindex(void);

返回一个struct if_nameindex列表,其中存储了所有界面的信息,最后一个if_nameindex的if_index序号为零,if_name为null

此函数得到的结果必需用if_freenameindex函数清除

void if_freenameindex(struct if_nameindex *ptr);

清除if_nameindex得到的结果
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